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Biomedical subjects

T Endo

Publications and source records attributed to T Endo.

At least 1,045 records · Page 58Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Differential expression and distribution of chicken skeletal- and smooth-muscle-type alpha-actinins during myogenesis in culture.

Antibodies to chicken fast skeletal muscle (pectoralis) alpha-actinin and to smooth muscle (gizzard) alpha-actinin were absorbed with opposite antigens by affinity chromatography, and four antibody fractions were thus obtained: common antibodies reactive with both pectoralis and gizzard alpha-actinins ([C]anti-P alpha-An and [C]anti-G alpha-An), antibody specifically reactive with pectoralis alpha-actinin ([S]anti-P alpha-An), and antibody specifically reactive with gizzard alpha-actinin ([S]anti-G alpha-An). In indirect immunofluorescence microscopy, (C)anti-P alpha-An, (S)anti-P alpha-An, and (C)anti-G alpha-An stained Z bands of skeletal muscle myofibrils, whereas (S)anti-G alpha-An did not. Although (S)anti-G alpha-An and two common antibodies stained smooth muscle cells, (S)anti-P alpha-An did not. We used (S)anti-P alpha-An and (S)anti-G alpha-An for immunofluorescence microscopy to investigate the expression and distribution of skeletal- and smooth-muscle-type alpha-actinins during myogenesis of cultured skeletal muscle cells. Skeletal-muscle-type alpha-actinin was found to be absent from myogenic cells before fusion but present in them after fusion, restricted to Z bodies or Z bands. Smooth-muscle-type alpha-actinin was present diffusely in the cytoplasm and on membrane-associated structures of mononucleated and fused myoblasts, and then confined to membrane-associated structures of myotubes. Immunoblotting and peptide mapping by limited proteolysis support the above results that skeletal-muscle-type alpha-actinin appears at the onset of fusion and that smooth-muscle-type alpha-actinin persists throughout the myogenesis. These results indicate (a) that the timing of expression of skeletal-muscle-type alpha-actinin is under regulation coordination with other major skeletal muscle proteins; (b) that, with respect to expression and distribution, skeletal-muscle-type alpha-actinin is closely related to alpha-actin, whereas smooth-muscle-type alpha-actinin is to gamma- and beta-actins; and (c) that skeletal- and smooth-muscle-type alpha-actinins have complementary distribution and do not co-exist in situ.

Actinin↗
PubMed1984

Antibodies to glycosphingolipids in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Antibodies to one or more glycosphingolipids were detected by means of a liposome lysis assay in the sera of 60/81 patients with multiple sclerosis, 24/42 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and in the majority of patients with cranial trauma or cerebrovascular accidents. Antibodies against ganglioside GM1 and asialo GM1 were found most commonly and they were frequently present in the same sera. Among patients whose sera contained antibodies to glycolipids, anti-GM1 alone occurred more frequently in patients with multiple sclerosis (14/59) than in systemic lupus erythematosus (1/22; p = 0.045) and antiasialo GM1 alone was more common in patients with lupus (9/22) than in patients with multiple sclerosis (8/59, p = 0.007). In 10 sera analyzed, all of the antibodies against these two glycolipids were of the IgM class, and some fluctuation in antibody titers was noted over a three-month period. The role of these antibodies in the initiation or perpetuation of inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system remains to be determined.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1984

The role of alpha and beta adrenergic receptors in constriction and dilation of the systemic capacitance vessels: a study with measurements of the mean circulatory pressure in dogs.

The response of the mean circulatory pressure (MCP), an index of the tone of the systemic capacitance vessels, to the infusion of an alpha-adrenergic receptor stimulant (phenylephrine) and a beta-adrenergic receptor stimulant (isoproterenol) was studied in anesthetized, open-chest dogs. Provided that the blood volume (particularly, extra volume) remains constant, an increase in the MCP indicates an increase in the tone of the capacitance vessels ("venoconstriction") and a decrease in the MCP indicates a decrease in the tone of the capacitance vessels ("venodilation"). It was almost definitely concluded that the stimulation of the alpha-adrenergic receptor led to the increased tone of the systemic capacitance vessels and the stimulation of the beta-adrenergic receptor did not decrease the tone of the systemic capacitance vessels in anesthetized, open-chest dogs, but the stimulation of the beta-adrenergic receptor decreased the tone of the systemic capacitance vessels, when the tone had been previously elevated by angiotensin-II.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1984

Clinical usefulness of intraaortic balloon pumping in acute myocardial infarction complicated with cardiogenic shock, ventricular septal perforation and mitral regurgitation.

UNLABELLED: The effects of intraaortic balloon pumping (IABP) were studied in 91 patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated with cardiogenic shock (75 pts), ventricular septal perforation (VSP) (12 pts), and/or mitral regurgitation (MR) (4 pts). Out of 44 pts with cardiogenic shock in whom IABP was performed, 14 pts could not recover from cardiogenic shock, 6 pts became dependent on IABP and 13 pts survived (29.5%). In contrast, out of the remaining 31 pts with cardiogenic shock who did not undergo IABP because of inability to insert IABP catheter or other reasons and were treated medically, only 3 pts survived (9.7%, p less than 0.05). After the initiation of IABP, BPd, CI, SVI, SWI, TMG increased significantly, and HR, CVP, PCWP, TPR decreased significantly. Comparison of hemodynamic parameters after the initiation of IABP showed that SVI and SWI at 24 hours were higher and CVP lower in survivors. Out of 7 pts with VSP who underwent IABP 2 pts were operated and survived. IN CONCLUSION: short-term mortality in pts with cardiogenic shock was significantly lower in IABP-treated group, hemodynamic parameters improved after IABP, survivors from cardiogenic shock had higher SVI, SWI, BPd, and lower CVP than non-survivors, patients with VSP and MR had worse prognosis in spite of IABP.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

CCU network as primary care of acute myocardial infarction.

The early pre-hospital care of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is critical because of high mortality during acute phase of AMI. A CCU network has been established by the Metropolitan Tokyo CCU Communication Society and the help of the Ambulance Units through the Control Room of the Tokyo Fire Department, performing ECG telephone line transmission and telephone consultation. Out of 1439 patients admitted by means of CCU network during the 8-month period (Jan. 1982-Aug. 1982), 505 (30.3 percent) had AMI as a final cardiac diagnosis. Many patients were admitted directly to the CCU by ambulance from the place where the patient was located, with the shortest overall time of 7 hours 25 minutes. Fifty-three percent of patients with AMI were admitted within 6 hours after the onset of symptoms. The mean patients' decision time was 9 hours 48 minutes, which comprised one half of the overall period as well as physician delay of 6 hours 36 minutes on the average. Thus, community oriented educational programs to more fully inform the population and individual hospital evaluations to hospitalize patients with chest discomfort are needed in order to shorten the decision time and physician delay expediting the care of these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Changes in cerebrospinal fluid volume and cardiovascular functions induced by intraperitoneal injection of hypertonic glucose solution in rats.

The present experiment was undertaken to study the relationship between hemodynamic changes and intracranial hemorrhage induced by intraperitoneal injection of large doses of hypertonic glucose solution in rats. A fifty per cent glucose solution was intraperitoneally injected at a volume of 3.5 ml/100 g b.w. into Wistar rats anesthetized with urethanechloralose. The time span from the start of injection to death was expressed in terms of 100% corrected death time (100% DT) for each rat. Saline that was added to the cerebrospinal fluid in the brain ventricle disappeared gradually from 30% DT up to death. Blood colloid osmotic pressure was slightly elevated temporally 5 minutes (7% DT) after intraperitoneal injection of the glucose solution and returned to the former level 5 minutes later. With regard to hemodynamic changes, a decrease in blood pressure and heart rate began to occur between 5-10% DT. Thereafter, blood pressure and heart rate decreased significantly as compared with the pretreatment period, and the plasma levels of both epinephrine and norepinephrine showed sharply increasing curves as time elapsed after the intraperitoneal injection of the hypertonic glucose solution. It was suggested that the decrease in cerebrospinal fluid and the fall in blood pressure were related to the movement of water from the brain and the flow of body fluid into the hypertonic blood plasma which caused an enlargement of the ventricles due to brain reduction and a change in circulating blood volume. However, questions still remain concerning the mechanisms of the marked increase in plasma catecholamines and bleedings which occurred only in the subarachnoideal space and ventricles.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Chemotherapy of advanced genitourinary carcinoma with cis-diamminedichloroplatinum].

Eighteen patients with advanced genitourinary carcinoma have been treated with cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP) since 1978, at our University Hospital. They were 3 patients with prostatic cancer, 3 patients with bladder cancer, 6 patients with testicular tumors, 5 patients with renal cell carcinoma and 1 patient with malignant pheochromocytoma. Four patients with testicular tumors were administrated CDDP, bleomycin (BLM) and vinblastine (VBL). A testicular tumor patient was given CDDP, vincristine and actinomycin-D, a bladder cancer patient was given CDDP, VBL and Pepleomycin as combined chemotherapy. The remaining 12 patients were treated only with CDDP. Five of the 6 patients with testicular tumor and a case of choriocarcinoma of left kidney showed an objective response. As side effects, bone marrow suppression was inevitable when VBL and BLM were given along with CDDP. Renal dysfunction was seen in 5 patients on whom BVP regimen was employed. Various degrees of nausea and vomiting were present in almost all patients during CDDP administration. The combination chemotherapy with CDDP appears to be effective in nonseminomatous testicular tumor. The effectiveness of CDDP against other genitourinary carcinomas may require further investigation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Effect of 1-(3-chloroanilino)-4-phenylphthalazine (MY-5445), a specific inhibitor of cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase, on human platelet aggregation.

The effects of a novel compound, 1-(3-chloroanilino)-4-phenylphthalazine (MY-5445), on cyclic nucleotide metabolism and in vitro aggregation of human platelets were investigated. The concentrations of MY-5445 producing 50% inhibition of human platelet aggregation induced by 3 microM ADP, 3 micrograms/ml of collagen and 100 micrograms/ml of arachidonic acid were 0.07, 0.02 and 0.17 microM, respectively. Addition of MY-5445 significantly elevated cyclic GMP content in human platelets but had no effect on cyclic AMP content, suggesting that the drug affects principally the cyclic GMP metabolism in the platelet. Although MY-5445 had no effect on either adenylate cyclase or guanylate cyclase activity, it inhibited specifically human platelet cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase which was separated from cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase by diethylaminoethyl-cellulose column chromatography. The inhibitory effect of MY-5445 on cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase was also demonstrated by direct binding of the enzyme to MY-5445 coupled Sepharose, which was a useful tool for purifying the cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase from human platelet. These results would suggest that MY-5445 inhibits human platelet aggregation by increasing cyclic GMP content and that it provides a useful probe for elucidating the role of cyclic GMP in platelet aggregation.

3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases↗
PubMed1984

Immunohistochemical distribution of the antigenic determinants detected by monoclonal antibodies to carcinoembryonic antigen.

By using four distinct monoclonal antibodies to CEA, the molecular profile of which was clarified in our accompanying companion paper, immunohistochemical distribution of the antigenic determinants on both cancerous and noncancerous tissues as well as fetal tissues was studied with the use of the immunoperoxidase method. All of the monoclonal antibodies recognize different antigenic determinants on the tissue section. None of the antibodies stained granulocytes in the peripheral blood or in the normal liver tissues tested. Three of our monoclonal antibodies stained columnar epithelial cells in morphologically normal colonic mucosa; however, monoclonal antibody YK024 did not stain them. This antibody was also found to be unreactive with intestinal metaplasia lesions of the stomach, but reacted with a 16-wk-old fetal stomach as well as with cancerous parts of the colon and of the stomach. Moreover, it was found that this monoclonal antibody mainly reacted with moderately or poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma lesions of the colon and the stomach. Periodic acid treatment in this study, together with trypsin treatment on the antigen as described in our accompanying companion paper, may suggest that this antibody recognizes the carbohydrate antigenic determinant in nature.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

[Changes in grading at bladder tumor recurrence].

Today, transurethral resection to superficial bladder tumors is an important method, although frequent recurrence is a problem. We examined whether the degree of progressiveness could be determined at the time of recurrence and therapeutic manner decided from only the grading. Forty four cases which had recurred over twice and in which grading was changed during recurrence were examined. Recurrence occurred twice in 19 cases, and 3 times in 13 cases. Two patients had the largest number of recurrences, i.e., seven. The patients were divided in 3 groups. The 1st group consisted of 25 cases not worsening in grade from initial and recent transurethral resection-bladder tumor (TUR-Bt). The 2nd group consisted of 9 cases who had progressing grading. The 3rd group consisted of 10 cases who died of carcinoma. In the first group, grading decreased in 17 cases. Eight cases in the 3rd group were grade 4. We found that recurrent cases of bladder tumor did not always progressive, grading, being rather decreased than progressing in group 1. However, most of the grade 4 cases died of carcinoma. In conclusion, recurrent TUR-Bt in low grade bladder tumor patients may not be progressive, but grade 4 cases at recurrence require radical operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Antibodies to glycosphingolipids in patients with multiple sclerosis and SLE.

We used a liposome lysis assay to measure antibodies against a panel of glycolipids. Antibodies to one or more compounds were detected in 34 of 46 patients with multiple sclerosis, 19 of 31 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and in the majority of patients with cranial trauma or cerebrovascular accidents. Antibodies against ganglioside GM1 and asialo GM1 were found most commonly, and they were frequently present in the same sera. The specificity of the antibodies was tested in four sera that contained antibodies to both glycolipids. The anti-GM1 antibodies cross-reacted with asialo GM1, but the converse was not true. Among patients whose sera contained antibodies to glycolipids, anti-asialo GM1 alone was more common in patients with SLE (7 of 17) than in multiple sclerosis (2 of 34; p = 0.004). Anti-GM1 alone was found in 9 of 34 patients with multiple sclerosis and 1 of 17 patients with SLE, a difference that was not statistically significant (0.135). No correlation was observed between the presence of anti-glycolipid antibodies and symptoms related to the nervous system in patients with SLE. Because of our inability to detect these antibodies by a solid phase immunoassay (ELISA), a comparison was made of the titers obtained with three monoclonal anti-glycolipid antibodies in the liposome lysis assay and ELISA. The ELISA was less sensitive in all instances, requiring from four to 1000 times as much antibody as the liposome lysis assay to give a positive test. We conclude that antibodies to glycolipids occur frequently in patients with multiple sclerosis, SLE, major cranial trauma, and cerebrovascular accidents. Their role in the initiation or perpetuation of inflammatory disease of the central nervous system has yet to be determined.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1984

[The factors affecting plasma catecholamines concentration in rats and man].

Rat and human plasma catecholamines were measured simultaneously by HPLC-THI, HPLC-ECD and REA, and the three methods were compared. An attempt was also made to determine the factors affecting the estimated value of plasma catecholamine concentration. Our study showed that: Sensitivity and reproducibility to norepinephrine and epinephrine were identical in all three methods. One advantage of the REA method is that comparatively smaller sample volumes are required to produce similar results. Plasma dopamine concentration in peripheral blood samples was determined by the HPLC-ECD rather than the HPLC-THI method. Withdrawal of 5 ml of blood produced a significant increase in norepinephrine, epinephrine and dopamine in rat plasma. The catecholamine concentration in these cases was determined by the REA method. Plasma norepinephrine concentration did not increase with age in Wistar Kyoto rats. However, plasma norepinephrine concentration increased significantly with age in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). Plasma norepinephrine concentration in male SHRSP was greater than that in female SHRSP. SHRSP-plasma norepinephrine concentrations rose in parallel to increases in blood pressure. The plasma norepinephrine concentration in SHRSP with cerebral hemorrhage rose significantly as compared with the plasma norepinephrine levels in SHRSP without cerebral bleeding. Because each method of determination of plasma catecholamine concentration has both merits and demerits, selection should be determined by sample size and amount of catecholamines in the plasma samples. Factors affecting the estimated value of plasma catecholamine concentration should be taken into consideration.

Animals↗