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Biomedical subjects

T Harada

Publications and source records attributed to T Harada.

At least 847 records · Page 47Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Urinary iodide excretion measured with an iodide-selective ion electrode: studies on normal subjects of varying ages and patients with thyroid diseases.

As a part of studies concerning clinical application of the measurement of urinary iodide with an iodide-selective ion electrode, we report here the reference values for the iodide content or concentration in morning spot urine specimens from normal subjects of varying ages and studies with patients with thyroid diseases in Japan. The number distribution of the iodide content or concentration in the morning specimens appeared logarithmic normal in adults, children and infants. Normal ranges found in 95 per cent of populations of healthy subjects were 5.3 to 62.0 mumoles/g Creatinine (Cr) for adults, 5.3 to 42 mumoles/g Cr for children, and 1.9 to 56 microM for infants, respectively. Urinary iodide concentrations in breast-fed infants varied widely compared with those in bottle-fed infants. Mean values were 16.4 microM for breast-fed infants and 8.6 microM for bottle-fed infants, and they were not statistically different. Urine samples from the infants with transient hypothyroidism, who had undergone amniofetography showed extraordinarily high iodide concentrations, even though they were measured at 20th, 29th and 30th days after birth. Although urinary iodide excretion in patients with simple goiter was within normal limits, the mean was statistically lower than that in normal controls (p less than 0.001). Because of the simplicity and rapidity of the electrode method, we strongly recommend it for use in examining iodide excretion in patients with various thyroid diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Incidence and severity of ventricular arrhythmia in patients after repair of tetralogy of Fallot.

To evaluate the incidence and severity of ventricular arrhythmias (VA) in a large group of patients who underwent corrective surgery for tetralogy of Fallot (TF) more than 4 years previously (mean age at surgery: 6 years 5 months), cardiac catheterization and cineangiography as well as 24 hour ambulatory Holter electrocardiography (HE) were performed in 45 patients. Fifteen (33%) of the 45 patients had VA of Lown grade 2 or greater. Patients with VA (group I) were found to be significantly older at surgery than patients without VA (group II) (p less than 0.05). There were no significant differences in the ratio of postoperative right and left ventricular systolic pressures (RVSP/LVSP), and also right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) between the 2 groups. As far as we know, none of our patients has suffered a sudden late death after repair of TF. Still, the overall incidence of VA was significantly high.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Interaction of bacteria with the immune system of Waldeyer's ring in otitis media with effusion.

An in vitro assay was used to study the adherence of Haemophilus influenzae (HI) to human nasal, nasopharyngeal, and buccal mucosal cells from patients with otitis media with effusion (OME). Adherence of unencapsulated HI was stronger than that of type b HI. HI adherence to both nasal and nasopharyngeal mucosal cells is stronger than that of buccal ones, indicating the presence of an important route of HI infection from the nose to the nasopharynx in OME. Specific antibodies against outer membrane vesicles (OMV) of HI were also examined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. No significant correlation could be observed between specific secretory IgA or IgG titers and HI adherence to the nasopharyngeal mucosal cells, which suggests that HI adherence to the mucosal cells seems to depend on various factors including the local immunological defense system in OME patients. Anti-OMV IgA antibody producing cells were identified in the adenoid using the three-step immunoperoxidase method. These results suggest that non-typable strains of HI adhere more readily to epithelial cells and consequently are better suited to colonize the nasopharynx or to cause local infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Long-term observation of postoperative course of habitual tonsillitis.

Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy are among the most frequently held operations in the ENT field. In our hospital, the number of cases of tonsillectomy has been decreasing recently as compared with 10 to 15 years ago. Especially the number of cases under 10 years old has shown a decrease. It is sometimes difficult to decide the indication for tonsillectomy even for habitual tonsillitis. In this paper, the post operative course of tonsillectomy with habitual tonsillitis was investigated during 1976 to 1986 using a questionnaire. Answers evaluable were obtained from 207 cases. The efficacy of the operation on sore throats, high temperatures and recurrent colds was very high, but a few cases complained that a foreign sensation of the throat had occurred or worsened after operation. The incidence of nasal allergy gradually increased after tonsillectomy, but further studies may be necessary to decide the exact relationship. Laboratory examinations, such as ASLO, CRP, white blood cell counts, immune complex, C3a and C5a, were not particularly helpful in deciding the indication of tonsillectomy for habitual tonsillitis. In general, it is thought that tonsillectomy is very effective for habitual tonsillitis, but we must be more careful in deciding such an indication.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Sudden deafness and asymptomatic mumps.

Adult patients who had experienced sudden deafness were examined for possible presence of subclinical mumps infection, using a new method of detecting mumps IgM antibody. Three of 53 patients demonstrated a positive reaction, indicating a strong correlation of sudden deafness with recent mumps infection. Mumps vaccination is recommended for those who have one deaf ear, in order to protect the better ear from mumps infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Audiological characteristics of hearing loss following meningitis.

Meningitis is one of the leading causes of acquired sensorineural hearing loss in childhood, and many retrospective and prospective studies and case reports have been published. However, they have seldom discussed the nature of postmeningitic hearing loss from the audiological point of view. This study reports the results of audiological examinations performed on 5 patients suffering from hearing loss following meningitis. Extremely poor word discrimination scores as compared with pure-tone audiograms were common in all 5 cases. Type IV Békésy tracings were observed in 2 cases. Discrepancies between pure-tone audiograms and subjective hearing sensation and between pure-tone audiograms and ABR recordings were noted in 2 cases. These results suggest that varying degrees of retrocochlear involvement complicating the inner ear damage are the audiological characteristics of hearing loss following meningitis.

Audiometry, Evoked Response↗
PubMed1988

[A correlation between the evaluation of assay results of immuno-suppressive substance (IS) in the blood and other parameters in patients with gastric cancer].

This present study has assayed the immuno-suppressive substance (IS) in the blood level at certain definite times in patients with a gastric cancer. Prior to surgery, the positivity of IS was low in Stages I and II but rose rapidly with the advance in stage. Therefore this assay has little meaning as a method for screening the cancer. Two months after operation, a loss in the IS amount occurred, due to the therapeutic treatment that had been initiated, and a state of equilibrium was reached after the third month. This IS withdrawal from the blood was delayed in comparison with other parameters. Further, a mild negative correlation was observed between the IS blood levels and the PPD intracutaneous reaction, which was determined in parallel, while a moderately positive correlation was found between the IS blood levels and the levels of the tissue polypeptide antigen and the alpha 2-globulin in the blood. The determination of the IS blood levels at specific times has been deemed useful and should be done in combination with the evaluation of the other parameters, which have different mechanisms of formation, so as to ascertain the general condition of the cancer patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Diagnosis by recombinant DNA techniques and clinical features of familial amyloid polyneuropathy].

Serum prealbumin variant with a substitution of methionine (Met) for valine (Val) at position 30 is known to be related to Andrade type familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP). Recently, the diagnosis of FAP by recombinant DNA techniques has been established. The DNA diagnosis is based on the fact that a nucleotide substitution responsible for Val-Met change results in formation of new restriction sites for Nsi 1 and Bal 1. We conducted the DNA diagnosis studies of 30 constituents of FAP pedigrees originated from Nagano and Hiroshima Prefectures, and compared the results with clinical features. Clinical features of the patients originated from Ogawa Village area in Nagano Prefecture and from Hiroshima Prefecture showed Andrade type FAP such as polyneuropathy and autonomic nervous disorders. Those of the patients from Iiyama City in Nagano Prefecture showed central nervous involvement such as cerebellar ataxia and/or pyramidal tract signs in addition to the clinical features of Andrade type FAP (Iiyama type). DNA prepared from white blood cells was digested with restriction endonuclease Nsi 1 or Bal 1 and subjected to Southern blot hybridization. The resulting DNA segments were fractionated by agarose gel electrophoresis. The gel was alkalized to convert the double-strand DNA to a single-strand form, which then was absorbed on a nylon membrane filter. The prealbumin cDNA was labelled with 32P as a probe. The probe was hybridized with DNA segments on a filter. The filter was placed on the X-ray film to obtain the autoradiogram.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Changes in monoamine neurotransmitter metabolism in brain ischemia measured by in vivo voltammetry].

A preliminary work with in vivo voltammetry (IVV) in the ischemic brain had been performed by the authors in rats after cardiac arrest, which showed that the IVV system is useful to investigate ischemic brain. In the present report, IVV was applied to ischemic brain by 4-vessel occlusion in rat and changes in dopamine and serotonin metabolism were investigated by measuring peak 2 (3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, DOPAC) and peak 3 (5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, 5-HIAA) in the striatum. The change of cerebral blood flow (CBF) were also assessed by a temperature-controlled thermoelectrical method in the striatum of the same model. The heights of peaks 2 and 3 were significantly increased to 600-900% and 200-300% respectively in the striatum during 30 minutes of 4-vessel occlusion. The increase of each peak was maximum at 10 minutes after occlusion. These changes may reflect that release of monoamine neurotransmitters is increased by the ischemia and outward transport of their metabolites are disturbed. On the other hand, after reperfusion by release of carotid occlusion, the heights of peaks 2 and 3 rapidly decreased below the control values, thereafter, peaks 2 and 3 gradually increased to over control values at 180-210 minutes after reperfusion. rCBF in the striatum decreased to almost 0 ml/100 g/min during 4-vessel occlusion ischemia and increased to over control values transiently for 30 minutes after reperfusion, followed by gradual decrease for about 240 minutes. Since monoamine neurotransmitters are known to have various effects on cerebral metabolism and CBF, their disorders may contribute to the change of CBF and the development of postischemic brain damage.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[The phase IV studies with Estracyt in prostatic cancer].

Both anticancer and adverse reactions of Estracyt were investigated by oral administration to 200 patients with prostatic cancer. Two capsules of Estracyt were given twice a day and the administration was principally continued for more than six months. The 200 patients consisted of 68 and 132 patients who were previously untreated and treated, respectively. Thirty seven cases had been treated only with Estracyt and 132 cases also received other treatments. Seventy-five cases were of primary therapy, 71 cases were of maintenance therapy, and 27 cases were of the re-activated stage therapy and 27 cases were of other categories. In conclusion, among the 190 cases for which the due judgement of the effect was possible, Estracyt was markedly effective in 40 cases (21.1%), effective in 43 cases (22.6%), slightly effective in 38 cases (20.0%) and ineffective in 69 cases (36.3%). Adverse reactions were observed in 67 cases (33.5%), among which the administration was discontinued in 18 cases.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1988

[A case of unusual total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage (supra cardiac type)].

Here we report a case of total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage (TAPVD) appearing in an unusual way with Ib type of Darling's classification. The patient was a five-month old male baby. We found that the left pulmonary vein traveled down and then horizontally behind the heart and flowed into SVC together with right middle, lower pulmonary and right superior anterior pulmonary veins. On the other hand the right superior posterior pulmonary vein flowed into SVC directly. We performed a radical operation on this patient by making an internal conduit using a Gore-Tex patch, but he died of LOS on the 2nd postoperative day. We have reviewed and discussed the preoperative diagnosis, the type of surgical procedures and the prognosis of TAPVD in this paper in the light of our case.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

[Management of short bowel syndrome in infants--experience of adjunctive surgical therapy in three cases].

During the past nine years period, we managed 7 cases with short bowel syndrome resulting from massive intestinal resection in the neonatal period. Six children, aged 2 to 8 years are alive, and one died from cardiomyopathy caused by selenium deficiency at the age of one year. The carbohydrate-free milk was used for initial enteral nutrition, and the result was encouraging in 4 cases. In 3 cases in which residual small bowel varied between 6.5 to 18 cm, the enteral feeding was not incapable. These cases underwent adjunctive surgical therapy. Tailoring jejunoplasty was performed in the first case, and bowel lengthening in the second case. In both cases enteral nutrition was advanced postoperatively. The third patient who had rapid intestinal transit time underwent isoperistaltic colon interposition. Intestinal transit time was increased and enteral nutrition was advanced gradually.

Child↗