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Biomedical subjects

S Yano

Publications and source records attributed to S Yano.

At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Ulcerogenic and antiulcerogenic effects of a new antiinflammatory drug, the gamma-lactone-N-ethyl derivative of 6-[1S-(3S,4-dihydro-8-hydroxy-1H-2-benzo- pyran-1-one-3-yl)-3-methylbutylamino]-4S,5S-dihydroxy-6-oxo-3S- ammoniohexanoate, on gastrointestinal tract in rats.

6-[1S-(3S,4-Dihydro-8- hydroxy-1H-2-benzo-pyran-1-one-3-yl)- methylbutylamino]-4S,5S-dihydroxy-6-oxo-3S-ammoniohexanoate (AI-77B)-gamma-lactone-N-ethyl derivative (AI-77-C2) is a new antiinflammatory drug with antiulcer activity. In the first part of the present study the ulcerogenicity of this drug was assessed. Acidic antiinflammatory drugs--indomethacin and diclofenac--and basic antiinflammatory drugs--tiaramide and mepirizole--were used for comparison. Although AI-77-C2 was barely ulcerogenic at 7 h after dosing, some lesions developed in both stomach and intestine at 24 h. Repeated administrations over 5 days appeared to increase its ulcerogenicity and general toxicity. Marked gastric ulcers were induced by indomethacin and diclofenac, and severe intestinal ulcers were also produced at 24 h and by their repeated administration. Tiaramide did not induce marked ulcers in any case. Although the ulcerogenicity of mepirizole was weak at 7 h, severe duodenal ulcers developed at 24 h and after the repeated administration. From the results given above, it was concluded that the ulcerogenicity of AI-77-C2 was relatively low. In the next study, the antiulcer activity of AI-77-C2 was examined in several experimental ulcer models. AI-77-C2 showed a marked inhibition of all the models presently employed, i.e., the indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer, the pylorus ligation ulcer, the water immersion stress ulcer, and the acetylsalicylic acid-induced ulcer in rats. It was observed that AI-77-C2 suppressed the gastric secretion and movement. It is therefore concluded that the antiinflammatory drug AI-77-C2 has low ulcerogenicity and potent antiulcer activity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Adult T-cell leukemia in two siblings. Acute crisis of smoldering disease in one patient.

Two cases of human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV)-positive adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) in brother and sister are presented. Six of 15 members of this family were seropositive for antibodies for ATL-associated antigens (ATLA). The sister of the ATL patient developed overt ATL after 5 years and 8 months of smoldering ATL. Immunologic examinations during the smoldering phase were normal except for negative skin tests for purified protein derivative. Factors leading to the induction of ATL among HTLV carriers remain to be studied.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

Natural killer-like activity in human cultured lymphoid cells propagated in the presence of interleukin-2: acquired resistance to prostaglandin E2- or dexamethasone-mediated suppression.

The cytotoxic activity of human peripheral blood lymphocytes against the natural killer-sensitive target K562 was suppressed both by prostaglandin E2 and dexamethasone. On the other hand, cultured lymphoid cells propagated in the presence of interleukin-2 showed strong cytotoxic reactivity against K562 targets, and were resistant to prostaglandin E2- or dexamethasone-mediated suppression.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1985

Coronary aneurysms in Kawasaki disease: follow-up observation by two-dimensional echocardiography.

The development and regression of the coronary aneurysms in Kawasaki disease was studied with serial two-dimensional echocardiographic (2D echo) examinations. The diameter of the aneurysms at the proximal portions of the left coronary artery was measured on the 2D echo images in ten patients with Kawasaki disease, in whom left coronary aneurysms were found at the acute stage of the illness, and followed by 2D echo for longer than eight months. It was found that coronary aneurysms usually developed during the second week of the illness, reached maximal size at 3-8 weeks, and regressed gradually thereafter. Small aneurysms disappeared in several months, and those of intermediate size regressed in one to two years. Large aneurysms may remain for many years. Mural thrombi within the aneurysms were detected with 2D echo in three patients. They decreased in echodensity and eventually disappeared echographically.

Angiocardiography↗
PubMed1985

The effects on lipids, blood viscosity and platelet aggregation of combined use of niceritrol (Perycit) and a low dose of acetylsalicylic acid.

Forty-six elderly patients (mean age 60 years) suffering from diabetes mellitus (DM), or essential or arteriosclerotic hypertension (HT) were divided into 4 groups. Group 1 served as a control, group 2 was administered 1500 mg niceritrol, group 3 was administered 162 mg acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), and group 4 was administered both 1500 mg niceritrol and 162 mg ASA/day for 8 weeks. Niceritrol lowered serum levels of beta-lipoprotein and total cholesterol and increased HDL cholesterol, usually in 8 weeks. ASA did not affect the lipid-lowering effects of niceritrol. Platelet aggregation induced by epinephrine (1 microgram/ml), collagen (1 microgram/ml), and ADP (2 microM) was depressed in groups 2, 3 and 4. Degrees of depression were higher in groups administered ASA (groups 3 and 4) than in the group administered niceritrol alone (group 2). Plasma fibrinogen levels were lowered in groups administered niceritrol (groups 2 and 4) in 8 weeks. Apparent whole blood viscosity measured at shear rates of 37.6/s and 376/s was improved only in group 4 in 8 weeks, while hematocrit did not change during the study. Because flushing, the most frequent side effect of niceritrol, can be easily controlled by a low dose of ASA, and because the combination of the 2 drugs has some beneficial effects on blood rheology, this combination is considered worthwhile for treatment and prevention of atherosclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Comparison of the effects of primary prostaglandins on isolated human urinary bladder.

The effects of primary prostaglandins (PGs) on the dome and trigone of the human urinary bladder were investigated in vitro. In the dome preparations, PGE1 (10(-9) to 10(-6) gm./ml.) showed a weak contractile effect, while PGE2 (10(-9) to 10(-6) gm./ml.) produced dose-dependent contractions. PGF2 alpha (10(-9) to 10(-6) gm./ml.) induced contractions greater than those induced by PGE1 and PGE2. In the trigone preparations, PGE1 (10(-9) to 10(-6) gm./ml.) had no effect, and PGE2 (10(-9) to 10(-6) gm./ml.) produced only a weak contractile response. PGF2 alpha (10(-9) to 10(-6) gm./ml.) showed a greater contractile potency than PGE2. Contractile responses of both preparations to PGE1, PGE2 and PGF2 alpha were not affected by pretreatments of atropine, hexamethonium and phentolamine. These results suggest that the order of potency of primary PGs to induce contractile responses is PGF2 alpha greater than PGE2 greater than PGE1 in both the dome and the trigone preparations, and that the contractile effects of PGE1, PGE2 and PGF2 alpha may not be mediated by activation of muscarinic, nicotinic or adrenergic alpha-receptors.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1985

Detection of shunt flow in total anomalous pulmonary venous connection using 2D-Doppler echocardiography.

Two-D-Doppler echocardiography was used to diagnose two cases of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC). The first case presented the supracardiac type, the second the infracardiac type. Blood flow imagings produced by 2D-Doppler echocardiography revealed shunt flow in the common pulmonary veins (CPV) and the vertical, innominate, and portal veins. The shunt flow in the vertical vein was laminar, though the shunt flow in the inflow tract of the right atrium was turbulent. Two dimensional Doppler echocardiography is very useful in the detection shunt flow in TAPVC.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed1985

Experimental infection of rabbits with human T-cell leukemia virus type I.

Rabbits were successfully infected with human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) and produced antibodies to adult T-cell leukemia-associated antigens (ATLA) on intravenous inoculation of the HTLV-producing human cord T-cell line MT-2, or autologous cell lines established by cocultivation with MT-2 cells. Lymphocytes taken from the rabbits between 4 and 14 days after the inoculation of MT-2 cells, but not lymphocytes obtained in earlier or later periods, could be immortalized in vitro and expressed ATLA and type C virus particles. However, lymphocytes harvested during an early culture period (5 to 8 days) were found to be negative for ATLA. The transformed cells had the karyotype of a normal male rabbit. Two rabbits inoculated with the autologous HTLV-producing cell lines did not allow their growth in vivo, but some peripheral blood lymphocytes could be immortalized in vitro. One of these transformed cell lines was examined for the integration of HTLV-I provirus genome. The transformed cells were found to contain the provirus genome and also to be monoclonal with respect to the integration site of the provirus genome, unlike the inoculated cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Selective glomerular thrombosis in rats induced by combined injections of nephrotoxic antiserum and lipopolysaccharide.

Experimental glomerular thrombosis was induced in rats by combined injections of nephrotoxic antiserum and lipopolysaccharide. For the development of glomerular thrombosis, administration of nephrotoxic antiserum (greater than or equal to 0.1 ml pooled material) was required as a preparatory agent and greater than or equal to 100 ng lipopolysaccharide as a provoking agent. The severity of renal lesions was not parallel with the amounts of nephrotoxic antiserum and lipopolysaccharide injected. Transient clamping of a unilateral renal artery for 10 to 20 minutes at the time of the nephrotoxic antiserum injection partially prevented the development of glomerular thrombosis in the clamped side. Intervals between the preparatory and provoking injections were found to be -4 to 72 hours for the development of renal lesions. With the preparatory injection of 0.1 to 0.3 ml nephrotoxic antiserum a thrombotic lesion developed exclusively in glomerular capillary walls greater than or equal to 2 hours after the lipopolysaccharide injection. No thrombotic lesion was observed in other tissues such as lung, liver, or intestine, but a generalized Shwartz-manlike phenomenon was observed with the preparatory injection of 0.5 ml nephrotoxic antiserum. When rats were pretreated with nephrotoxic antiserum and 3 hours thereafter transfused with 1 to 3 X 10(8) polymorphonuclear leukocytes, which had been incubated with lipopolysaccharide for 30 minutes in vitro and washed three times with buffered physiologic saline solution, a marked glomerular thrombosis was also induced. The result indicates that lipopolysaccharide plays a role in the development of thrombosis by a direct effect on leukocytes. The development of glomerular thrombosis was prevented in a leukocytopenic state when leukocyte count was less than 600/microliter, but not in thrombocytopenic rats with a platelet count 8.7 to 30 X 10(3)/microliter. Leukocyte count and plasma fibrinogen level decreased, and prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time were prolonged significantly during the pathologic course. Platelet count and FDP did not change significantly. This experimental model has a basic similarity to the generalized Shwartzman reaction, but the lesions develop exclusively in glomeruli.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

A case of congenital lymphoblastic leukemia: clinical course and significance of ultrasonography.

A case of congenital leukemia in which texture changes in ultrasonography were followed up is reported. The patient was a male infant hospitalized on day 22 after birth with multiple bluish skin nodules. Complete remission was achieved easily, but he relapsed early and died from the disease after six months. Because of L1 morphology the disease was classified as acute lymphoblastic leukemia, but the leukemic cells lacked the characteristics of lymphoid lineage on cytochemical, cytogenetic, immunological, and enzymological examination. Ultrasonography was considered a useful tool in the following respects for the treatment of the patient with congenital leukemia: The texture of the infiltration of leukemic cells into the liver was clearly visualized and changes in the images could be traced both in size and in number; the process of ventricular dilatation and brain atrophy were successively visualized.

Atrophy↗
PubMed1985

[Studies on the management of CIN accompanied by infertility].

We performed cytological examinations on 863 of the 969 patients (89.3%). In the final diagnosis, 4 patients had carcinoma in situ (0.5%) and 1 patient had microinvasive carcinoma (0.1%). Therefore, it is important to perform cytological examinations on infertility out-patient s, and conduct routine cytological examinations when infertility treatment is being continued over long periods. The detection rate for the 18 patients who required detailed examination did not differ between primary and secondary infertility, or with the period of infertility or the factor causing infertility. The follow up after conization should be done carefully, and the patient should be encouraged to become pregnant as early as possible. Unlike fertile women, in infertile women, conization should be performed, even in the case of carcinoma in situ, provided: There is a specialist well-experienced in cytology, colposcopy, and histology; the patient and family are fully satisfied with the physician's explanation; the physician can maintain good contact with the patient and family and continue to provide adequate follow up treatment, and the lesion is in the ectocervix, and the whole lesion can be removed by conization without leaving intact foci.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Appearance of distinct types of proteoglycan in a well-defined temporal and spatial pattern during early cartilage formation in the chick limb.

Our recent studies have shown that chick embryo epiphyseal cartilage synthesizes three distinct species of proteoglycan (PG-H, PG-Lb, and PG-Lt) which are analogous in having glycosaminoglycan side chains of the chondroitin (dermatan) sulfate type but different from one another in regard to the structure of core protein. In the present report, the expression of PG-H and PG-Lb has been studied in developing chick hind limbs (stages 19-33), using antibodies specific for these substances in indirect immunofluorescence. At the onset of cartilage morphogenesis (stage 24), PG-H became recognizable in the cartilage primordia, whereas a parallel section stained for PG-Lb showed no reaction. The first evidence of PG-Lb appearance was seen in a stage 28 cartilage (e.g., tibia) in which the cells in the middiaphysis became elongated in a direction perpendicular to the long axis of the cartilage. The PG-Lb fluorescence was confined to the zone of these flattened, disc-like cells, whereas the fluorescence for PG-H was uniformly distributed throughout the cartilage. With further development of cartilage (stage 29 approximately), the zone of flattened cells spread proximally and distally, and simultaneously large hypertrophied cells appeared at the diaphyseal region. During these zonal changes of cell morphology, the PG-Lb fluorescence remained restricted to the zone of flattened cells. Parallel sections stained for PG-H, in contrast, showed an evenly distributed pattern of the PG-H fluorescence throughout the cartilage. The results indicate that the appearance of PG-Lb is closely associated with the zonal changes of cell shape and orientation along the proximal-distal axis of the developing limb cartilage, and further suggest that the flattened chondrocytes in this particular zone have undergone additional changes in gene expression to form an extracellular matrix of still another chemical property.

Animals↗