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Biomedical subjects

S Takai

Publications and source records attributed to S Takai.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Loss of genes on chromosome 22 in medullary thyroid carcinoma and pheochromocytoma.

Using polymorphic DNA markers, we compared the constitutional and tumor genotypes of patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN2 A). We found loss of constitutional heterozygosity at the D22S9 locus in one out of 9 medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTCs). No loss of heterozygosity was detected at 12 other loci in any of the MTCs tested. Loss of heterozygosity at D22S9 and/or D22S1 was also demonstrated in 2 out of 5 pheochromocytomas tested. These results suggest that loss or mutation of a gene on chromosome 22 may play an important role in tumorigenesis in MEN2A.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1987

[Assessment of surgical treatments of medullary thyroid carcinoma by analysis of serum calcitonin levels].

In 67 patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma, serum calcitonin levels were measured before (S1) and after (S2) surgical therapy. Doubling time of serum calcitonin levels (T2) was calculated in each patient with elevated calcitonin levels after surgery. Residual tumor weight (W2) was estimated as W1S2/S1-S2) where W1 was resected tumor weight. Reduction index (alpha) is defined as S2/S1 = (1/2) alpha. alpha T2 indicates expected prolongation in survival (EPS) by surgical therapy. Expected duration of survival after surgery (EDS) is estimated as beta T2, where beta times of doubling of the residual tumor (W2) make 1000 g of tumor which would generally kill the host. Death within 3 years after surgery or recurrence within 5 years was best associated with short EPS followed by short T2 or small alpha. Postoperative calcitonin levels had a rather weak correlation with the prognosis, and preoperative calcitonin levels had almost no correlation with the prognosis during the present observation period. All 3 patients with EDS shorter than 3.9 years died within 2 years and 2 months after surgery. These parameters allow quantitative judgement of the surgical benefit and quantitative prediction of the prognosis in each individual patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Ecology of Rhodococcus (Corynebacterium) equi in soil on a horse-breeding farm.

The ecology of Rhodococcus (Corynebacterium) equi in soil was studied on a horse-breeding farm. R. equi was cultured from soil at a depth of 0, 10, and 20 cm on the six sites of the farm at monthly intervals for 10 months from March to December of 1983. The highest numbers of R. equi were found in the surface soil. The mean number of bacteria in soil samples at every depth increased remarkably from 0 or 10(2) to 10(4) colony-forming units (CFU) g-1 of soil in the middle of April, and later decreased gradually. R. equi inoculated into six soil exudate broths prepared from surface soils at separate sites yielded suspensions with different optical densities, indicating differences in growth. The distribution of serotypes in the soil was similar to that in the horses on the farm. These findings indicated that R. equi could multiply in the soil and flourish in the cycle existing between horses and their soil environment.

Actinomycetales↗
PubMed1986

Quantitative aspects of fecal Rhodococcus (Corynebacterium) equi in foals.

Quantitative aspects of fecal Rhodococcus (Corynebacterium) equi in newborn foals for 12 weeks after birth were investigated on two horse breeding farms. R. equi was found in the feces of foals during week 1 of life. The greatest numbers of R. equi were present in the feces of foals during the first 8 weeks of their lives, which coincides with the age when foals are most liable to be exposed to R. equi.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1986

Immunoglobulin and specific antibody responses to Rhodococcus (Corynebacterium) equi infection in foals as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Humoral immune response to intestinal Rhodococcus (Corynebacterium) equi in horses was studied by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Anti-R. equi immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgG, and IgA antibodies were demonstrated in the healthy horse population. Adult horse levels of anti-R. equi IgM and IgG antibodies were reached by 5 to 9 weeks of age in two healthy newborn foals. R. equi was recovered from the foals in the range of 10(3) to 10(4) per g of intestinal contents. A 1-week-old foal was infected with R. equi by mouth daily for 9 weeks. The foal did not show any clinical signs of illness. Anti-R. equi IgM antibody values in the foal increased about 5 to 8 weeks after initial inoculation, similar to the naturally occurring immune response to intestinal R. equi. There were differences among the antibody responses to R. equi in healthy horses, foals with suspected infection, and infected foals. These results suggest that exposure to R. equi is widespread in the horse population and that intestinal R. equi is the most important source of antigenic stimulation for a naturally occurring immune response in horses.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1986

Chromosome instability in cultured skin fibroblasts from patients with familial polyposis coli and Peutz-Jeghers' syndrome.

Detailed chromosome studies on cultured skin fibroblasts from patients with familial polyposis coli (FPC) and Peutz-Jeghers' syndrome (PJS) showed an increased incidence of chromosome aberrations at early passage levels, as compared with the age-comparable controls. The occurrence of certain clones of karyotypically abnormal cells was recognized in both groups of patients. There was no clear evidence for the emergence of such clones in the controls within the range of the number of cells observed. Our observations may suggest that the increased chromosome instability in the FPC and PJS patients is due to a genetic predisposition rather than an age-related expression of a normal phenomenon. The present studies, however, have not revealed any specific break or exchange point, although several sites were involved in three or more rearrangements.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMed1986

Functioning parathyroid cyst extending from neck to anterior mediastinum. Diagnosis by sonography and computed tomography.

A parathyroid cyst was evaluated by sonography and computed tomography (CT) in a patient with hyperparathyroidism. Sonography demonstrated a cystic lesion near the left lower pole of the thyroid, extending into the anterior mediastinum. On CT, the parathyroid cyst had a slightly high attenuation (30 H), with a smooth wall demonstrated after intravenous administration of contrast material. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the cyst showed elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) level. The lesion probably represents cystic degeneration of an adenoma.

Aged↗