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Biomedical subjects

T Harada

Publications and source records attributed to T Harada.

At least 865 records · Page 48Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Effect of oxybutynin on lower urinary tract function].

The effect of oxybutynin on lower urinary tract function was studied by combined recording of cystometry and sphincter electromyogram (EMG) in 7 decerebrate dogs. Micturition was induced by bladder filling before and after oxybutynin. The statistical analysis was carried out on the urodynamic parameters. Oxybutynin at a dose of 30, 100, and 300 micrograms/kg significantly increased the threshold volume during the collecting phase in a dose dependent manner. In the urodynamic parameters of the emptying phase considered to be influenced by cholinergic activity there was a small but significant decrease in maximum pressure only at 300 micrograms/kg. Therefore, oxybutynin is probably acting as a strong antispasmodic agent. Oxybutynin seems to be useful for the relief of symptoms associated with detrusor instability and hyperreflexia.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[A case of abdominal aneurysm accompanied by an aneurysm of left subclavian artery].

The case was a 62-year-old man. Two years ago under a diagnosis of aneurysm of the left subclavian artery he received: Ligation of aneurysm, aneurysmorrhaphy and extra anatomic bypass grafting from right axillary artery to left axillary artery. This time we palpated a pulsatile mass on his abdomen and performed replacement of abdominal aorta by Y shaped prosthesis following a diagnosis of abdominal aneurysm. In recent years population of advanced age have been increasing and arteriosclerotic diseases including aneurysm are also remarkably increasing. In the future we think that cases of multiple aneurysms such as this one will increase. In Japan we collected fifty cases of aneurysm of the subclavian artery including our case. In this paper we reviewed those cases and discussed the diagnosis and treatment of aneurysm of subclavian artery and multiple aneurysms.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1988

An immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study of an unusual case of multiple non-X histiocytoma.

An immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study of an atypical case of multiple non-X histiocytoma was done. There was involvement of the skin, lungs, and liver in a 3-month-old male infant. Microscopic examination of the cutaneous tumors revealed a dense infiltration of cells with polymorphous large nuclei and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm in the entire dermis. Both immunohistochemical and electron microscopic studies suggested that the tumors were non-X histiocytomas. The patient's condition deteriorated with dyspnea due to rapid enlargement of tumor masses in the liver and lungs. However, at 5 months of age, the cutaneous nodules and pulmonary and hepatic lesions showed a tendency to involute. Furthermore, at 12 months of age, they were no longer detectable. The patient at 24 months of age was well with normal development. To date, no recurrence of the disease has been observed.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1987

Ferritin selectively suppresses delayed-type hypersensitivity responses at induction or effector phase.

The effect of ferritin on the delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response and Arthus-type reaction as assessed by footpad reaction using methylated human serum albumin, human serum albumin, or sheep red blood cells as antigens was investigated. Intraperitoneally administered ferritin was short acting and suppressed either induction or expression of DTH depending on the time of ferritin injection although it did not inhibit the antibody-mediated inflammatory response, the Arthus reaction. Investigation of ferritin's effect on the primary antibody response revealed that the number of IgG plaque-forming cells (PFC) was moderately decreased but IgM PFC were not. These results indicate that the afferent limb, ferritin selectively suppresses antigen presentation and/or clonal expansion of effector cells of cell-mediated immunity, but not that of the antibody response. Antigen presentation by Ia-positive cells and/or lymphokine-responsive inflammatory mononuclear cells at the efferent limb of DTH is suggested to be affected by ferritin. This conclusion is based upon the observations of successful TDTH effector cell transfer from sensitized but ferritin-treated donors and of successful reversal of ferritin-induced suppression of expression of DTH by supplementing normal bone marrow-derived cells containing Ia-positive ones. Thus our in vivo experimental system might be useful for the differential analysis of immunopathological lesions such as a T-cell-mediated, monocyte-dependent and an antibody-mediated inflammatory lesions.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Induction of granulopoiesis of mastocytoma cells: ultrastructural and cytochemical studies on production of serotonin in a cultured mouse mastocytoma cell line.

Electron microscopic observations of an originally established mouse mastocytoma cell line (BSP-MST-2) revealed that the cytoplasm of many of the MST-2 cells contained small and low osmiophilic granules and a few mature electron-dense granules. Fluorescent- and immuno-histochemical examinations also suggested the immaturity of granules as the cytoplasmic reaction for serotonin (5-HT) was weak. Induction of further maturation of granules was investigated by administration of various chemical agents. Among the chemicals examined, sodium butyrate and hydrocortisone were effective. In the presence of 1 mM sodium butyrate for 24 h, the cytoplasmic granules contained an abundant dense matrix. MST-2 cells incubated with hydrocortisone at 5 micrograms/ml for 24 h showed a somewhat different granulopoietic pattern from those incubated with sodium butyrate, including numerous electron-dense progranules. Fluorescent- and immuno-histochemical studies showed increased reactions of cytoplasmic 5-HT of both butyrate- and hydrocortisone-treated MST-2 cells. The specificity of these morphological and cytochemical changes was confirmed by treatment with reserpine, a drug which depletes cellular 5-HT; electron-dense materials were virtually diminished and cytochemical reactions were significantly decreased. The mode of induced production of 5-HT in mastocytoma granules is discussed, in relation to mastocyte differentiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Role of the pelvic nerve in the dynamics of micturition in the decerebrate dog as determined by suprapubic endoscopical and urodynamic evaluation.

The role of the pelvic nerves on the dynamics of micturition was evaluated in 13 decerebrate dogs, four male and nine female, by direct observation of bladder movement, by suprapubic cystoscopic observation of urethral behavior, and by pressure flow EMG studies. Experiments were performed before and after unilateral pelvic nerve transection. In control conditions and after unilateral pelvic nerve transection, the bladder neck was not tightly closed during the collecting phase, the membranous portion of the urethra opened and closed spasmodically during the emptying phase, and reflex micturition developed. Direct observation showed that after unilateral pelvic nerve transection, the ipsilateral bladder did not contract. A pressure flow EMG study showed that unilateral pelvic nerve transection produced a significant increase in threshold volume, threshold pressure, bladder compliance and residual volume, and a significant decrease in contraction pressure and flow rate. The present study shows that unilateral pelvic nerve transection has no demonstrable effect on urethral function, but has effects on bladder function during the collecting and emptying phases and that bladder innervation is unilateral in the dog.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Transcystoscopic intracavitary irradiation for carcinoma of the bladder: technique and preliminary clinical results.

A remote controlled transcystoscopic intracavitary after-loading unit is introduced for irradiation therapy of bladder carcinoma. With intense radiation therapy a significant dose can be delivered to the tumor during a short interval. We treated 12 patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder using transcystoscopic intracavitary irradiation. Of the patients 9 initially had a complete response, although within several months 3 subsequently had recurrence in a different part of the bladder. Technical difficulties and severe complications were not encountered. The preliminary results and technique of transcystoscopic intracavitary irradiation are reported.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Current treatment of Graves' disease.

In this review we have described the rationale for the appropriate treatment of patients with Graves' disease. Because the etiology of this disorder remains obscure, its management remains controversial. Since antithyroid drugs and radioiodine became readily available in the early 1950s, they have been widely used for the treatment of thyrotoxicosis, and the number of cases treated surgically has markedly decreased. However, almost four decades of experience have disclosed an unexpectedly high incidence of delayed hypothyroidism after radioiodine treatment and a low remission rate after antithyroid therapy. As a result, surgery is again being advocated as the treatment of choice. The three modalities of treatment have different advantages and disadvantages, and selection of treatment is of importance. In principle, we believe that for most patients a subtotal thyroidectomy should be performed after the patient has been rendered euthyroid by antithyroid drugs. We attempt to leave a thyroid remnant of 6 to 8 gm.

Antithyroid Agents↗
PubMed1987

Efficacy of a multiple insulin injection regimen in teenagers with insulin-dependent diabetes. Carbohydrate and lipid oxidation measured by continuous indirect calorimetry.

Our study of insulin-dependent diabetic teenagers proved that a multiple insulin injection regimen (MIR) can be an acceptable and effective method of glycemic control. Further, the artificial beta cell can be used to determine insulin requirements for MIR. And finally, continuous indirect calorimetry can be used to assess metabolic control in diabetes.

Adolescent↗