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Biomedical subjects

T Kawashima

Publications and source records attributed to T Kawashima.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Changes of Ca2+-ATPase and cytochrome oxidase activity of myocardial cell under early and late ischemia:--comparison with ultrastructural changes.

Using the histo- and cytochemical technique we assessed the Ca2+-transporting function of mitochondria (Mit) and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), and the ATP producing function of Mit in the ischemic myocardial cell of a dog's heart. In comparing ultrastructural ischemic changes, cytochrome oxidase (CO) and Ca2+-ATPase were cytochemically and histochemically measured when the myocardium was subjected to the ischemia of left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion for 15 min, and 60 min. After 15 min of occlusion the ischemic alterations consisted of a wide I band, decreased glycogen (G) and Mit swelling with a slight reduction of matrix density. Although CO activity was not reduced, Ca2+-ATPase had decreased mainly in Mit. Sixty min of ischemia resulted in loss of G, intermyofibrillar edema, marked Mit swelling with loss of matrix density and partial disruption of cristae, and dilatation of SR. Ca2+-ATPase activity was significantly reduced in Mit, SR and myofibrils. Although there was Mit swelling with partial disruption of cristae after 60 min of ischemia, CO activity was found to still exist in the remaining cristae. These findings suggest that intracellular organelle dysfunction progresses in the ischemic myocardial cell at different rates, and that disruption of intracellular Ca2+-homeostasis may occur early in the ischemic state.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Treatment of gonococcal infection: an analysis of cases treated over ten years at Tokai University Hospital.

The results of gonococcal infection treatment at Tokai University Hospital during the past decade were summarized. Symptoms and signs of gonococcal urethritis and their therapeutic responses were essentially the same as in other series previously reported. Among drug regimens employed, penicillins were found most effective while cephalosporins proved to be relatively less effective. One-shot therapy with cephalosporins also proved less satisfactory.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1987

[Statistical studies on bacteria isolated from urinary tract infections (report 4)].

The statistics and drug sensitivity tests of bacterial florae isolated from the urinary tract in 1983 and 1984 were reviewed. Of the 2,222 strains isolated from outpatients, 593 (26.7%) were gram positive cocci, 21.4% were E. coli, 11.3% were Enterococcus, 10.4% were Proteus sp., 10.0% were P. aeruginosa, 5.6% were Alcaligenes sp., 4.2% were S. epidermidis and the rest were others. Of the 507 strains isolated from hospitalized patients, 107 (33.5%) were gram positive cocci, 20.3% were Enterococcus, 16.2% were P. aeruginosa, 9.1% were E. coli, 7.7% were Enterobacter sp. 7.5% were S. epidermidis, 4.9% were Proteus sp., S. marcescence and the rest were others. The percentage of E. coli, K. pneumoniae and S. epidermidis detected in the isolates from the outpatients and that of K. pneumoniae, Proteus sp. and S. epidermidis detected from the inpatients were lower than in previous reports. The percentage of P. aeruginosa and Enterococcus detected in the isolates from both groups of patients were higher than in previous reports. The major isolates (9 species) from the outpatients were more susceptible to the antimicrobial agents tested than those from the inpatients. The susceptibility of gentamicin, tetracycline and nalidixic acid to the major isolates was lower than in previous reports. During the past 2 years, we have been routinely using on inpatients the so-called new generation cefem antibiotics to treat urinary tract infections. This might be why the number of isolates of Enterococcus has increased especially in the isolates from inpatients.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1986

Preparation and properties of the water-soluble chlorophyll-bovine serum albumin complexes.

By mixing chlorophyll (Chl) a or b with a dense bovine serum albumin solution, the water-soluble Chl-bovine serum albumin complexes were prepared. These complexes, eluted near the void volume on a gel filtration, were separated well from unreacted bovine serum albumin, indicating an aggregation of such molecules in the complexes. Preparation of chlorophyllide (Chlide) a- or Chlide b-bovine serum albumin complex was unsuccessful, while the phytol-, and beta-carotene-bovine serum albumin complexes could be obtained. Chls in the Chl-bovine serum albumin complexes had the following characteristics. Main absorption peak of Chl a or b in the red region occurred at 675 nm or 652 nm, respectively. The Chl a-bovine serum albumin complex having absorption peak at 740 nm was also prepared. As compared with the stabilities of Chl a and b in Triton X-100. Both Chls in the bovine serum albumin-complexes were stable against oxidative stresses, such as photobleaching, Fenton reagent, peroxidase-H2O2 system. But they were easily hydrolyzed by chlorophyllase. These properties of Chls in the bovine serum albumin-complexes were similar to those of Chls in the isolated light-harvesting Chl a/b protein complex. A possible localization of Chls within the bovine serum albumin complexes was suggested that the porphyrin moiety of Chl was buried in bovine serum albumin; however, the hydrophilic edge of porphyrin ring, adjacent to the phytol group, occurred in the hydrophilic region of a bovine serum albumin molecule.

Chlorophyll↗
PubMed1986

Synthesis of 2-(4-substituted-1-piperazinyl)benzimidazoles as H1-antihistaminic agents.

A series of 2-(4-substituted-1-(homo)piperazinyl)benzimidazoles was prepared and tested for H1-antihistaminic activity in vitro and in vivo. Most of the compounds showed antihistaminic activity and some of the 1-[2-(substituted-oxy)ethyl] derivatives exhibited potent activity. In a structure-activity comparison it was found that the oxygen atom in the 2-(substituted-oxy)ethyl group at the 1-position of the benzimidazole nucleus played an important role for potent antihistaminic activity, especially in vivo. One of the most potent compounds, 1-(2-ethoxyethyl)-2-(4-methyl-1-homopiperazinyl)benzimidazole (69), was 39 times more potent than chlorpheniramine maleate in H1-antihistaminic activity in vivo and was selected for clinical evaluation. The structure of compound 69 is of interest because it provides only a single aromatic unit linked through a chain to a basic nitrogen, while most H1-antihistaminic agents have structures that comprise a double-aromatic unit linked through a chain to a basic tertiary amino group.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Immunocytochemical detection of Chlamydia trachomatis on cytological specimens.

Chlamydia trachomatis can cause many kinds of diseases in humans, both men and women. Its diagnosis depends on the observation of intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies on smears. To observe intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies we applied the Papanicolaou and immunocytochemical techniques. Elementary and reticulate bodies were seen more easily using the immunocytochemical technique in 3 hours on gynecological and urethral specimens. The immunocytochemical technique is rapid, accurate and specific with unstained gynecological and urethral specimens as well as destained Papanicolaou smears. It appears that fixation is the most important factor in immunocytochemical observations of Chlamydia. Absolute methanol or ethanol was the fixation agent of choice based on our experience. After proper fixation, the immunocytochemical technique can be applied for routine examinations to detect Chlamydia trachomatis.

Chlamydia Infections↗
PubMed1986

[Testicular scanning in intrascrotal lesions].

Testicular scanning with technetium-99m sodium pertechnetate was performed on 152 patients with a variety of intrascrotal lesions. Scrotal images were obtained serially in the perfusion, tissue phase, illustrating the features of each phase in various clinical conditions. The relationship of scrotal imaging to the overall clinical presentation and evaluation of these patients is emphasized in testicular torsion of the testicular appendix, epididymitis, abscess, trauma, tumor, spermatocele, and varicocele. Technical problems of the scanning are also discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[A surgical case of submucosal esophageal carcinoma with esophageal leiomyoma misdiagnosed as esophageal].

A 56-year-old man with submucosal esophageal carcinoma combined with esophageal leiomyoma is presented. He had suffered from progressive dysphagia and vomiting. X-ray and endoscopic examination revealed severe stenosis of the lower esophagus with smooth mucosa, and CT scan demonstrated a circular and localized tumor. The histological diagnosis of esophageal leiomyoma was made by means of surgical biopsy. Resection of the lower esophagus and upper stomach was performed. But the postoperative pathological examination revealed submucosal esophageal squamous cell carcinoma combined with esophageal leiomyoma. The etiology and diagnosis in this case were discussed.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1986

[Effect of cefoperazone on acute prostatitis and epididymitis].

Cefoperazone (CPZ) was intravenously administered to rabbits and the concentration of CPZ in the accessory male genitals was determined. The epididymis, prostate and testicles had a high enough concentration of CPZ to kill various kinds of bacteria. Therefore, CPZ was applied to 11 clinical cases of acute epididymitis and 4 cases of acute prostatitis, but clinical effects were not so satisfactory in the cases of acute epididymitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

[Two cases of metastatic renal tumor].

In this report, two cases of metastatic renal tumor are described. The first case is a 58-year-old female who had branchiogenic carcinoma. She had found a left neck tumor, before asymptomatic macrohematuria developed. The second case is a 25-year-old female who had choriocarcinoma. She had no urological symptoms. In both cases, unilateral nephrectomy was performed. Seventy nine cases of metastatic renal tumor in survivals have already been reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Stimulation of pheomelanogenesis in cultured B16 melanoma cells by 4-tertiary butylcatechol.

Intermediates of pheomelanin in tissue cultured B16 melanoma cells were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography, and reduced glutathione (GSH), L-dopa, 2-[(L)-S-cysteinyl]-L-dopa (2-SCD) and 5-[(L)-S-cysteinyl]-L-dopa (5-SCD) were quantified. The effects of 4-tertiary butylcatechol (TBC), an antioxidant which causes skin depigmentation, on the levels of the intermediate were then examined. A concentration of 10(-4) M TBC increased the intracellular levels of GSH, 2-SCD and 5-SCD, whereas the L-dopa level was unchanged. The time-course of the increased intermediates corresponded to the elevation of glutathione-metabolizing enzyme activities previously reported by Kawashima et al. [J. invest. Derm. 82, 53 (1984)] in the same cell line exposed to 10(-4) M TBC. The findings establish chemical evidence that TBC stimulates pheomelanogenesis in melanocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Non-linearity of visual evoked potentials in cerveau isolé and midpontine pretrigeminal cats.

Characteristics of the visual evoked responses to the flickering flash stimulation were studied in the cerveau isolé and midpontine pretrigeminal cats. The flash stimulation frequency was changed stepwise between 1 and 30 Hz in increasing and decreasing order. In all cases of both preparations, with drawing of fixed sweep speed of 200 msec in whole length, P1 and N1 latencies in the successive response slightly prolonged progressively 1 to about 20 Hz and thereafter shortened about 20-30 Hz stimulus frequencies in the course of the increasing phase, and vice versa in the course of the decreasing phase. Moreover, no difference in each latency (P1, N1, P2, N2) was found at the same stimulus frequency during increasing and decreasing phases. In the amplitude taken from the P1-N1 component, the peak was found in 5-9 Hz frequency bands. This peak was higher during the decreasing phase than during the increasing phase, which indicated a hysteresis phenomenon. A peak of power for the 1st harmonics was found at 3-6 Hz driving frequency bands, and that of the 2nd harmonics at 6-10 Hz. In the state without flash stimulus, no peaks or valleys in the power spectrum were found in specific frequencies, for example 3-10 Hz. The peak in the amplitude and that in the power spectrum at 3-10 Hz stimulus frequency bands suggested an entrainment phenomenon induced by forced oscillation. The phenomena of entrainment and hysteresis suggest the existence of a non-linear structure in the oscillation generating systems of visual evoked response.

Animals↗