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Biomedical subjects

S Takeda

Publications and source records attributed to S Takeda.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Clinical study of autologous blood transfusion in pregnant women].

The effect of autologous blood donation during the third trimester of pregnancy on the maternal circulation, the properties of blood collected in a phosplatebuffered citrate anticoagulant solution, and the clinical outcome of autologous blood donation and transfusion for pregnant women were investigated in this study. Thirty-four pregnant women with placenta previa or previous cesarean delivery underwent phlebotomies in an autologous transfusion program. Three hundred ml of blood was collected under the observation of fetal heart rate patterns and uterine contractions from 3 weeks prior to the planned date of cesarean section and a total of 900 ml of blood was stored. Electronic fetal monitoring tracings were all normal and changes in blood pressure and pulse rates were minimal during the blood donation. The decrease in hemoglobin after the removal of 900 ml of blood was only 0.6g/dl on average during the 3 weeks, since the concentration of erythropoietin in serum and the counts of reticlocyte increased in a few days after blood removal. But there were no significant changes in TAT levels in serum. Twelve out of 34 pregnant women received the autologous blood transfusion during or after cesarean delivery and the homologous transfusions were avoided. The results of this study suggested that autologous blood transfusion for pregnant women with a high incidence of blood loss at delivery, such as placenta previa or previous cesarean delivery was safe and advantageous in avoiding homologous blood transfusion.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

In vitro activities of arbekacin, alone and in combination, against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

We determined the in vitro activities of arbekacin in combination with other antibiotics against 96 clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Efficacies were evaluated by comparing frequencies of susceptible strains at concentrations of antibiotics present in serum 3 hours after intravenous administration of recommended dosages with those obtained with addition of 1 or 2 micrograms/ml of arbekacin. The addition of arbekacin significantly increased the antibacterial activities of cefotiam, cefuzonam, flomoxef and fosfomycin, but had no effect on the activity of either imipenem or minocycline. Arbekacin in combination with fosfomycin was found to have the greatest activity against MRSA among combinations tested. In addition, arbekacin had excellent antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, compared to other anti-pseudomonal agents such as piperacillin, ceftazidime and imipenem.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1994

Combined therapy with arbekacin and fosfomycin for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections.

We examined the clinical efficacy of a combination of arbekacin and fosfomycin in the treatment of various methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections. The combination of arbekacin plus fosfomycin displayed 65.4% (17/26) clinical efficacy and 65.4% (17/26) bacteriological efficacy. This combination thus appeared to be an effective regimen for the treatment of MRSA infections. However, its bacteriological efficacy against concomitant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains was only 16.7% (1/6). In addition, in 4 episodes of superinfection involving P. aeruginosa strains developed during the combination therapy.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1994

[Antitumor and anticachectic activity of UFT in BALB/c mice bearing colon 26 adenocarcinoma].

We established a cancer cachexia model in BALB/c mice bearing Colon 26 and examined antitumor and anticachectic activity of UFT. The mice bearing Colon 26 showed a progressive loss of body weight, loss of lipid, and hypalbuminosis associated with the change of tumor size and these symptoms were improved by removal of cancer. In this model UFT extended life span significantly at 15mg/kg/day though showed a little growth inhibitory activity. UFT showed a significant tumor growth inhibitory activity and extended life span at 20mg/kg/day and could reverse all biological parameters mentioned above. Since the intratumor and plasma contents of IL-6 were significantly lowered in the UFT administered group, it is estimated that the anticachectic activity of UFT originates from reduction of interleukin-6 in tumor.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

[Discriminative analysis of dependent elderly between home care and institutionalized groups in Sendai].

Public health and welfare services were examined in 125 dependent elderly aged 70 to 89 years old from a randomly selected population of 1,249 from 3 different areas (central, residential and suburban) in Wakabayashi-ku, Sendai. Of the 125 dependent elderly, 91 (72.8%) were being cared for at home (the home group), and 34 (27.2%) were in hospitals or nursing homes (the resident group). Multivariate analyses using Hayashi's quantification method II were conducted for a comparison between the home group and the resident group. For the resident group relationships were found to "not having any family members to live with", and to "severe disability in ADL". Of the 91 subjects in the home group, 27 (29.7%) were visited by public health nurses (the visited group), and 64 (70.3%) were not (the not-visited group). Multivariate analyses using Hayashi's quantification method II were conducted for a comparison between the visited group and the not-visited group. For the visited group relation to husbands or wives being caregivers and to severe disability in ADL was found. Of the 91 in the home group, 15 (16.5%) received welfare services (the recipient group), and 76 (83.5%) did not (the non-recipient group). Again, multivariate analyses using Hayashi's quantification method II were conducted for a comparison between the recipient group and the non-recipient group. In the non-recipient group a relationship to not having caregivers or to caregivers being persons other than husbands, wives, children or grandchildren was seen.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Prognosis of cancer of the duodenal papilla of Vater in relation to clinicopathological tumor extension.

Between 1981 and 1991, cancer of the duodenal papilla of Vater was surgically treated in 26 out of 28 cases (92%). Twenty-five patients underwent pancreatoduodenectomy and one had a total pancreatectomy. There were no surgical or hospital deaths in these 26 patients. Their five-year cumulative survival rate was 52%. In the 26 patients, we submitted the surgically removed tissue specimens to histopathological examination and performed immunohistochemical analysis using antibodies against various gastrointestinal cancer antigens. We analyzed the results in relation to the prognosis. The histological stage of the cancer was found to correlate with the prognosis. Patients having cancer invading the pancreatic parenchyma had a particularly poor prognosis. Some exhibited perineural invasion. Patients with cancer invasion into the pancreatic parenchyma frequently showed a grade II positive response to immunohistochemical staining, with a staining pattern similar to that of pancreatic duct cell carcinoma. In patients in whom cancer invasion did not extend beyond the sphincter of Oddi, the five-year survival rate was 100%. Therefore, cancer of the papilla of Vater which has not invaded beyond the the sphincter of Oddi, may be regarded as early cancer of the papilla of Vater. These results indicate that surgical procedures for cancer of the papilla of Vater should be selected on the basis of an accurate preoperative evaluation of cancer invasion by various imaging techniques (chiefly endoscopic ultrasonography), and that the treatment of advanced cancer of the papilla of Vater requires not only extensive surgical resection but also a more effective multi-disciplinary treatment plan.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Experimental evaluation of combination chemotherapy with UFT and cisplatin for lung cancer].

Combined treatment of UFT with cisplatin (CDDP) achieved remarkable elongation of survival time of BDF1 mice, which were intravenously transplanted with Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC). Three cycles of weekly iv administration of CDDP and vindesine (VDS), and daily oral administration of UFT were scheduled. Combination UFT (18 mg/kg/day) with CDDP (6.0 mg/kg/day) yielded tumor-free survivors in all of the treated animals with slight body weight loss. Its efficacy was superior to that of the combination of CDDP with VDS. Supra-additive cytotoxic activity against LLC cells was observed by Isobologram method on the schedule of the exposure to 5-fluorouracil preceding the exposure to CDDP. Additive effect was observed by the reversed schedule of the treatment. Using human non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines which derived from histologically different type, additive or greater additive sensitivity to both of the sequential treatment schedules with 5-FU and CDDP was observed. These results suggest that the combination chemotherapy of UFT with CDDP for lung cancer may show high antitumor efficacy with low toxicity in a clinical setting.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Investigation of resected multinodular hepatocellular carcinoma: assessment of unicentric or multicentric genesis from histological and prognostic viewpoint.

OBJECTIVES: Multicentricity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is attracting a great deal of attention at present. However, few studies have focused on the prognostic comparison between unicentric and multicentric multinodular HCCs. The aim of this study is the reevaluation of histologic criteria of multicentric HCC and a prognostic comparison between the two groups mentioned above. METHODS: Forty-nine cases with intrahepatic multiple nodules of HCC, by gross examination, among 184 consecutive resected HCCs were examined clinicopathologically. These cases were divided into three groups: group A, cases suggestive of multicentric genesis; group B, unicentric cases; and group C, indeterminate cases. Histopathological characteristics and the cumulative survival rates were compared among these groups. RESULTS: Five cases were categorized as group A, 36 cases as group B, and eight cases as group C. Nodules in group A were smaller than 2 cm in diameter, situated discretely and well differentiated, and with neither vascular nor capsular invasion. Most of the nodules lacked a tumor capsule and had an irregular border. In the 36 cases of group B, all main tumors had vascular and/or capsular invasion. The cellularity index was almost the same in all groups. The cumulative survival rate of group A was better than that of group B or group C. CONCLUSIONS: Small multiple nodules of well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma without vascular and capsular invasion might be multicentric, and these early detections and operations could result in a fairly good prognosis, despite the multiple HCC nodules.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Effect of omentopexy on wound healing of the extensively detached and anastomosed canine trachea.

BACKGROUND: To examine the beneficial effect of omentopexy for tracheal anastomosis after extensive detachment that may cause impairment of the blood supply, the time course of tracheal wound healing was studied experimentally. METHODS: Circumferential resection of the trachea for three cartilage rings (nos. 11, 12, 13) and end-to-end anastomosis of the trachea were performed in 66 mongrel dogs, which were allocated to three groups (n = 22 in each). In the detached group, the trachea was entirely mobilized and isolated from the surrounding tissue for a length of 25 cartilage rings. In the wrapped group, omentopexy was added for the anastomosed site. In the control group, the same anastomosis was performed without omentopexy or detachment. The tracheal tissue blood flow was measured with a laser Doppler flow meter at the anastomosed site, and the tensile strength was determined with a tensiometer. RESULTS: All groups showed significant decreases in the blood flow on day 3, compared with the preoperative values, and increases stepwise from day 7 to day 21. On days 3, 7, and 14 the tissue blood flow was significantly (p < 0.01) higher in the wrapped group than in the detached group, although on day 21 it did not differ significantly among the three groups. The tensile strengths of the cartilaginous and membranous portions were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the wrapped and control groups than in the detached group. On day 21, no significant intergroup differences were observed for this parameter. In the wrapped group and in the control group, the capillary network at the anastomosed site was well developed on day 7, and the tracheal mucosal epithelium was well regenerated on day 21 without granulation formation. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that omentopexy at the anastomosed site of an extensively detached trachea provided adequate wound healing caused by rapid recovery of the tissue blood flow.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1993

Cloning, expression and characterization of horse L-ferritin in Escherichia coli.

Horse L-ferritin cDNA was cloned from horse liver, and the base sequence was determined. The L-ferritin was expressed using pTZ18U encoding lac promoter, and found to possess an additional 8-amino acid sequence at the N-terminus as compared with commercially obtained horse spleen (natural) ferritin. It was determined that there was Pro at position 94 in both the recombinant and natural L-ferritin, although it was previously reported that Leu was in this position in the natural species. Transmission electron microscopy showed that this recombinant ferritin formed a 24-mer shell.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Predictable factors for estimating prognosis of patients after resection of hepatocellular carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Although many studies have been concerned with a clarification of the relation between various clinicopathologic factors and the prognosis of operated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), few studies have focused on the prognostic predictability of mitotic index and anti-hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV). METHODS: One hundred forty cases of HCC with hepatic resection were observed from 1 to 11 years, and the relationship among various clinicopathologic factors, including the mitotic index and anti-HCV, and prognosis was evaluated. RESULTS: Age at the time of operation, positive results for hepatitis B surface antigen or anti-HCV, accompanying cirrhosis, and the degree of tumor necrosis due to transarterial embolization did not influence the prognosis significantly. Patients with hepatitis C virus-related cases had a better prognosis than patients with hepatitis B-related cases. Patients with a single and small carcinoma smaller than 2 cm had a significantly better prognosis than those who had larger and/or multiple tumors. A better prognosis also was observed in the carcinomas with no histologic invasion into portal vein branches, low Edmondson grades, and low mitotic activities when compared with the counterpart of each group. Among these factors, the mitotic index was correlated best with prognosis in the current study. CONCLUSIONS: The examination of mitotic index was quite simple, and the index was a helpful factor in predicting prognosis.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1993

Effects of subsite alterations on substrate-binding mode in the active site of hen egg-white lysozyme.

The subsite structures in the active site of hen egg-white lysozyme were altered by site-directed mutagenesis. Replacement of Trp62, which is involved in apolar interaction with a sugar ring, and Asp101, which is hydrogen bonded to the same sugar ring in subsite B, led to a shift of the oligosaccharide-binding mode in the active-site cleft. Consequently, the double-mutant lysozyme (Trp62His, Asp101Gly) exhibited a drastic change of substrate-binding without any significant loss of enzymic activity. Conversion of Asn37, which is postulated to be involved in interaction with a sugar ring in subsite F, had a reverse effect on substrate binding. Nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of mutant lysozymes, in which Trp62 was replaced with Phe or His, suggested that these replacements not only altered the structure of the amino acid chain at position 62 of the lysozyme, but also induced local structural changes around the residue at position 62.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Detection of K-ras mutation in sputum by mutant-allele-specific amplification (MASA).

From 10 to 30% of lung carcinomas examined to date contain mutant K-ras genes. We report here that the mutant-allele-specific amplification (MASA) method may be useful for detection of the K-ras mutations in cells obtained from the sputum of patients with lung cancer. The PCR product from one of five patients revealed an alteration when mixed oligonucleotides representing variants of the second letter at codon 12 of this gene were used as 5' primers, and further experiments showed a mutation of GGT (Gly) to GAT (Asp) at codon 12. The MASA system could also be applied to an examination of metastatic lung carcinomas, particularly from adenocarcinomas in colon and pancreas in which frequent K-ras mutations are detected, and to mass-screening for colorectal tumors using DNA isolated from feces as template.

Alleles↗
PubMed1993

Gene targeting in the Ig kappa locus: efficient generation of lambda chain-expressing B cells, independent of gene rearrangements in Ig kappa.

The production of lambda chain-expressing B cells was studied in mice in which either the gene encoding the constant region of the kappa chain (C kappa) or the intron enhancer in the Ig kappa locus was inactivated by insertion of a neomycin resistance gene. The two mutants have similar phenotypes: in heterozygous mutant mice the fraction of lambda chain-bearing B cells is twice that in the wildtype. Homozygous mutants produce approximately 7 times more lambda-expressing B cells (and about 2.3 times fewer total B cells) in the bone marrow than their normal counterparts, suggesting that B cell progenitors can differentiate into either kappa- or lambda-producing cells and do the latter in the mutants. Whereas gene rearrangements in the Ig kappa locus are blocked in the case of enhancer inactivation, they still occur in that of the C kappa mutant, although in this mutant RS rearrangement is lower than in the wildtype. This indicates that gene rearrangements in the Ig lambda locus can occur in the absence of a putative positive signal resulting from gene rearrangements in Ig kappa, including RS recombination. Complementing these results, we also present data indicating that in normal B cell development kappa chain rearrangement can be preceded by lambda chain rearrangement and that the frequency of kappa/lambda double producers is small and insufficient to explain the massive production of lambda chain-expressing B cells in the mutants.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Deletion of the immunoglobulin kappa chain intron enhancer abolishes kappa chain gene rearrangement in cis but not lambda chain gene rearrangement in trans.

Immunoglobulins (Ig) secreted from a plasma cell contain either kappa or lambda light chains, but not both. This phenomenon is termed isotypic kappa-lambda exclusion. While kappa-producing cells have their lambda chain genes in germline configuration, in most lambda-producing cells the kappa chain genes are either non-productively rearranged or deleted. To investigate the molecular mechanism for isotypic kappa-lambda exclusion, in particular the role of the Ig kappa intron enhancer, we replaced this enhancer by a neomycin resistance (neoR) gene in embryonic stem (ES) cells. B cells heterozygous for the mutation undergo V kappa-J kappa recombination exclusively in the intact Ig kappa locus but not in the mutated Ig kappa locus. Homozygous mutant mice exhibited no rearrangements in their Ig kappa loci. However, splenic B cell numbers were only slightly reduced as compared with the wild-type, and all B cells expressed lambda chain bearing surface Ig. These findings demonstrate that rearrangement in the Ig kappa locus is not essential for lambda gene rearrangement. We also generated homozygous mutant mice in which the neoR gene was inserted at the 3' end of the Ig kappa intron enhancer. Unexpectedly, mere insertion of the neoR gene showed some suppressive effect on V kappa-J kappa recombination. However, the much more pronounced inhibition of V kappa-J kappa recombination by the replacement of the Ig kappa intron enhancer suggests that this enhancer is essential for V kappa-J kappa recombination.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Molecular analysis of the Duchenne muscular dystrophy gene in patients with Becker muscular dystrophy presenting with dilated cardiomyopathy.

Molecular analysis of the Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) gene was performed on 4 unrelated patients with Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) presenting with dilated cardiomyopathy. Two patients with a deletion involving exon 1 were quite unique in that they developed fatal myocardial involvement in their teens, despite the absence of significant muscular weakness. The deletion found in these patients comprised the 3'-end of exon 1 and the greater part of intron 1. Two other patients with a deletion of exon 47 showed progressive muscular atrophy and weakness; they were considered to be typical BMD in both clinical features and the type of gene deletion. We speculate that a deletion around exon 1 may severely damage the expression and/or the function of dystrophin selectively in cardiac muscle, but not in skeletal muscle.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Benign schwannoma in the hepatoduodenal ligament: report of a case.

A 62-year-old woman with a large mass in the hepatic hilus underwent surgery. Histologically the tumor was predominantly composed of spindle-shaped cells with nuclear palisading and cells that stained positively for S-100 protein. The diagnosis was benign schwannoma (neurilemoma). The presence of lymphoid cuffing with lymphoid follicles in the capsule and xanthomatous change differed from conventional soft parts schwannoma and closely resembled benign schwannoma in the gastrointestinal tract.

Bile Duct Neoplasms↗