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T Aoki

Publications and source records attributed to T Aoki.

At least 1,063 records · Page 59Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Relation between selective alveolo-bronchograms and pulmonary function tests in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

We studied the relation between selective alveolo-bronchograms (SAB) and pulmonary function tests in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) other than asthma. The SAB were obtained by the technique reported by Nakamura and coworkers (Tohoku J Exp Med 1969; 99:207). First, the relation between SAB and morphologic findings was examined in 14 autopsy lungs in order to confirm the morphologic bases of the shadows. The ring shadows that appeared in the SAB were histologically identified as alveolar ducts in normal lungs and as destroyed parenchymal air spaces in emphysematous lungs. There was a significant correlation between the mean diameter of ring shadow (DR) and the degree of morphologic emphysema (p less than 0.001). This correlation indicated a significant degree of emphysema when the DR exceeded 900 micron. The irregularity index of the airway in SAB also showed a significant correlation to the grade of pathologic abnormalities in the airways (p less than 0.01). Second, SAB were obtained in 64 patients with COPD in whom pulmonary function tests were performed. In these patients, the DR correlated significantly with most of the pulmonary function tests. This correlation was especially high with transfer factor (DLCO/VA). These 64 patients were divided into 2 groups on the basis of the DR: In Group A, DR was more than 900 micron, whereas in Group B, it was less than 900 micron. In Group A, the DR also showed a significant correlation with DLCO/VA and with diffusing capacity (DLCO); in Group B, significant correlations were found in the irregularity index, especially with regard to pulmonary resistance and the ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second to vital capacity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The determination of blood histamine in asthmatic patients with a simple and sensitive method.

The histamine level of whole blood and plasma in asthmatic patients was estimated by means of a simple, sensitive and specific method, which was developed to measure low histamine levels. This method consists of the following procedures; the partial purification of histamine with a small P-cellulose column; its further purification with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); and fluorometric detection with precolumn o-phthaldehyde (OPT) reaction. The present assay could detect as little as 0.5 ng of histamine concentration. Blood histamine levels in patient with asthmatic attack, 57 +/- 34 ng/ml (mean +/- S.D. N = 14), were significantly different from those in symptom-free period, 37 +/- 15 ng/ml (N = 15) as well as those in normal subjects, 36 +/- 17 ng/ml (N = 12). However, there were no significant differences among plasma histamine levels in normal subjects, 1.6 +/- 1.7 ng/ml (N = 12) and, in asthmatic patients during attacks, 1.6 +/- 1.8 ng/ml (N = 14) and symptom-free periods, 1.6 +/- 1.7 ng/ml (N = 15). These results indicate that plasma histamine concentration does not increase during asthmatic attacks, even though there was significant increase of blood histamine concentration.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Clonal selection of human T-cell leukemia virus-infected cells in vivo and in vitro.

Human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) subgroup I is associated with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), but in endemic areas a significant percentage of the normal population are also carriers of HTLV. A unique property of HTLV has been its capacity to transform normal human T-cells in vitro. We have examined the state of the HTLV provirus in the leukemic cells of ATL patients, primary cell lines established from these patients and normal seropositive people, and normal T-cells transformed in vitro. We found that, in all cases, the infected cells are monoclonal or oligoclonal. Furthermore, the populations of infected cells of fresh and long-term cultured cell lines from the same leukemic patient appear to be different. We propose that the latter represents normal T-cells transformed in vitro rather than the primary leukemic cells. It is of interest that the T-cells newly infected with HTLV have an in vitro growth advantage over the primary HTLV-containing tumor cells. The results also suggest that clonal selection of infected cells occurs in vitro, resulting in cells that are immortalized and exhibit some characteristics of the primary leukemic cells. However, these cells may be at an earlier phase of transformation as compared to the circulating leukemic cells.

Cell Transformation, Viral↗
PubMed1984

[Dynamic CT scan in cerebral infarction].

Forty-two dynamic CT studies were performed on 27 patients with cerebral infarction (11 to 75 years of age), and perfusion patterns of low density areas on plain CT were evaluated. The initial studies were performed 1.5 hours to 60 days after acute onset. In 14 patients, repeat studies were carried out to know how the perfusion pattern changes with time. All scannings were done on the level which includes anterior horns and trigones of lateral ventricle, thalamus, and internal capsules. CT scanners used were SIEMENS SOMATOM 2 and GE CT/T 8800. Procedures were as follows: 65% amidotrizomeglumin (1 ml/kg) was injected over 5 seconds through 18G needle placed in a antecubital vein. Injection of the contrast media was started with initiation of the second scanning. Totally 8 and 10 serial scans were performed, in SOMATOM 2 and CT/T 8800 respectively. Perfusion pattern is evaluated by comparing two time-density curves obtained from low density area on plain CT and the same region of contralateral side. The following results were obtained. The perfusion pattern in the low density area on plain CT varies among patients at any periods after onset, ranging from absent perfusion pattern to hyperfusion pattern. No consistent perfusion pattern was obtained at any given time after onset. Repeat dynamic CT revealed that the perfusion pattern in the low density area changed with time variously. The perfusion pattern or change of perfusion pattern did not correlate with outcome of the patient.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Ultrastructural studies on synaptic formations in dissociated fetal mouse brain cultures.

Sequential electron microscopic studies of cultures of neurons derived from dissociated fetal mouse brain on the eleventh day of gestation revealed the formation of well-developed synapses during the second and third weeks of growth in vitro. Synaptic junctions were associated with synaptic vesicles nd dense synaptic membranes. Dense-core vesicles were also observed frequently in presynaptic terminals.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Different effects of compound 48/80 and histamine on plasma renin activity.

The effects of subcutaneous injection of compound 48/80 and histamine on the water intake, plasma renin activity (PRA) and plasma histamine levels were investigated in the rat. The results suggest that compound 48/80 and histamine stimulate water intake by different mechanisms. The compound 48/80-induced water intake seems to be mainly mediated by stimulation of the renin-angiotensin system. On the other hand, the histamine-induced water intake seems to be directly mediated by its action in the brain.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Evidence for human T cell lymphoma-leukemia virus infection of family members of human T cell lymphoma-leukemia virus positive T cell leukemia-lymphoma patients.

Sera of family members of patients from the United States, the Caribbean, and Japan, with human T cell lymphoma-leukemia virus (HTLV) associated T cell malignancies, possess HTLV-specific antibodies directed against internal structural components of HTLV, p24 and p19. The prevalence of antibodies to HTLV is greater in family members than in random healthy donors, which supports the infectious nature of HTLV and its association with particular aggressive T cell malignancies. Expression of HTLV p24 and p19 has also been observed in cultured T cells of some healthy relatives, and intact virus particles have been released from cells of one possibly pre-leukemic family member.

Antibodies, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1983

Intraspecies variation in methacholine-stimulated esterase release from mouse submandibular gland.

Esterase release was investigated in male and female submandibular glands of 5 strains of mice (ICR/BR, ND/4BR, SW/BR, DDS/Cox and C57BL/6BR) using dispersed cells prepared by treatment with collagenase and hyaluronidase. The muscarinic-cholinergic agonist methacholine stimulated esterase release in C57BL/6BR, DDS/Cox and SW/BR females and DDS/Cox males in a dose-dependent manner, but did not stimulate esterase release in ICR/BR and ND/4BR strains of both sexes. The percentage release of esterase over control in response to methacholine in females was of the descending order: C57BL/6BR, DDS/Cox, SW/BR, ND/4BR, ICR/BR. There was a close relationship between the percentage release of esterase by methacholine and the esterase activity in homogenate of submandibular gland. The lower the esterase content in the homogenate of mouse submandibular gland, the higher the percentage release of esterase by methacholine stimulation in the dispersed cells.

Animals↗