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Biomedical subjects

T Ando

Publications and source records attributed to T Ando.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Amino acid sequence of pheromone-biosynthesis-activating neuropeptide (PBAN) of the silkworm, Bombyx mori.

We have isolated two distinct pheromone-biosynthesis-activating neuropeptides (PBAN), named PBAN-I and -II, as fully oxidized forms of Met residues from adult heads of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. PBAN-I was identical with the PBAN which we had isolated before. The complete amino acid sequence of PBAN-I, a total of 33 amino acid residues, was determined as H-Leu-Ser-Glu-Asp-Met-Pro-Ala-Thr-Pro-Ala-Asp-Gln-Glu-Met-Tyr-Gln-Pro-As p-Pro- Glu-Glu-Met-Glu-Ser-Arg-Thr-Arg-Tyr-Phe-Ser-Pro-Arg-Leu-NH2. Synthetic PBAN-I after oxidation with H2O2 was chromatographically identical with the isolated PBAN-I. Examination of PBAN activity of synthetic analogues indicated that the carboxyl-terminal portion of PBAN-I was important for biological activity.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

The renal kallikrein-kinin system in renoparenchymal hypertension.

In order to investigate the pathophysiological role of renal kallikrein (KK)-kinin system in renoparenchymal hypertension (RHT), urinary excretion of KK was measured in 15 patients with RHT and compared with that in 16 normotensive subjects (NT). The urinary kininase excretion was also determined in some subjects. KK quantity and activity was measured by direct radioimmunoassay and kininogenase assay, respectively. Kininase activity was determined as a bradykinin-degradating activity. The urinary excretion of KK quantity and activity as well as the fractional excretion of KK were significantly lower in RHT than in NT. Significantly positive correlations were observed between urinary excretion of KK quantity or KK activity and creatinine clearance. The fractional excretion of kininase was significantly higher in RHT than in NT while no significant difference was found in the urinary kininase excretion between these groups. These results suggest that renal KK-kinin system is suppressed not only in the whole kidney but in each nephrone which is still functioning, and the suppression of this system may contribute to the pathophysiology of RHT.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Renal kininases in primary aldosteronism.

In order to further clarify the role of renal kallikrein-kinin (K-K) system in primary aldosteronism (PA), daily urinary excretions of renal K-K system components including kallikrein (KAL), kinin (KIN), total kininase (K-ase), K-ase I, K-ase II and neutral endopeptidase (NEP) were measured in PA and normotensives (NT). In this study, a new method for the simultaneous determination of human urinary K-ase I, II and NEP was established and employed. The daily excretions of KAL was significantly higher in PA than that in NT, while no difference was found in KIN between PA and NT. On the other hand, total K-ase in PA (897 +/- 258 micrograms/min/day) was significantly higher than that in NT (209 +/- 6). NEP was also significantly higher in PA (262 +/- 22 micrograms/min/day) than that in NT (127 +/- 6), whereas there were no differences in K-ase I and K-ase II between PA and NT. The relative contributions of K-ase I, II and NEP to total K-ase in NT were 14, 27 and 59%, while those in PA were 12, 17 and 36%, respectively. As a result, these three K-ase contributed only 64% to the total K-ase in PA. These findings suggested that 1) NEP may play a major role in the catabolism of renal KIN in human, 2) NEP is accelerated in PA, 3) unknown K-ase, different from K-ase I, II or NEP, may exist in PA, and 4) accelerated renal K-ase activity may play some role on the disorder of renal water-sodium metabolism and high blood pressure in PA.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

A sensitive method for differential determination of kininase I, II and neutral endopeptidase (NEP) in human urine.

In order to clarify the significance of NEP in human renal kallikrein-kinin system, an assay system was developed for the simultaneous determination of kininase I, II and NEP activities in human. Each kininase activity was determined by measuring the hydrolysis of bradykinin in the presence of specific inhibitors of kininase I (2-mercaptomethyl-3-guanidinoethylthiopropanoic acid), kininase II (captopril) and NEP (phosphoramidon) in 8 normal subjects. The effects of the different assay buffers on kininase activities were also investigated by using a phosphate buffer. Total kininase, kininase I, II and NEP activities were 499 +/- 65 ng/min/ml (mean +/- S.E.), 55 +/- 8, 141 +/- 21 and 299 +/- 42, respectively in our method using a tris buffer, while a phosphate buffer brought about activities of 358 +/- 43, 45 +/- 5, 156 +/- 21 and 135 +/- 25 ng/min/ml. The relative contributions of kininase I, II and NEP to total kininase activity were 11, 29 and 59% in our assay system, while they were 13, 44 and 35% when a phosphate buffer was used. From these results it was suggested that 1) phosphate may inhibit urinary NEP activity, so that a tris buffer should be used as the incubation buffer, 2) NEP is the major component of human urinary kininases, and 3) NEP may play an important role in the renal kallikrein-kinin system.

Buffers↗
PubMed1989

Localization of neutral endopeptidase in the kidney determined by the stop-flow method.

Recently, the existence of neutral endopeptidase (NEP) as a new kininase in the kidney has been reported. In this study, the localization of NEP in the nephron was investigated and compared with other components of the renal kallikrein-kinin (K-K) system by using a stop-flow method in dog kidneys. The stop-flow method was performed according to the procedures previously reported by Scicli et al and Malvin et al. Five mongrel dogs (weighing 15-20 kg) were used in this study. Kininase I, II and NEP were measured by the modified procedure of Ura et al. Kallikrein and kinin were found in the distal tubules, and kininase I and II were observed in both the distal and proximal tubules. NEP was localized mainly in the proximal tubules. A small peak was also recognized in the distal tubules. From these results, it was suggested that, not only kininase I and II but also NEP existing in the proximal tubules may destroy kinin filtered from the glomeruli, and these kininases existing in the distal tubules may play an important role in connection with kinin producing enzymes on the regulation of activity in the renal kallikrein-kinin system.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Malignant cerebellar astrocytic tumours in children.

The authors reviewed 5 cases of histopathologically verified malignant cerebellar astrocytic tumours (2 anaplastic astrocytomas and 3 glioblastomas) in children admitted to our department. All cases exhibited symptoms and signs of increased intracranial pressure and of a cerebellar lesion. Brain stem symptoms were present in 4 cases. All of the tumours were located in or near the midline of the cerebellum with no large cyst. Surgical removal (70 to 90% removal) of the tumour was performed in 4 cases. In one case only a biopsy was done. Even with subsequent follow-up treatment including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and/or immunotherapy, the course of the disease could not be reversed, and all of the children died 3 to 13 months (mean 7 months) after admission due to tumour re-growth or recurrence. Tumour dissemination along the walls of the ventricular system was seen in 2 cases, and was considered to be a peculiar, fatal form of tumour recurrence in patients with this type of tumour. Malignant cerebellar astrocytic tumours in children have an extremely poor prognosis. Until, improved therapy is available to counteract this tragic consequence, it will remain so.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Analysis of reruptured cerebral aneurysms and the prophylactic effects of barbiturate therapy on the early stage.

During the past seven years, we have studied 661 cases of ruptured intracranial aneurysms. Rebleeding occurred in 65 cases (10%) and, within this group, 43 cases (70%) rebled within the first 6 hours after initial subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). Analysis of these 43 cases led to the following conclusions: 22 patients incurred rebleeding from causes such as transfer (6 cases), neuroradiological examinations (13 cases), and tracheal intubation during anaesthesia etc. (3 cases), while no special causative factors were discovered in the other 21 cases. Rebleeding occurred in 19 patients even while on absolute bed rest and in 11 patients who had induced systemic arterial hypotension (under 140 mmHg) through treatment. Six cases experienced rebleeding while undergoing angiography within 6 hours after the first subarachnoid haemorrhage. Eight of 17 reruptured anterior cerebral complex (Acom) aneurysm cases and 8 of 11 reruptured middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysm cases had an intracerebral haematoma on initial CT-scan following the first attack, demonstrating that the risk of rebleeding was very high in cases of intracerebral haematoma. The mortality rate for these rebleeding cases was high i.e. 65%. Therefore, because the time factor could precipitate rebleeding, early transfer and operation was considered optimal for minimizing rebleeding soon after an aneurysm rupture, even though angiography within 6 hours of the first SAH was a serious risk. Barbiturate therapy, performed as early as possible for serious cases, was considered to be effective in preventing rebleeding.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Propagation of Acto-S-1 ATPase reaction-coupled conformational change in actin along the filament.

F-Actin was partially cross-linked to myosin subfragment-1 (S-1) at various molar ratios (r = S-1/actin) with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide. The cross-linked acto-S-1 ATPase showed so called "super-activation," Vx. S-1 was added further to the cross-linked acto-S-1 and the ATPase activity, Vy, was measured. Since the added S-1 can interact only with the bare actin protomers within the cross-linked actin filament, the difference, delta V = Vy - Vx - Vs (where Vs is the ATPase activity of the additional S-1 alone), can indicate the state of the bare actin protomers while the cross-linked acto-S-1 is hydrolyzing ATP. With increasing r, delta V decreased much more rapidly than delta Vo(1 - r) (where delta Vo is delta V at r = 0) and reached a minimum around r = 0.15. As r increased further, delta V approached the level of delta Vo(1 - r). When SH1/SH2-blocked S-1 was cross-linked to F-actin, delta V decreased according to delta Vo(1 - r). Therefore, the large reduction of delta V, observed when intact S-1 was cross-linked, was coupled to the high ATPase activity of the cross-linked acto-S-1. Combining these data with other kinetic data, we could deduce that structural distortion in a cross-linked actin induced by the ATPase reaction of the S-1 partner propagated over several bare actin protomers along the filament and reduced their affinity for the S-1-ADP-Pi complex.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Outbreak of herpangina associated with Coxsackievirus B3 infection.

An outbreak of acute febrile illness was observed in summer, 1987, in a welfare home in which 31 healthy infants were accommodated. Within a 5-day period 25 infants (81%) acquired a febrile illness. Coxsackievirus B3 was isolated from 16 (64%) of 25 throat swabs. In the patients in whom viral culture was negative or not performed, 6 were serologically identified as having a coxsackievirus B3 infection. Among 22 patients identified as having a coxsackievirus B3 infection 7 had typical herpangina and the others had pharyngitis with or without a few small vesicles. Serum alpha-interferon was detected in all but 2 cases (one with proved infection and another with indefinite infection). Herpangina can be associated with coxsackievirus B3 as well as with the more frequently associated coxsackievirus Group A; this explosive type of outbreak might be transmitted by a small particle aerosol.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1989

Prevalence of small round structured virus infections in acute gastroenteritis outbreaks in Tokyo.

During the three-year period from 1984 to 1987, 506 acute gastroenteritis outbreaks involving 14,383 patients were reported to the Bureau of Public Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. Eighty (4,324 patients) of 150 outbreaks (4,860 patients) from which etiologic agents were not identified were subjected to virological investigation. Spherical particles of 28-32 nm in diameter with capsomere-like structures on the surface were detected in patients' stool specimens. Buoyant density of the particles appeared to be 1.36 to 1.40 g/ml in CsCl. Seroconversion to the particles was observed in patients by immune electron microscopy. From these observations, we concluded that the detected particles were members of small round structured virus (SRSV), and that they were implicated in the etiologically ill-defined outbreaks encountered. Prevalence of SRSV infections in these outbreaks was examined by electron microscopy. SRSV was positive in 83.8% of the outbreaks, and 96.4% of the cases. SRSV-positive outbreaks usually occurred during winter in contrast to bacterial outbreaks which often occurred in the summer season. Of 80 outbreaks examined, 53 were associated with the ingestion of oysters, and the remaining 27 mostly with food other than oysters. Oyster-associated outbreaks usually occurred on a small scale, while unassociated ones on diverse scales ranged from family clusters to large outbreaks.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Western blot (immunoblot) assay of small, round-structured virus associated with an acute gastroenteritis outbreak in Tokyo.

Small, round-structured virus (SRSV) was detected in a stool specimen of a patient during an acute gastroenteritis outbreak in Tokyo and was tentatively named SRSV-9. SRSV-9 was purified by sucrose velocity gradient centrifugation after CsCl density gradient centrifugation. The buoyant density of SRSV-9 appeared to be 1.36 g/ml in CsCl. A Western blot (immunoblot) assay using the biotin-avidin system revealed that SRSV-9 was antigenically related to the Hawaii agent but distinct from the Norwalk agent and contained a single major structural protein with a molecular size of 63.0 +/- 0.6 kilodaltons. The prevalence of SRSV-9 infection in Tokyo was surveyed by the Western blot antibody assay by using a crude virus preparation as the antigen. Seroconversion was observed in 56.5% of the patients involved in the outbreaks from which SRSV was detected by electron microscopy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Treatment with Krestin combined with mitomycin C, and effect on immune response.

The combination effects of Krestin (PSK) and mitomycin C (MMC) were examined in experimental tumor models. PSK was administered either orally or intraperitoneally. Delayed-type footpad reaction and antibody formation against sheep erythrocytes were measured in hosts of which immune functions were depressed by tumor burden. Results of the experiment indicated that the simultaneous administration of PSK and MMC significantly increased the survival rate of tumor-bearing mice and restored more effectively their immune functions compared to those of nontreated tumor-bearing controls or tumor-bearing hosts treated with a single agent.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Characterization of the proteases in the crude mite extract.

Characterization of the proteases was performed in the crude mite extract fractionated by Sephacryl S-200 gel filtration. Three peaks of protease activities were detected in the fractions. From the results of substrate specificity and susceptibility to the inhibitors, PK.1 protease (about 60 kD) is suggested to be a trypsin-like protease of mites. From the results of susceptibility to various agents, PK.2 (about 30 kD) and PK.3 (about 20 kD) proteases may be cysteine proteases, e.g., papain and cathepsin B. PK.3 protease existed in the precipitate of 60% ammonium sulfate fractionation. The data in the present study suggest the possibility that Dermatophagoides farinae I allergen might be a cysteine protease probably derived from the gastrointestinal tract of the house dust mite.

Allergens↗
PubMed1989

Mechanisms of suppression of renal kallikrein activity in low renin essential hypertension and renoparenchymal hypertension.

The mechanism of suppression of renal kallikrein activity in low renin essential hypertensive and renoparenchymal hypertensive patients was investigated in this study. From Sephadex G-200 column chromatography studies, a single kallikrein peak was observed in both kallikrein radioimmunoassay and kininogenase activity in all samples from normal subjects, low renin essential hypertensive and renoparenchymal hypertensive patients, and in purified kallikrein solution. The enzyme-specific activity around the kallikrein peak in all urine samples from each group was significantly lower than that in purified kallikrein, and a significantly lower specific activity was found in both patient groups than was found in normal subjects. Moreover, it was also recognized that the specific activity of kallikrein decreased in all cases with the increase of the molecular weight of kallikrein, and this tendency was observed more obviously in the low renin essential hypertensive and renoparenchymal hypertensive patients than in the normal subjects. These results suggest the presence of a kallikrein-specific inhibitor with a low molecular weight in human urine, although the possibility of a variant form of kallikrein cannot be excluded.

Female↗
PubMed1989

[Mercury concentration in gray hair].

Scalp hair sample were collected from 20 gray-haired males and 7 gray-haired females. Two hair samples, one each of dark hair and gray hair, obtained from each individual were selectively analysed for organic and inorganic mercury concentrations. The following finding were made: 1) In both sexes, total and organic mercury concentrations were significantly higher in gray hair than in dark hair but no difference was observed between dark hair and gray hair for the concentration of inorganic mercury. 2) For males, no significant differences between dark hair and gray hair were found for total, organic or inorganic mercury concentrations. On the other hand, gray hair had significantly higher levels of total, organic and inorganic mercury concentrations than dark hair in females. 3) When comparison was made between the sexes, total, organic and inorganic mercury concentrations were significantly higher in males than in females for dark hair. For gray hair, however, significantly higher levels of total and organic mercury concentrations, but not of inorganic mercury concentrations, were found in males. 4) The proportion of inorganic mercury to total mercury was higher in females than in males for both dark and gray hair. It was also higher in gray hair than in dark hair for females.

Aged↗