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Biomedical subjects

S Yamaguchi

Publications and source records attributed to S Yamaguchi.

At least 919 records · Page 51Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Treatment of urinary tract infection with cefixime].

Cefixime (CFIX) was administered orally in the treatment of 59 cases of urinary tract infection (UTI). According to the response criteria defined by the Japanese UTI committee, the rate of clinical efficacy for 26 cases of uncomplicated cystitis was 96.2%. The rate of clinical effectiveness of five patients with complicated UTI and five with uncomplicated pyelonephritis was 80.0%. In the other 23 cases which did not meet the response criteria, the efficacy rate was also high. The results indicated that CFIX was an effective drug for the treatment of UTI.

Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary↗
PubMed1989

[Four cases of sperm invasion].

Four cases of spermatic invasion of epididymis are presented. All four cases were fertile. The etiology, histological findings, and role of sperm invasion in male infertility are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Responses of cerebral arteries to the changes in cerebral perfusion pressure].

The responsiveness of cerebral pial arteries and arterioles to changes in systemic arterial blood pressure (SAP) was investigated. Using 9 cats anesthetized with chloralose and urethane, direct, simultaneous measurements of pial arterial pressure (PAP) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) were made during changes in SAP. SAP was varied between 25 and 140 mmHg by the hemorrhage and blood infusion methods. After a partial craniotomy. PAP was measured with a micropipette connected to a servo-controlled micropressure recording system. Punctured pial arteries were grouped into three types according to their diameters, 1A (291 +/- 33 microns), 2A (16 +/- 26 microns), and 3A (70 +/- 10 microns). CBF on the exposed cortex was measured with hydrogen clearance method. The PAPs measured were a linear function of SAP; PAP (1A) = 0.73/SAP-6.6 (r = 0.96), PAP (2A) = 0.62 X SAP-6.6 (r = 0.90), PAP (3A) = 0.61 X SAP-6.4 (r = 0.93). The result indicates that PAPs are entirely dependent on SAP and that SAP induced changes in PAPs are less in the smaller pial arteries. Regional CBF remained constant (55 +/- 4 ml/100 g/min) between 60 and 140 mmHg of SAP. A significant decrease in CBF was observed below 60 mmHg of SAP. Cerebrovascular resistances were calculated segmentally using the following formulas; large vessel resistances (LVR) = (SAP-PAP(1A]/CBF, middle vessel resistance = (PAP (1A)-PAP (3A]/CBF, and small vessel resistance = PAP (3A)/CBF. The changes in LVR, MVR, and SVR were almost identical between 70 and 140 mmHg of SAP. Below 70 mmHg of SAP, SVR showed the greatest decrease in resistance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Clinical and biochemical studies of Japanese neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis.

We studied clinical manifestations of Japanese patients with neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis (NCL). The onset of the disease and initial symptoms were almost identical to those reported previously in Caucasians. Japanese patients with NCL were not significantly clinically different from Caucasian cases. An atypical case NCL associated with a deficiency of diaminobenzidine peroxidase activity was also presented. Pathogenesis of NCL was studied on the basis of urine dolichol excretion, autofluorescent compounds in urine, thiol protease activities and protein analysis in tissues of NCL patients. Possible biochemical abnormalities in NCL are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Operon structure of flagellar genes in Salmonella typhimurium.

In Salmonella typhimurium, more than 40 genes have been shown to be involved in flagellar formation and function and almost all of them have been assigned to three regions of the chromosome, termed region I, region II, and region III. In the present study, a large number of transposon-insertion mutants in these flagellar genes were isolated using Tn10 and Mud1. The flaV gene was found to be a strong hot spot for Tn10 insertion. Complementation analysis of the polarity effects exerted by the transposon-insertion mutants defined 13 different flagellar operons; 3 in region I, 4 in region II, and 6 in region III. These results are compared with the reported arrangement of the corresponding genes in Escherichia coli.

DNA Transposable Elements↗
PubMed1988

Complete sequence of neutralization protein VP2 of the recent US isolate bluetongue virus serotype 2: its relationship with VP2 species of other US serotypes.

In order to determine the relationship between the most recently isolated bluetongue virus serotype (BTV-2), and other US serotypes, the complete nucleotide sequence was determined from cDNA clones representing the L2 dsRNA of BTV-2, the gene that codes for the outer capsid neutralization antigen (VP2). The predicted amino acid sequence of the protein was compared with the VP2 sequences of the US serotypes BTV-10, BTV-11, BTV-13 and BTV-17. The VP2 protein of BTV-2 was found to exhibit 47% homology with the VP2 species of BTV-13, but only 40-41% homology with the VP2 species of earlier US isolates, BTV-10-, and -17. However, Diagon comparisons and hydropathic plots of all five VP2 species indicated that all of them are structurally very similar.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1988

Deposition velocity of gaseous I to rice grains.

Among the routes of gaseous I transfer to rice grains, direct deposition to the hull of rice plants and the subsequent transfer to brown rice and polished rice should be more critical than leaf absorption-translocation. A grain number normalized deposition velocity (Vs) is recommended as a key parameter to assess the amount of gaseous I deposited on the rough rice. This parameter is given as "iodine content per unit number of grain per unit time" divided by "iodine concentration per unit volume of the air." After the heading period the surface area of rough rice is almost constant but weight increases with time. Therefore, mass normalized deposition velocity (VD) varies with time. By introducing Vs instead of VD, the variations could be converged into narrow ranges. The contribution of gaseous I from the atmosphere to rough rice, brown rice and polished rice were estimated using Vs values obtained experimentally and gaseous I concentration in the air.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1988

Effect of aging on collateral circulation via pial anastomoses in cats.

The effect of aging on collateral circulation via pial anastomoses after middle cerebral artery occlusion was investigated in young and aged cats. The reduction of blood flow and electroencephalography power were greater and collateral vessel resistance was higher in the aged group than the young group. Electroencephalography power after the occlusion was correlated with collateral resistance and blood flow in the two groups. These results suggest that collateral function deteriorates with aging and the high vulnerability to ischemic insult in aged brain may be caused in part by the poor collateral function.

Aging↗
PubMed1988

Effect of smoking on regional cerebral blood flow in the normal aged volunteers.

The effects of long-term cigarette smoking on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) were studied in 67 normal male volunteers. All subjects were healthy volunteers without any past history of cerebral and pulmonary disease. rCBF decreased significantly with advancing age. Although there was no significant difference in rCBF between young smokers and nonsmokers, elderly smokers showed significantly lower rCBF than elderly nonsmokers. There was no difference in vital capacity and FEV 1.0% between smokers and nonsmokers in both young and elderly groups. The smokers, however, showed significantly lower V50 than the nonsmokers. PeCO2 in smokers was significantly lower than in nonsmokers. No significant differences were seen in hematocrit, antithrombin III, aggregating platelet, serum lipids and blood pressure between smokers and nonsmokers in both age groups. There was a significantly positive correlation between rCBF and PeCO2 in all groups. These results suggest that long-term smoking may reduce rCBF by means of hypocapnia, resulting from latent small airway disturbances, not by advancing cerebral arteriosclerosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Defect in biosynthesis of mitochondrial acetoacetyl-coenzyme A thiolase in cultured fibroblasts from a boy with 3-ketothiolase deficiency.

The etiology of 3-ketothiolase deficiency has been attributed to a defect of mitochondrial acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase because the acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase activity in related materials is not activated by K+, a property characteristic for this enzyme. We studied the enzyme protein and the biosynthesis of mitochondrial acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase, using cultured skin fibroblasts from a 5-yr-old boy with 3-ketothiolase deficiency. The following results were obtained. (a) Activation of acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase activity by K+ was nil; (b) The enzyme activity was not affected by treatment with the antibody against mitochondrial acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase; (c) A signal for mitochondrial acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase protein was not detected in the immunoblot analysis; and (d) Pulse-chase experiments of skin fibroblasts, using [35S]methionine, revealed no incorporation of radioactivity into this enzyme. Therefore, fibroblasts from this patient lacked mitochondrial acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase protein due to a defect in its biosynthesis.

Acetyl-CoA C-Acetyltransferase↗
PubMed1988

Effect of long-term administration of buflomedil on regional cerebral blood flow in chronic cerebral infarction.

The influence of long-term oral administration of buflomedil on regional cerebral blood flow was investigated in 10 patients with chronic cerebral infarction and mild to moderate mental deterioration. Patients were given 150 mg buflomedil three times daily for a period of eight weeks. Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured in patients before they began buflomedil treatment and during the last week of treatment. The interval of the rCBF measurements in the control subjects (n = 12) ranged from seven to forty-eight days. Mental function in the patients studied was evaluated by use of Hasegawa's simple intelligence scale for the aged and Zung's self-rating depression scale, before and during the last week of buflomedil treatment. The results showed a mean increase in rCBF of 10.5% +/- 12.1% in the patient group. The control group demonstrated virtually no change in rCBF measurements. Improvements in the mental function scores of the buflomedil-treated group were noted, and 5 of the 10 patients reported improvement in subjective symptoms.

Cerebral Infarction↗