Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Kawashima

Publications and source records attributed to T Kawashima.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Long-term follow-up of pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) associated with aortitis syndrome (AOS)].

It is known that PG is often associated with AOS. However, there have been no reports on long term follow-up of PG associated with AOS. We experienced a case of a 16 year old female who suffered from PG and AOS. The onset of both diseases occurred at the same time. On admission, many pustules and ulcers were found on the extremities. There was no finding of vasculitis in histopathological examinations. Development of skin lesions of PG coincided with the progress of AOS. But, AOS was progressive even when the patient was free of skin eruptions. It was concluded that the activity of PG was not always parallel to that of AOS.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Factors predictive of marked decrease in HDL-C by probucol treatment.

Probucol markedly reduces the LDL-C level in hyperlipidemic patients. However, it also reduces HDL-C which is believed to result in an anti-atherosclerotic effect. Many hyperlipidemic patients treated with Probucol show a marked reduction in the HDL-C level, and administration of the agent to these patients requires proper caution. In this study, factors useful for predicting the reduction in HDL-C were examined in order to be able to predict the problem before actual administration. Probucol (250-750 mg/day) was administered to 30 patients with type II hypercholesterolemia. Among them, 23 patients showed a decrease greater than 20% in the HDL-C level after administration. To evaluate the factors which permit identification of this group, linear descriminant function analysis was performed using 12 pre-administration lipid levels. The analysis indicated that the Apo A-I/HDL-C ratio before Probucol has the greatest predictive value (F = 17.8, P less than 0.01) of all the parameters, and that the HDL-C level is reduced by 20% or more by Probucol administration when this ratio is 5.3 or less.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical evaluations of ofloxacin in the treatment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in adults].

We studied the clinical efficacy of ofloxacin (OFLX) in the treatment of 13 cases of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. OFLX was given to each patient orally at 200 mg/dose, 3 doses daily. One case was excluded because of a side effect i.e., nausea. In 12 evaluable cases, the clinical efficacy rate was 100% i.e., excellent in 7, good in 5. OFLX is one of the useful drugs in the treatment of M. pneumoniae pneumonia.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

[Statistical studies on bacteria isolated from urinary tract infections(report 5)].

We examined bacteria isolated from urine of patients in our urological department from 1985 through 1987. A total of 2,566 strains were isolated from outpatients. They were 834 strains of gram-positive coccus (32.5%). E. coli (20.8%) was isolated most frequently, followed by Proteus sp. (12.6%), Enterococcus (9.6%), P. aeruginosa (6.7%), S. epidermidis (5.5%), and K. pneumoniae (3.7%) and others. A total of 784 strains were isolated from inpatients. They were 313 strains of gram-positive coccus (39.9%). Enterococcus (22.6%) was isolated most frequently, followed by P. aeruginosa (10.1%), S. marcescens (9.7%), E. coli (8.2%), S. epidermidis (7.9%), and K. pneumoniae (4.3%) and others. Gram-positive bacterium occupied a larger proportion of the total-isolates from both outpatients and inpatients, than in our previous examination. Fewer P. aeruginosa and Enterococcus were isolated from outpatients, and fewer P. aeruginosa from inpatients than previously. More S. marcescens were isolated from inpatients than previously. S. marcescens, E. cloacae, C. freundii, S. epidermidis, and S. aureus all isolated from outpatients showed a higher sensitivity to all drugs we tested than those isolated from inpatients.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1990

Effects of polysulfated glycosaminoglycans obtained from bovine lung tissue on hypercholesterolemic rabbits.

Sixteen rabbits were fed a 1% cholesterol diet with an intraperitoneal injection of saline (n = 8) (cholesterol-diet group), or 50 mg glycosaminoglycans-polysulfate (GAG-PS) (n = 8) (GAG-PS group). After 10 weeks all rabbits were sacrificed and studied. Eight rabbits on a standard diet with an intraperitoneal injection of saline (n = 8) (standard-diet group) were processed in the same manner. After 10-weeks of feeding, the plasma total cholesterol of the GAG-PS group was significantly lower than that of lower than that of the control group (P less than 0.02). The VLDL cholesterol of the GAG-PS group was also significantly lower than that of the cholesterol-diet group. There were no differences in LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol or plasma triglycerides between the groups. Total lipoprotein lipase activity (T-LPL) (LPL + HTGL) of the GAG-PS group at 10 weeks was higher than that of the cholesterol-diet group. These elevated T-LPL levels were mainly due to an increase in the LPL from peripheral tissues. ADP-induced platelet aggregability of the GAG-PS group significantly decreased at 10 weeks when compared to the cholesterol-diet group, and antithrombin-III activity of the GAG-PS group was inversely increased when compared to the cholesterol-diet group. Although there were no differences in aortic levels of total cholesterol and uronic acid between the GAG-PS group and the cholesterol-diet group, the surface involvement of the aorta in the GAG-PS group was significantly lower than that in the cholesterol-diet group. The aortic levels of free cholesterol, hydroxyproline and calcium of the GAG-PS group were significantly decreased when compared to the cholesterol-diet group. These findings suggest that GAG-PS has antiatherosclerotic effects.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Enhancing effect of human monocytic colony-stimulating factor on monocyte tumoricidal activity.

Human monocytic colony-stimulating factor (hM-CSF) enhances several effector functions of human peripheral blood monocytes. In this study, we investigated the effect of the Mr 85,000 form of hM-CSF on the tumoricidal activity of human monocytes against several leukemic cell lines using a 12-h chromium release assay. Human peripheral blood monocytes preincubated with hM-CSF for 48 h showed more effective killing activity towards K562, U937, Daudi, and HL60 cells as compared with the cells preincubated with medium alone. Maximal enhancement of the tumoricidal activity was achieved by hM-CSF at concentrations of 50-100 ng/ml. A trace amount of lipopolysaccharide contained in the hM-CSF did not seem to contribute to the enhancing effect, as the addition of a lipopolysaccharide-neutralizing agent, polymyxin B, to the preincubation mixture did not reduce this effect. Anti-tumor necrosis factor antiserum partially blocked the tumoricidal activity mediated by hM-CSF, indicating that tumor necrosis factor may participate in the hM-CSF-mediated increase of monocyte tumor cell-killing activity. These results suggest that in addition to other monocyte-activating factors, hM-CSF augments monocyte tumoricidal activity against a wide spectrum of tumor targets.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1989

Comparison of serum lipid values in variant angina pectoris and fixed coronary artery disease with normal subjects.

Lipid and apolipoprotein (apo) levels in patients with variant angina were examined and compared with patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and normal subjects (control). Cholesterol and triglyceride levels in plasma, lipoprotein fractions and several apolipoproteins were measured in 108 men (90 of whom had undergone coronary angiography): 22 had variant angina, 56 had fixed CAD (effort angina and old myocardial infarction) and 30 were normal subjects. Patients with variant angina showed more severe atherosclerotic lesions than the control group, but less severe lesions than the patients with fixed CAD. In comparison with lipid and apolipoprotein, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, apo AI and apo AII decreased significantly in control, variant angina and fixed CAD groups, respectively. Additionally, stepwise discriminant analysis revealed that apo AI was the best discriminator among the 3 groups or between variant angina or fixed CAD and the control group. Variant angina and fixed CAD patients could be discriminated from the control subjects by an apo AI level of 135 and 126 mg/dl, with 71% (p less than 0.025) and 73% (p less than 0.005) accuracy, respectively. By these criteria 77% of the patients with variant angina and 73% of the patients with fixed CAD were precisely discriminated. Discrimination between variant angina and fixed CAD patients, however, was not practical, even if the best discriminator was used. Thus, the apo AI level is useful in discriminating patients with variant angina and fixed CAD from normal subjects. Therefore, symptomatic patients with low apo AI levels should be aggressively examined.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Mode of [14C] 2-deoxy-D-glucose uptake into retrosplenial cortex and other memory-related structures of the monkey during a delayed response.

Physiological studies on the monkey retrosplenial (RS) cortex have been few, and its functional role remains to be investigated. In the present study, activity of the RS cortex was investigated using radioactive 2-DG while the monkey was performing a visual tracking task with a delay (a delayed-response task) for 45 minutes. A remarkable increase in 2-DG uptake was observed equally in the left as well as in the right RS cortex. The anterior nucleus of the thalamus also showed increased 2-DG uptake. In addition, other memory-related structures (prefrontal cortex, dorsomedial nucleus of the thalamus, amygdala and hippocampus) showed a similar increase in 2-DG uptake compared to control monkeys, though their respective absolute values were different from one another. Since the RS cortex receives afferents from the anterior nucleus of the thalamus, which is one of the main nuclei of the Papez circuit, it is assumed that the RS cortex is important in memory function. Therefore, the remarkable increase in 2-DG uptake in the present study could reflect some aspects of memory or learning processes required to perform the delayed response.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Selective and sensitive determination of an antiallergic agent, emedastine difumarate (KG-2413), in human plasma by the radioreceptor assay combined with a high-performance liquid chromatography].

The selective and sensitive method for the determination of a new antiallergic agent, 1-(2-ethoxyethyl)-2-(hexahydro-4-methyl-1H-1,4-diazepin-1-yl)-1H-b enzimidazole difumarate (emedastine difumarate, KG-2413), in the human plasma has been developed. Emedastine was determined by the receptor assay after the separation from its metabolites by the use of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This combined method (HPLC-radioreceptor assay (RRA) method) allowed us the quantification only of 0.3 ng/ml of emedastine in the human plasma. The intra-assay coefficients of variation for the determination were below 12%. Furthermore, the total pharmacologically active metabolites, including unchanged emedastine, was determined by the extraction of the unconjugated metabolites in the human plasma with chloroform followed by the receptor assay (RRA method). The human plasma concentrations measured by the HPLC-RRA method were in good agreement with those by the RRA method. These results suggested that in human pharmacological activities occurred by unchanged emedastine itself.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Cross-reactivities of active metabolites in the radioreceptor assay of an antiallergic agent, 1-(2-ethoxyethyl)-2-(hexahydro-4-methyl-1H-1,4-diazepin-1-yl)- 1H-benzimidazole difumarate (KG-2413)].

A new antiallergic agent, 1-(2-ethoxyethyl)-2-(hexahydro-4-methyl-1H-1,4-diazepin-1-yl)-1H- benzimidazole difumarate (KG-2413), was orally administered to guinea pigs at a dose of 2 mg/kg. The drug levels in the plasma measured by the radioreceptor assay (RRA) method were significantly higher by 7% than those by the gas chromatographic (GC) method which was selective for the intact drug. Among the metabolites of KG-2413, 1-(2-ethoxyethyl)-2-(hexahydro-1H-1,4-diazepin-1-yl)- 1H-benzimidazole (desmethyl metabolite) and 1-(2-ethoxyethyl)-5-hydroxy-2-(hexahydro-4-methyl-1H-1,4-diazepin- 1-yl)-1H- benzimidazole (5-hydroxy metabolite) had relatively high cross-reactivities of 29% and 21%, respectively, on the RRA method. However, the 5-hydroxy metabolite was not extracted with benzene under strongly basic conditions on the extraction procedure carried out prior to the receptor assay. Therefore, it was suggested that the desmethyl metabolite might affect the RRA method. In order to determine the amount of the desmethyl metabolite in the plasma, a high-performance liquid chromatographic method was established to determine the dansyl derivative of the desmethyl metabolite. By using this method, it was found that the desmethyl metabolite corresponding to 21-32% of the intact drug was present in the plasma after oral administration of KG-2413 at a dose of 2 mg/kg. Taking account of the cross-reactivity (29%) and extraction ratio (83%) of the desmethyl metabolite, this active metabolite affects the RRA method to give 5.1-7.7% overestimation of the intact drug concentration.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Immunopharmacological studies on TBX, a new antiallergic drug (4). Effects on type II to IV allergic reactions and immunological functions in animal models.

The effects of 9-methyl-3-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one potassium salt (TBX) on type II to IV allergic reactions and immunological functions were investigated in animal models. Types II to IV allergic reactions in rodents were unaffected in vivo by TBX, even at higher doses than those capable of completely inhibiting the type I allergic reaction. However, both complement-mediated hemolysis via the classical pathway and hypotonic shock-induced hemolysis were slightly inhibited in vitro only by a high concentration of the drug (10(-4) g/ml). In the mouse system, TBX had no ability to suppress anti-hapten IgE antibody formation as well as hemagglutinin formation and to inhibit the proliferation of spleen cells induced by non-specific T and B cell mitogens. The results obtained indicate that TBX is an antiallergic drug essentially devoid of inhibitory actions on types II to IV allergic reactions and immunological functions, thus indicating that it is a specific inhibitor of type I allergic reactions.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Detection of papilloma virus in the cervix of the human uterus by in situ hybridization--Comparative study of detection rate by Southern blot method].

Cases found to be positive for human papilloma virus (HPV) infection in the cervix by Southern blot method were evaluated with a newly developed kit for in situ HPV tissue hybridization. By the in situ hybridization method, HPV-DNA was detected without damaging the tissue structure. It appeared as purple or black stains in the nucleus of the epithelial cells that were located at the level of one-third of the epithelial thickness from the surface. The cases that were negative with the Southern blot method were also negative with the in situ hybridization method, but only 55.8% of the cases positive with the Southern blot method were positive with the in situ hybridization. Although in situ hybridization method is not as sensitive as the Southern blot method, it allows analysis of old paraffin blocks and comparison with pathological features.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Detection of HPV-DNA in the various uterocervical lesions by in situ hybridization].

We detected HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) -DNA in various uterocervical lesions by in situ hybridization using biotinylated DNA probes. In cases positive for HPV, the nuclei of the epithelial cells was purple to blackish purple. In 2 of 6 cases of chronic cervicitis, HPV-DNA was detected in the outer layer of the squamous epithelium. Eleven of 19 with mild dysplasia (57.9%) showed a positive reaction in the upper one-third of the epidermis in a mainly consisting of koilocytotic cells. All 6 patients with moderate dysplasia had positive cells among the koilocytotic cells and atypical cells in the middle layer. Five of 11 patients with severe dysplasia had scattered positive cells. Two of them had atypical condylomatoid lesions. Eight of 32 patients with squamous cell carcinoma were positive for HPV-DNA, but there was no consistent distribution pattern of the positive cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Effectiveness of the bidirectional Glenn shunt for the univentricular heart].

Two cases underwent a modified Fontan operation with simultaneous superior vena cava-right pulmonary artery end-to-side anastomosis, which we called "bidirectional Glenn shunt". This anastomosis seems to be so effective for reduction of right arterial volume loading, and could proved life-saving in the case with the acute obstruction at the site of the right atriopulmonary artery anastomosis immediately after surgery.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗