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Biomedical subjects

T Kasai

Publications and source records attributed to T Kasai.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Extracorporeal lung assist for patient with hypercapnia due to status asthmaticus.

A 62-year-old female was brought to our emergency room in status asthmatics. She needed mechanical ventilation because of hypercapnia. However, effective mechanical ventilation was difficult because of severe airflow obstruction. Instead of conventional mechanical ventilation, we used extracorporeal lung assist (ECLA) to prevent barotrauma and lung tissue damage, and to reduce the doses of sedatives and muscle relaxants needed.

Asthma↗
PubMed1988

Cytocidal effects of hematoporphyrin derivative and argon dye laser on human gynecologic tumor cells in vitro.

Antitumor effects of hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD) plus argon dye laser were examined using various human gynecologic tumor cells in vitro. Irradiation alone with argon dye laser showed no effect on the DNA synthesis of cells. Treatment of the cells with HpD inhibited the DNA synthesis depending on the concentration and the exposure time. Photoradiation by argon dye laser following treatment of the cells with HpD 40 micrograms/ml for 2 h killed more than 80% of cells when the cells were irradiated for more than 3 min. Prominent degenerative changes of the cytoplasm and the nucleus appeared within 1 h after photoradiation. These changes were confirmed by morphology and DNA histogram. There were no differences of sensitivity to photoradiation among the three histologically different kinds of cells lines used.

Cell Survival↗
PubMed1988

Transcriptional differences of the human papillomavirus type 16 genome between precancerous lesions and invasive carcinomas.

Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) genome DNA and its transcripts in biopsied cervical neoplasias were analyzed by simultaneous extraction of DNA and RNA from one biopsied sample. Southern blot analysis revealed that 5 of 20 cervical intraepithelial neoplasias (CINs) contained HPV16 DNAs existing primarily as episomes and two of seven invasive carcinomas harbored HPV16 genome sequences integrated into the host DNA. Northern (RNA) blot analysis showed that the HPV16 genome sequences were transcriptionally active in the five CINs, as well as in the two invasive carcinomas. The pattern of HPV16-specific transcripts in the CINs was uniform, and the major transcripts were 4.2, 2.2, 1.6, and 1.4 kilobases in size. However, the pattern of HPV16-specific transcripts in the invasive carcinomas was variable and different from that in CINs, suggesting that the alteration of transcriptional pattern might play a key role in the development of malignancy.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical evaluation of combination therapy with Fortimicin and Cefotax in the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections].

Clinical efficacy of combination therapy using Fortimicin (ASTM) and Cefotax (CTX) was studied in 63 patients with complicated urinary tract infections. The patients received 200 mg of ASTM i.m. and 1 g of CTX i.v. twice a day. The overall clinical efficacy of the treatment was evaluated by criteria proposed by the Japanese UTI Committee. The overall clinical efficacy rate was 68.3%. The rate was 67.3% in the patients with single bacterial infection and 72.7% in those with mixed infections. Subjective side effects were observed in one of the patients. Drug related aggravation in laboratory tests was observed in 8 items in 8 patients, but these were mild changes. We concluded that combination therapy with ASTM and CTX was useful for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Unruptured intracranial aneurysms associated with vascular disorder of the vertebro-basilar system: report of five cases].

Among fifty-two angiographically examined patients of vertebro-basilar disorder, incidental intracranial aneurysms were found in five cases. These were four males and a female, ages ranging from 42-67 year old. Vertebro-basilar disorders were ischemic origin in three cases and hemorrhage in two cases. Locations of incidental aneurysms were the internal carotid artery, middle cerebral artery, anterior communicating artery and basilar artery. They were multiple in three cases. They were operated on radically, except one case whose status seemed to be untolerable to the operation. Intervals between strokes and operations were 51-81 days. In spite of successful operation, mild to moderate disturbances of consciousness appeared in three cases. In two cases they were subsided in a week, but in one case it persisted for two months. Fortunately, final results in all operative cases were good. These transient deterioration of consciousness level might probably be ascribed to vertebro-basilar insufficiency once subsided but resumed due to the operative affections. Through a small experience of four cases, three points would be discussed to prevent such hazards. 1) Extreme systemic hypotension as well as hypertension should be avoided during operation. 2) GOF might be an anesthesia of choice in such cases. 3) Operation should be favorably waited for more than six months after the ictus.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Detection of human papillomavirus type 16 DNA and evidence for integration into the cell DNA in cervical dysplasia.

The presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 DNA in biopsies from precancerous lesions and from early lesions of human cervical cancer, and the integration of virus DNA into host cell DNA were analysed by dot blot and Southern blot hybridizations. HPV 16 DNA was detected in 23% of mild dysplasias, 32% of moderate dysplasias, 55% of severe dysplasias and 62% of carcinomas in situ by dot blot hybridization. Digestion of the DNA with restriction enzymes PstI and BamHI followed by Southern blot analysis revealed the presence of some typical restriction fragments of HPV 16 DNA in most virus-positive samples. In addition, we detected submolar fragments which might represent virus-cell junction sequences in 86% of dysplasias, suggesting that the integration of HPV 16 DNA could occur in the precancerous stage.

Carcinoma in Situ↗
PubMed1986

Detection of human papillomavirus DNA in genital warts, cervical dysplasias and neoplasias.

Biopsies from human genital lesions in Japan (108 samples), including condyloma acuminata, squamous metaplasia, dysplasia, and cervical cancer, were screened for the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) 6-, 11-, 16-, and 18-related DNAs by spot hybridization and Southern blot hybridization under stringent conditions. By spot hybridization, HPV 6/11-related DNA was found in 92.9% (13/14) of condyloma acuminata and in 6.7% (1/15) of cervical cancer biopsies. HPV 16/18-related DNA was found in 37.7% (5/14) of cervical cancer biopsies and was exclusively associated with invasive squamous cell cancer, 66.7% (8/12), and with cervical carcinoma in situ, 50% (9/18). Some sample DNAs were further characterized by restriction enzyme digestion followed by Southern blot analysis, and we confirmed the presence of HPV-specific DNA fragments and mixed infection with both HPV 6/11- and HPV 16/18-related HPVs in one lesion.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

EMG-reaction time of the biceps brachii in bilateral simultaneous motions.

EMG-RTs of the biceps brachii muscles were measured using electromyogram (EMG) in elbow flexion and forearm supination on 18 right-and 24 left-handed subjects for four tasks, flexion or supination (symmetrical) and flexion of one and supination of the other side (asymmetrical). For both subject groups, the EMG-RTs of flexion for both hands were not prolonged under asymmetrical tasks, but the EMG-RTs of supination were significantly prolonged on both sides. Comparing the coefficients of determination of the EMG-RTs of flexion to those of supination under four different tasks, those of the preferred hand for symmetrical and asymmetrical motions did not differ, but those of the nonpreferred side for asymmetrical motions were smaller than those for symmetrical motions in both subjects. These observations indicated prolongation of EMG-RT on the asymmetrical task was larger on supination than on flexion. It was suggested that the influence of strong timing constraints was greater on the auxiliary function than on the innate function of the biceps (elbow flexor). The steadiness of motor function of the preferred hand was also discussed in regard to hand preference.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Reexamination of canavanine disappearance during germination of alfalfa (Medicago sativa).

It was proved that the canavanine present during germination of alfalfa both in the dark and in the light does not decrease and in fact increases a little, despite earlier papers having described the disappearance of canavanine during germination of alfalfa. The presence of canavanine in alfalfa sprouts was confirmed by isolation and comparison with an authentic specimen. Deaminocanavanine was also isolated from both seeds and sprouts of alfalfa, but it is not clear whether this canavanine derivative is a natural product or an artifact formed from canavanine during isolation procedures.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1986

[Cognition of binary-event-sequences: its relation to the sequential attributes].

Sixty subjects were asked to evaluate the degree of similarity among 15 binary-event-sequences which were generated through the Bernoulli process. The averaged similarity matrix of 50 subjects (ten omitted) was analysed by the Hayashi's Quantification Method IV, and the dimensions yielded were compared with the theoretically derived dimensions for the operational interpretation. The result showed that the run structure--the number of runs and the length of the longest run--and the number of one event in a sequence were the important attributes in cognition of binary-event-sequences. These attributes were most frequently employed by subjects, although other attributes and their combinations may be relevant. It was pointed out that the general tendency of judgments, i.e., dependence on the spatial and visual aspects of given sequences, proved subjects' inattention to the characteristics of the probabilistic generation process of sequences.

Cognition↗
PubMed1986

The antibacterial activity of ticarcillin/clavulanic acid (BRL28500) against ticarcillin-resistant bacteria.

The efficacy of BRL28500, a formulation of ticarcillin (TIPC, 15 parts) and clavulanic acid (CVA, 1 part), against TIPC-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae was studied both in vitro and in vivo. The MICs of BRL28500 against these beta-lactamase producing strains were lower than those of TIPC or CVA alone against such strains. When BRL28500 was added during the logarithmic growth phase of bacteria at a concentration equivalent to the MIC, it demonstrated marked lytic activity. Cells treated with BRL28500 underwent morphological change, becoming filament-like, similar to those treated with TIPC alone. With CVA alone at concentrations above the MIC the cells assumed a stable round form. In bacterial cultures of the beta-lactamase-producing strains, TIPC was protected from hydrolysis by the presence of CVA. The in vivo activity of BRL28500 against experimental infections in mice caused by beta-lactamase-producing strains of bacteria was superior to that of TIPC alone. TIPC and CVA were found to be well distributed in peritoneal fluid following subcutaneous administration of BRL28500 into mice with peritoneal infections. The residual TIPC concentrations achieved were higher than when TIPC alone was administered. These results suggest that BRL28500 will be effective in the treatment of human infections due to TIPC-resistant bacteria.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Clinical studies on photoradiation therapy with hematoporphyrin derivatives (HpD) and argon dye laser].

Photoradiation therapy (PRT), in which hematoporphyrin derivatives (HpD) are activated by an argon-dye laser, was performed on superficial or subcutaneous tumors in 4 vulvar carcinoma, 1 vaginal carcinoma, 1 invasive cervical carcinoma and 8 carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the uterine cervix. In PRT with intravenous administration of HpD, PRT obtained complete response (CR) in one vaginal carcinoma with follow up to 6 months. Histological examination, 7 days after PRT, revealed swelling and edema of the tumor, showing degenerated cells with pyknotic nuclei or weakly stained, swollen nuclei. In PRT with local injection or local attachment of HpD, performed on 9 cervical carcinoma, PRT obtained CR in 2 CIS and PR in 7 carcinoma. A side effect with PRT was found in a patient who received intravenous administration of HpD. All patients who received PRT with local administration of HpD were free of side effects. PRT could be used as a primary treatment or upon tumor recurrence following conventional modalities such as surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy. In carrying out PRT, selection of patients and improvement of photosensitizing agents and laser equipment were most important.

Adult↗