Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Takai

Publications and source records attributed to S Takai.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Prognostic values of the doubling time of serum carcinoembryonic antigen and calcitonin levels in medullary thyroid carcinoma].

Fifteen patients operated on for medullary thyroid carcinoma with elevated postoperative serum calcitonin (CT) levels underwent serial measurements of serum CT and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels. Both CT and CEA levels showed an exponential increase in 12 patients and a slight decrease in three. CEA levels manifested less fluctuation than CT levels. The doubling time of these tumor marker levels calculated from the regression line in each patient showed a strong correlation with three-year survival, recurrence within five years, and the time interval between surgery and recurrence of the tumor, allowing quantitative prediction of the prognosis. However, the doubling time of CEA was longer than that of CT in most patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Quantitative fecal culture for early diagnosis of Corynebacterium (Rhodococcus) equi enteritis in foals.

Quantitative culture of Corynebacterium (Rhodococcus) equi from feces of 17 foals on a farm (A) with an endemic C. equi infection problem and 26 foals on a farm (B) without the disease in the past decade was done with a selective medium at weekly or monthly intervals from April to August of 1984. Corynebacterium equi was observed in the feces of 16 of 17 foals on farm A, and 19 of 26 foals on farm B. The mean viable count of C. equi in one gram of feces was 4.1 +/- 3.7 (log10) on farm A, and 3.9 +/- 3.4 (log10) on farm B. Corynebacterium equi was recovered from feces of foals as young as two weeks old. Almost all foals at an age between two to four weeks shed the bacteria in the feces. During the observation period two foals showed clinical signs: fever, diarrhea, and cough, at four or five weeks old. At the same time the bacterial count per gram of feces increased from 4 to 7 or 8 (log10). They shed large number of bacteria in the feces and continued to show the clinical signs until death at 10 or 11 weeks old. One of the foals was diagnosed as having had C. equi enteritis and pneumonia by the postmortem recognition of lesions with bacteriological confirmation. The quantitative culture of the feces of foals at weekly intervals after birth on farm A was found to be very useful as an aid in early diagnosis of C. equi enteritis in foals.

Actinomycetales Infections↗
PubMed1985

Rotational alignment of the lower limb in osteoarthritis of the knee.

Rotational alignement of the lower limbs in 43 patients with osteoarthritis of the knee was measured by computerized tomography. Eighty-four limbs were classified in three subsets, patello-femoral osteoarthritis (subset P), medial femorotibial osteoarthritis (subset M) and lateral femorotibial osteoarthritis (subset L). The femorotibial angle of subset M was 5 degrees greater than that of subset P on the average. Femoral torsion of subset P was significantly greater than that of subset M. Femoral torsion in osteoarthritis of the knee was correlated with external tibial torsion and external torsion of the leg, which included both external rotation at the knee and external tibial torsion. External torsion of the leg in subset M was less than normal and rotational alignment of subset P was also outside the normal range. Our findings show that the frontal and rotational alignment of the lower limb are aetiological factors in osteoarthritis of the knee.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Analysis of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)-induced DNA damage in tumor cell strains from Japanese patients and demonstration of MNNG hypersensitivity of Mer xenografts in athymic nude mice.

Among 15 human tumor cell strains from Japanese patients, one strain derived from a patient with thyroid cancer showed inability to support the growth of adenovirus 5 treated with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG). When plated on this Mer- strain, adenovirus 5 showed 3-4 times higher sensitivity to MNNG-induced killing than when plated on any of the other 14 Mer+ tumor cell strains. Biochemical analysis showed that the Mer- strain was defective in demethylation repair of O6-methylguanine produced by MNNG treatment. The sensitivities of 12 of the 15 human tumor strains, including the Mer- strain, to MNNG were compared by measuring their colony-forming abilities. All the strains tested showed the Rem- phenotype (having higher sensitivity to MNNG-produced cell killing than normal fibroblasts). The differential killing effects of MNNG on Mer- and Mer+ tumor cells under in vivo conditions were tested using the Mer+ HeLa S3 strain and its Mer- variant. Mer+ cells and Mer- cells were implanted subcutaneously into the left and right flanks, respectively, of 10 nude mice and the next day, MNNG solution (0.25 ml at 1 mg/ml) was injected into the implantation sites of eight mice. Mer- tumor cells in six of eight treated mice showed no growth and those in the other two mice did grow, but regressed after approximately 3 weeks. In contrast, Mer+ tumor cells continued to grow in all the eight mice treated, indicating that Mer- tumor cells may be selectively inactivated by suitable therapeutic regimens with appropriate methylating drugs.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1985

Correlation of in vitro properties of Rhodococcus (Corynebacterium) equi with virulence for mice.

To study the virulence of Rhodococcus (Corynebacterium) equi, seven ATCC strains of different serotypes were tested for their LD50 in mice, clearance of the organism from the lungs and spleen following intravenous or intratracheal inoculation, and in vitro interaction with murine peritoneal macrophages. Strains ATCC 33704 and 33705 were virulent for mice and multiplied in the lungs and spleen, resulting in death of the animal in 5 days. The other five strains were avirulent for mice. The number of bacteria in the lungs and spleen of mice given these five strains decreased immediately. Pulmonary clearance of strains ATCC 33703, 33706, and 33707 was significantly more rapid than that of the virulent strains ATCC 33704 and 33705 12 hr after inoculation. Complete clearance of the avirulent strain ATCC 33707 occurred by day 14, while that of virulent ATCC 33704 and 33705 strains occurred by day 30. The virulent strains ATCC 33704 and 33705 were resistant not only to phagocytosis but also to intracellular killing by macrophages. Strains ATCC 33702 and 33706 were rapidly killed by macrophages although they were rather resistant to phagocytosis. Strain ATCC 33703 was easily phagocytized though resistant to killing by macrophages. The most avirulent strains, ATCC 33707 and 6939, were easily phagocytized and rapidly killed by macrophages. These results indicate that virulence appeared to be related to the ability of the organisms to resist clearance from the lungs and spleen and to resist phagocytosis and intracellular killing by macrophages.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The transplantation of an autogeneic osteochondral fragment for osteochondritis dissecans of the knee.

Osteochondritis dissecans in two adults with a large osteochondral defect on the weight-bearing surface was treated by transplantation of an autogeneic osteochondral fragment. The graft was transplanted from the normal portion of the medial femoral condyle, which in extension was in contact with neither patella nor meniscus. The donor site was repaired with an iliac bone fragment. After curettage of the crater, the osteochondral fragment was transfixed with AO mini-cancellous screw(s). Six months after the operation, the grafted cartilage of one patient looked the same as normal cartilage when macroscopically observed and showed no sign of histologic degeneration. At the follow-up examination, the patients were asymptomatic. One patient had a full range of motion two years and three months later; the other three years later. Roentgenographic examinations revealed slight irregularities at the grafted site. There was no significant change in the patellofemoral joint except the concavity of the donor site.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Amplification and enhanced expression of cellular oncogene c-Ki-ras-2 in a human epidermoid carcinoma of the lung.

The level of c-Ki-ras-2-specific mRNA was found to be markedly enhanced (10- to 20-fold) in a human epidermoid lung carcinoma transplanted into nude mice, compared with that in other lung carcinomas. Analysis of DNA revealed that c-Ki-ras-2 gene was amplified approximately 10-fold in this carcinoma, while c-Ha-ras, c-myc and c-sis were not amplified. Chromosome abnormalities were also observed in this carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of Corynebacterium (Rhodococcus) equi infection in foals.

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to diagnose Corynebacterium (Rhodococcus) equi infection in foals. In tests done with different antigen-extraction procedures (sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium deoxycholate, polyoxy-ethylene [9] p-tert-octylphenol, polyoxy-ethylene [9-10] p-tert-octylphenol, sonification, homogenization, and heat treatment at 121 C), Tween 20 was a satisfactory reactive antigen. Using hyperimmune rabbit sera or infected foal sera, we investigated the specificity and the sensitivity of the ELISA with the Tween 20 antigen of the different serotypes or of the isolates. Corynebacterium equi strain ATCC 6939 antigen had the best activity for detecting antibodies to C equi in foals. Sera from 218 healthy horses, 11 healthy foals, 17 healthy newborn foals, a foal with suspected C equi infection, and 5 infected foals were evaluated for antibodies to C equi, using ELISA. The optical density values of 206 healthy horses, 17 healthy newborn foals, and 9 healthy foals were less than 0.1. Infected foal sera, except from foal 3, and serum from a foal with suspected C equi infection had higher optical density values. Using ELISA, specific antibodies against C equi were detected in a naturally infected 6-week-old foal after the foal had a rapid increase in the number of bacteria in the feces and after the initial development of clinical signs of illness at 5 weeks of age. Therefore, ELISA was useful for the early diagnosis of C equi infection in foals.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Parenteral replacement of thyroid hormones].

Because of the development in parenteral nutrition, the replacement of thyroid hormones in hypothyroid or athyroid patients under intravenous hyperalimentation has become a new problem to be considered. We tried parenteral replacement of the hormones, intravenously or by enema, in three such patients. Two patients, 54 y-o and 64 y-o females, who underwent laryngo-esophago-thyroidectomy for cervical esophageal cancer or thyroid cancer, had replacement with intravenous l-thyroxine with an initial dose of 100 micrograms/day for 9 and 22 days, respectively. Another patient, a 56 y-o female with dysphagia due to local recurrence of cervical esophageal cancer after laryngo-esophago-thyroidectomy, was given 100 mg of desiccated thyroid by enema for 8 days followed by intravenous l-thyroxine for 104 days. Serum levels of thyroxine, triiodothyronine and TSH before l-thyroxine treatment indicated severe hypothyroidism in all cases. During the first 7 days of the intravenous therapy, serum thyroxine and triiodothyronine levels increased by 0.87 +/- 0.14 microgram/dl/day and 6.7 +/- 4.7 ng/dl/day, respectively, while serum TSH levels decreased by 7.8 +/- 6.4 microU/ml/day. Plasma T4 levels reached the normal level within 7 days, and plasma T3 levels within 11 days, while it took 14 days for plasma TSH levels to decrease to the normal level. The maintenance dose checked by the normal TSH levels in a patient undergoing a long term therapy was 75 micrograms/day or 1.83 micrograms/kg of body weight/day.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Enema↗
PubMed1984

Treatment of bladder cancer with a combination of hyperthermia, radiation and bleomycin.

The treatment of urinary bladder cancer with hyperthermia in combination with radiation and bleomycin was investigated. Immediately following a daily course of external bladder irradiation (150-200 rad; total 4 week exposure of 3500-4000 rad), patients diagnosed with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder were irrigated with a solution of warmed saline (intravesical temperature, 42 degrees C-43 degrees C), containing 30 micrograms/ml bleomycin. Of a total of 33 patients, complete responses were observed in 14 patients, and partial responses were observed in 10. The side effects of the combined treatment were limited to local symptoms of bladder and urethral irritation. These preliminary results suggest that the combined use of hyperthermia, radiation, and bleomycin may represent an effective conservative therapy for the management of bladder cancer in humans.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Continuous naloxone infusion in pediatric narcotic overdose.

A 31-month-old girl required constant intravenous (IV) infusion of naloxone hydrochloride to treat codeine-induced respiratory and CNS depression. The infusion rate was 0.4 mg/hr (27 micrograms/kg/hr) over nine hours, without apparent side effects or evidence of toxic effects, for a total naloxone hydrochloride dose of 4.1 mg (280 micrograms/kg). Constant naloxone hydrochloride infusion at an initial rate of 0.4 mg/hr in pediatric narcotic poisoning should be considered if the patient responds inadequately to an initial 0.01-mg/kg bolus, requires repeated administration to reverse narcotic-induced effects, or has ingested long-acting agents. Continuous IV naloxone infusion is a convenient, safe, and effective method to treat narcotic overdose.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1984

Purification and hemagglutinating properties of egg drop syndrome 1976 virus.

We purified three populations of virus particles, F7, F9 and F17, with buoyant densities of 1.34, 1.33 and 1.29 g/ml, respectively, in CsCl equilibrium density gradients from cultures of chick embryo liver cells infected with the H-162 strain of the virus of egg drop syndrome 1976. F9 particles were infectious complete virions and most F17 particles were empty particles. F7 particles were less infectious, and had little capacity of hemagglutination (HA). HA titers were the same at 4 degrees and 37 degrees C and maximal between pH 6.4 and 8.4 and ionic strength from 0.14 to 0.54 M of NaCl. HA titer was inversely proportional to erythrocyte concentration. Potassium periodate destroyed markedly the infectivity of the virus and partially its HA activity at 37 degrees C. HA activity was stable at 56 degrees C or lower temperatures and destroyed at 80 degrees C. Trypsin, alpha-chymotrypsin, papain, ficin and neuraminidase had no effect on HA activity. Alpha-chymotrypsin destroyed the receptor for the virus on chicken erythrocytes, whereas trypsin and neuraminidase did not affect the receptor.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1984

Relation of doubling time of plasma calcitonin levels to prognosis and recurrence of medullary thyroid carcinoma.

Plasma calcitonin (CT) levels were measured serially in 54 patients surgically treated for medullary thyroid carcinoma. Patients with postoperative basal CT levels higher than 1 ng/ml measured within 1 month after surgery had a higher recurrence rate than those with lower CT levels (p less than 0.002). Patients with postoperative basal CT levels higher than 2 ng/ml had a lower survival rate than those with lower CT levels (p less than 0.01). However, preoperative basal CT levels had no significant correlation with life expectancy or recurrence during the present observation period. Serial measurements in 23 patients with elevated postoperative CT levels showed exponential increases in basal CT levels in 19 patients (p less than 0.05 in nine patients, 0.05 less than p less than 0.1 in four patients) and slight decreases in four (p less than 0.05 in one patient). Doubling time of CT levels calculated from the regression line in each patient showed the highest correlation with 3-year survival, recurrence within 5 years, and time interval between surgery and clinical recurrence of the tumor, allowing quantitative prediction of the prognosis.

Calcitonin↗
PubMed1984

The differential diagnosis of cystic neck masses by the determination of thyroglobulin concentrations in the aspirates.

Thyroglobulin (Tg) concentrations in the aspirates of various types of cystic neck masses were measured by RIA to assess the usefulness of this determination in differential diagnosis. The subjects consisted of 16 patients, whose final diagnoses were all established on the basis of operative results; three patients had follicular thyroid adenomas (F-Ad), 11 had papillary thyroid carcinomas (P-Ca), one had a thyroglossal duct cyst (TDC) and one had a lateral cervical cyst (LCC). Tg concentrations in the cyst fluids of F-Ad and P-Ca were very high (0.042-2.83 mg/ml) compared with serum Tg concentrations. There was no difference in Tg concentrations in the fluids of P-Ca between primary lesions (n = 5) and metastatic lesions (n = 6). On the other hand, Tg concentrations of TDC and LCC were very low (less than 100 ng/ml). Difficulty was experienced in diagnosing three patients, even though they had been examined by all nonsurgical diagnostic techniques. However, an occult thyroid carcinoma with lymph node metastasis was diagnosed by demonstrating a high Tg concentration in the aspirate of the cystic lymph node. T3 concentrations in cyst fluids of F-Ad were higher than those of P-Ca. T3 concentrations in the fluids of P-Ca, TDC and LCC did not differ, and were similar to serum T3 levels. Cytology of cyst fluids was positive in four of 10 patients examined with P-Ca. In conclusion, we can clearly confirm the thyroid origin of a cystic neck mass by demonstrating a high Tg concentration in the aspirate. This is especially useful for diagnosis in patients with thyroid carcinoma, including occult thyroid carcinomas with cystic lymph node metastasis.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1984

Structural components of the arch of the foot analyzed by radiogrammetric and multivariate statistical methods.

The structural component of the arches of the human foot were analyzed by a radiogrammetric method and multivariate statistical procedures. The right feet of 101 male university students were radiographed in the standing position from a lateromedial direction. 6 joint heights were measured directly on the radiographs. Factor analysis with varimax rotation showed 3 basic underlying factors for arch heights: (1) calcaneonavicular joint, cuneonavicular joint and first tarsometatarsal joint; (2) calcaneocuboidal joint and 5th tarsometatarsal joint and (3) subtalar joint. The first factor represented the medial longitudinal arch height, the second was associated with the lateral longitudinal arch height. No transverse factor indicating tarsometatarsal or transverse tarsal joints was found. Cluster analysis showed a similar configuration to that in factor analysis. Analysis suggested a key role of the subtalar joint which integrated both the medial and lateral longitudinal arch heights.

Adult↗