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Biomedical subjects

S Subramanian

Publications and source records attributed to S Subramanian.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

A study on the usefulness of counter immuno-electrophoresis for the detection of Salmonella typhi antigen in the sera of suspected cases of enteric fever.

Counter immuno-electrophoresis (CIE) was used to detect the presence of Salmonella typhi antigen and antibodies in the sera of 123 suspected cases of enteric fever. Of these, 68 had been incompletely treated with various antibiotics before establishing the diagnosis. The sera of 31 (25%) of the 123 cases showed the presence of S. typhi antigen. Blood culture was positive for S. typhi in only one case. Antigen could be demonstrated in sera of patients with fever ranging from two to ten days. Antigen could also be demonstrated after ten days in sera of patients who had taken some antibiotics. There is no apparent relationship between the presence of antigen and antibodies in the sera, and no apparent relationship between the CIE antibody and Widal antibody titres.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1983

Isolation of leptospires and demonstration of antibodies in human leptospirosis in Madras, India.

Among 25 clinically suspected cases of leptospirosis, organisms could be isolated from blood and urine of only 10 cases but demonstrated in 15 cases. Antibody titres at a low level were observed to one or more leptospiral antigens in all 25 cases. Nine of the repeated samples from 12 cases showed a four-fold rise in titre. The highest antibody titres were seen against autumnalis. The predominant clinical picture was of fever, myalgia, conjunctival suffusion and jaundice with renal involvement.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1983

Duration of hepatitis B surface antigenaemia and its correlation with the histopathological and clinical outcome in acute and chronic hepatitis.

The persistence of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in 156 patients with histopathologically proven acute viral hepatitis and 27 patients with chronic active hepatitis was assessed and correlated with their clinical and histopathological outcome; 1387 sequential serum samples were tested for HBsAg and its antibody (anti HBs). In the group with acute viral hepatitis, 86% of the patients who recovered, 67% of the patients who deteriorated histopathologically and 67% of the fatal cases carried HBsAg for up to 8 weeks only. While 56% of patients with chronic active hepatitis harboured HBsAg for 13-80 weeks, only 10% of the group with acute viral hepatitis did so. Of patients with chronic active hepatitis 37% deteriorated to cirrhosis and 11% died. Diverse anti-HBs-response patterns are reported and may have clinical significance.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Myocardial protection in infant open heart surgery.

Myocardial protection was evaluated in 2 groups of 5 infants each undergoing correction of either tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) or subcristal ventricular septal defect (VSD). In group A, profound hypothermia and total circulatory arrest (PHTCA) was utilized. In group B, profound hypothermia and total circulatory arrest combined with potassium cardioplegia (PHTCA + K) was the method of protection used. The analysis was carried out by sequential measurements of clinical, electrocardiographic, enzymatic (CK-MB) and ultrastructural parameters. There were no operative deaths. One infant had a second operation for recurrent VSD. The average anoxic time was 35.4 min in group A (PHTCA) and 32.6 min in group B (PHTCA + K). Analysis of our data demonstrated that when potassium cardioplegia was added to PHTCA, there was less intraoperative myocardial damage according to physiological, ultrastructural and biochemical parameters than when profound hypothermia and total circulatory arrest was applied alone.

Creatine Kinase↗
PubMed1982

Photoaffinity labeling of Klebsiella aerogenes citrate lyase by p-azidobenzoyl coenzyme A.

p-Azidobenzoyl coenzyme A functions as a linear competitive inhibitor for (3S)-citryl-CoA in the citryl-CoA oxaloacetate-lyase reaction catalyzed by the Klebsiella aerogenes deacetylcitrate lyase complex (Ki = 80 microM; (3S)-citryl-CoA Km = 67 microM). Inactivation is irreversible on photolysis of p-azidobenzoyl-CoA in the presence of the deacetylcitrate lyase complex. Mg2+ is not required for the inactivation. Inactivation is blocked by (3S)-citryl-CoA in the presence of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. p-Azidobenzoyl-CoA has no effect on the acetyl-CoA:citrate CoA transferase activity of both the deacetylcitrate lyase complex and its isolated transferase subunit. The stoichiometry of the CoA ester binding has been investigated by the use of p-azido[14C]benzoyl-CoA as a photoaffinity reagent. The labeling is exclusively on the lyase beta subunit of the citrate lyase complex.

Acyl Coenzyme A↗
PubMed1982

Hemostasis in experimental pulmonary injury.

Fibrin Seal (consisting of fibrinogen, cold insoluble globulin, factor XIII, antiplasmin, platelet growth factor, thrombin, and calcium chloride), cryoprecipitate, at Avitene were applied to areas of pulmonary wedge resections in dogs and cynomologus monkeys in an attempt to stop bleeding and air leakage. In the control groups, hemorrhage persisted. Comparing the three hemostatic agents used. Avitene was the least effective followed by cryoprecipitate. Fibrin Seal was most effective. In all cases, it eliminated both air leakage and bleeding.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Critical pulmonary stenosis in infants less than three months of age: a reappraisal of closed transventricular pulmonary valvotomy.

Sixteen patients less than 3 months of age underwent closed transventricular pulmonary valvotomy for critical pulmonary stenosis with intact ventricular septum. There were 14 survivors; the 2 deaths were unrelated to the technique. Early and late results reveal good hemodynamics in all but 1 patient who underwent open valvotomy four years later for restenosis. We have used this technique exclusively, as it is safe, requires little preparation for operative relief in the very sick infant, and the early and late results are excellent.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1982

Two-dimensional echocardiographic recognition and surgical management of aortopulmonary septal defect in the premature infant.

An aorticopulmonary septal defect (APSD) results from failure of proper conotruncal separation. The hemodynamic consequences of this lesion closely resemble that of other large left-to-right shunt defects, especially a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Failure to differentiate these 2 abnormalities has not infrequently led to an inappropriate surgical approach in pursuit of the far more common PDA. This report describes the two-dimensional echocardiographic (2-DE) recognition of an APSD in 2 premature infants. Survival of these delicate neonates indicates that successful surgery can be performed even in small infants. A thorough 2-DE examination for an APSD is recommended for any infant before proceeding to surgery for a suspected PDA, especially when cardiac catheterization has not been performed.

Aorta↗
PubMed1982

Complete atrioventricular canal: current surgical technique.

The technique we currently use for repair of complete atrioventricular canal requires 2 separate patches for closure of the atrial and ventricular portion of the defect. The common AV valve is left undivided and is sandwiched between these 2 patches. The cleft in the anterior mitral leaflet is left unsutured to create a trileaflet mitral valve. This technique has been employed in 10 patients (Type C: 9 patients; Type A: one patient; ages: 6 months to 4 1/2 years).

Cardiac Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1982

Detection of circulating antigen in patients with rhinosporidiosis.

A study was undertaken to demonstrate antibodies or antigen in the serum or plasma of 69 patients with rhinosporidiosis. These patients were divided into three groups, depending upon the duration of their illness. In 14 (46.7%) of 30 patients with 1-3 years of infection with R. seeberi, 18 (78.3%) of 23 patients with 4-9 years of infection and 16 (100%) of 16 patients with 10 or more years of infection, apparent rhinosporidial antigen was found in their serum or plasma by counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE). No antibodies could be demonstrated, by immunodiffusion (ID) or by CIE, in the serum or plasma of the 69 patients. CIE was more sensitive for the detection of precipitating antigen than ID.

Antibodies, Fungal↗
PubMed1982

Closed transventricular pulmonary valvotomy in infants.

In an effort to reassess the efficacy of closed transventricular valvotomy in infants with severe pulmonary stenosis, we reviewed 24 consecutive patients who underwent closed transventricular valvotomy. The age range was 1 day to 11 months (median 53 days), with 10 patients under 1 month and 21 under 6 months of age. The weight range was 2.6 to 9.4 kg (median 4.1 kg). The long-term results were assessed by comparing the postoperative to the preoperative clinical and hemodynamic data. The 20 survivors were followed up for 3 to 133 months (median 54 months). All were asymptomatic upon the last follow-up visit, and their electrocardiograms and chest x-ray films were normal or improved. In 12 patients who had cardiac catheterization 7 to 85 months (median 50 months) after operation, the range for the right ventricular-to-left ventricular, or systemic arterial, peak systolic pressure ratio (RV:LV) was 0.97 to 1.7 preoperatively (mean 1.31) and 0.22 to 0.94 postoperatively (mean 0.42) (p less than 0.001). In order to assess the significance of the RV size for the surgical survival, we measured the preoperative RV end-diastolic volume (RVEDV) in 17 patients. Twelve patients had a normal or enlarged RV and all survived the operation, whereas two of the five patients with an RVEDV more than 2 SD below the normal mean (RVEDV less than 23 ml/m2) died postoperatively (p = 0.075). We conclude that closed transventricular valvotomy can be done successfully in infants with severe pulmonary stenosis and an RV which is not small. The risk of cardiopulmonary bypass is avoided and good long-term results can be obtained. We also present evidence that a small RV (RVEDV less than 23 ml/m2) is a potentially important predictor of the surgical risk.

Blood Pressure↗