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Biomedical subjects

S Yamaguchi

Publications and source records attributed to S Yamaguchi.

At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

A continuum theory of blood cells filtration at low flow rates.

Blood cells filtration with decreasing pressure under gravity was studied for evaluation of the cell fluidity or deformability at a low shear state. A continuum approach was made to the flow and pressure in the filter at the low flow state to relate macro- and micro-scopic quantities. The mass conservation law of each species provided a set of differential equations with respect to the pore fraction and filter resistance. The numerical calculation was made for various values of hematocrit and leukocrit. It was shown that the filter resistance might be increased with decreasing pressure, resulting from both red and white cells. The leukocrit, more than 0.05% white cells, may influence the filtration, depending upon the cell deformation. Even in the absence of the white cell, a decrease in pressure increased the filter resistance markedly. The present result indicates that single red cell shows a nonlinear behavior of flow in pores at the low pressure level.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1988

Immunologic effects on peripheral lymphoid cells from patients with chronic hepatitis type B during administration of recombinant interleukin 2.

Nine patients with chronic hepatitis type B were treated with recombinant interleukin 2 (rIL-2). Side effects were limited to low-grade fever and headache, which were transient and tolerable for the patients. Seven normal volunteers and nine patients with chronic active hepatitis were administered by one bolus of 500 units of rIL-2. Acute effects of rIL-2 administration on lymphoid cells included a rapid decrease in lymphocytes, especially in cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells. These acute effects resolved within 24 hours. There was no difference in the changes of immunological parameters between normal volunteers and patients. The same effects were seen during 28 days of rIL-2 administration. The number of lymphocytes and CD4 positive cells was increased after rIL-2 administration for 28 days (P less than 0.01). Natural killer cell activity, especially that of CD16+ and Leu-7- cells was also increased (P less than 0.05). These effects may favour the elimination of virus-infected hepatocytes.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Increased serum soluble interleukin 2 receptor levels in patients with viral liver diseases.

Soluble interleukin 2 receptors (sIL 2R) in the sera of patients with viral liver diseases were quantified with a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay using two monoclonal antibodies against the receptors. The sIL 2R levels in patients with acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma were significantly higher than those in control subjects. In acute hepatitis patients, the high levels of sIL 2R observed during the florid stage returned to normal during remission. Levels in patients with chronic active hepatitis were significantly higher than in those with chronic persistent and lobular hepatitis, and levels observed during the exacerbation phase of chronic hepatitis were higher than they were during remission. Thus, in chronic hepatitis, sIL 2R levels increased in proportion to the inflammatory activity, and correlated well with serum transaminase (glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase: SGOT, glutamic pyruvic transaminase: SGPT) activities, but not with blood urea nitrogen or creatinine concentrations. In patients with a high degree of focal and piecemeal necrosis, serum sIL 2R levels increased further during recombinant interleukin 2 therapy. In post-hepatitic liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, sIL 2R levels correlated with serum cholinesterase and creatinine concentrations, but not with transaminase activities. Measurement of serum sIL 2R levels in patients with liver disease but without renal injury, may help in the diagnosis of inflammation in hepatitis, a process in which interleukin 2 may participate.

Hepatitis B Surface Antigens↗
PubMed1988

[Management of endourological technics with upper urinary tract diseases except urolithiasis].

Fifteen patients with stricture of upper urinary tract and 4 patients suspected of having upper tract carcinoma were managed with endourological (percutaneous or transurethral) techniques. The strictures were treated with various dilation catheters and the optical urethrotome. Eleven cases (73.3%) were successfully treated and satisfactory urinary passage was attained. The 4 patients suspected of having upper tract neoplasms were diagnosed accurately with endoscopy, 2 patients had transitional cell carcinoma of renal pelvis and the others had benign ureteral polyps. The endourological technique was a useful method for the treatment of ureteral stenosis and the diagnosis of upper tract neoplasm except for the treatment of urolithiasis. This technique will become useful tool in urology.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[A clinical study of 33 cases of renal pelvic and ureteral tumors].

Thirty-three cases of primary renal pelvic and/or ureteral tumors, i.e., 14 renal pelvic tumors, 14 ureteral tumors and 5 renal pelvic and ureteral tumors, treated at our hospital between November, 1976 and August, 1987 are reviewed retrospectively. Tumor occurred on the right side in 18 cases, left side in 14 cases and bilateral in one case. The patients ranged in age from 33 to 77 years (average 65.7 years), the sex ratio was 4.5:1 with male predominance over female. The most frequent symptoms were gross hematuria in 22 cases (67%). Interval from onset of initial symptoms to first visit within one month for 23 cases (70%). The major findings of excretory urograms were non-visualizing kidney in 18 cases (55%) and filling defect in 12 cases (36%). Positive urinary cytology was obtained in 18 cases (55%). Operative therapy was performed in all cases, namely, total nephroureterectomy with partial cystectomy in 21 cases (64%) and nephrectomy with transurethral ureterectomy in 7 cases (21%). Histopathologically, all cases but one case of squamous cell carcinoma were transitional cell carcinoma. Subsequent bladder tumors were found in 10 cases (30%). The overall survival rate at 1, 3 and 5 years were 84%, 68% and 61%, respectively by Kaplan-Meier method. In this series, grade and stage of tumor were the most influential factors for prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Paraurethral leiomyoma in a female: report of a case].

A 50-year-old female visited our clinic complaining of tumor formation in the external genitalia. The tumor was elastic hard upon palpation, 3 cm in diameter, and located in the right lateral side of the external urethral meatus. The paraurethral tumor was excised. Histopathological diagnosis was paraurethral leiomyoma. Female paraurethral leiomyoma is a rare benign tumor. There have been only 66 cases reported in the Japanese literature. We summarized these cases and studied their clinical features.

Female↗
PubMed1988

[Continuous intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy for inoperable retroperitoneal liposarcoma--a case report].

A case of an inoperable recurrent retroperitoneal liposarcoma, histologically diagnosed as being a mixed myxoid type and a round cell type, which was treated by continuous intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy, is reported. The authors applied this treatment method using adriamycin and 5-FU via the feeding arteries, i.e., the superior and the inferior mesenteric arteries. The tumor showed remarkable regression with no severe complications, even though general chemotherapy using adriamycin proved to be ineffective. This infusion method was thus evaluated as highly effective.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Bilateral renal angiomyolipoma: report of a case].

A case of bilateral renal angiomyolipoma is reported. A 21-year-old female visited our hospital with the complaint of severe left flank pain and macroscopic hematuria Bilateral renal mass was suspected from the intravenous pyelography. CT scan revealed bilateral renal angiomyolipoma accompanied by retroperitoneal bleeding. There were no symptoms or signs of tuberous sclerosis. Left partial nephrectomy and right tumor enucleation were performed uneventfully with no recurrence during 4.5 years of follow-up. Several case reports of renal angiomyolipoma have been documented; we sum up these cases with special consideration as to treatment. In the majority of the cases, nephrectomy has been performed after retroperitoneal bleeding. We emphasize that in some cases it is favorable to carry out renal-tissue-conserving operation before the occurrence of the bleeding, because the angiomyolipoma tends to rupture easily.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[A clinical experience of upper urinary tract disease using an endourological technic].

Fifty-three patients with upper urinary tract disease were treated by using endourological technique between July, 1986 and July, 1987; percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PNL) in 26 cases, transurethral ureterolithotripsy (TUL) in 11 cases, endopyelotomy for ureteropelvic obstruction in 3 cases, dilation of ureteral stenosis in 3 cases and percutaneous nephrostomy in 10 cases. The stones could be successfully removed in 24 cases (92%) of PNL and 10 cases (91%) of TUL. No severe complications were seen in this series. The many reports of PNL and TUL were investigated in detail, but other endourological approach will need further long-term followup.

Constriction, Pathologic↗
PubMed1988

The distribution of total mercury in the brain after the lateral ventricular single injection of methylmercury and glutathione.

We determined the time course of the distribution of total mercury in the brain after the lateral ventricular single injection of methylmercury (Me-Hg) and glutathione (GSH) to confirm our assumption that glutathione have a very important role in methylmercury transport into the brain. The following results were obtained: (1) The transport of methylmercury into the brain was accelerated by glutathione, but was retarded by the surplus glutathione. (2) The increase of glutathione to methylmercury ratio in the dose was tend to uniformize the distribution of total mercury in the brain. These results might suggest that methylmercury is carried with glutathione and transformed into methylmercury-cysteine by gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP), and transported into the brain.

Animals↗