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Biomedical subjects

S Silverman

Publications and source records attributed to S Silverman.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Distribution of fibronectin and laminin in oral leukoplakia and carcinoma.

We determined the distribution of 2 components of the extracellular matrix, fibronectin and laminin, in normal, premalignant, and malignant oral mucosa. Both indirect immunofluorescence and avidin-biotin complex immunoperoxidase techniques were used with antisera to each glycoprotein. Fibronectin was consistently present in the basement membrane and connective tissue of normal, leukoplakic and malignant oral mucosa regardless of anatomic site. A continuous laminin-reactive basement membrane structure separated tumor parenchyma from the associated stroma except in areas of invasion in which no laminin staining was evident.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1985

Thoracic actinomycosis in childhood.

A 14-year-old boy presenting with a chest wall mass, pulmonary infiltrate, and scoliosis was found to have thoracic actinomycosis with distal vertebral involvement. Review of the medical literature for the past 25 years revealed only 23 other pediatric cases of thoracic actinomycosis. Clinical, standard radiological, and microbiological findings can be nonspecific. The diagnosis is dependent on a high index of suspicion. A long course of penicillin is the treatment of choice. Body computed tomography is a useful diagnostic aid and is helpful also in evaluating response to therapy.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMed1985

Psychoanalytic observations on vulnerability to physical disease.

The psychological indicators discussed in this paper are not per se predictors of physical illness; yet they represent specific genetic-dynamic forces and occur too frequently to be coincidental and of no significance. Rather, they are warning cues to vulnerability to somatic illness and supplementary to the risk factors derived from physical data. The list of vulnerability cues includes exposure to stress. This is an alerting cue; past modes of reaction to stress in the form of physical patterns (but not conversion reactions); regressive shifts of defenses in the direction of resomatization; mounting aggression that is not directly verbalized; diminution of psychologically expressed guilt, though guilt would be expected and indeed becomes manifest in physical form; psychological versions of transference reactions replaced by expressions in body language; dreams in which stimuli from early physical dysfunction are recurrently part of the daily residue and give a somatic cast to current conflicts; identification with important objects that is increasingly expressed in somatic terms. These cues tend to be accompanied by a growing perception of, and preoccupation with, the body. The more such indicators are present and noted, the greater their usefulness in predicting physical illness.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The role of transitionals in mouth rehabilitation.

Mouth rehabilitation calls for the greatest skills we possess as dentists. We have a moral and professional responsibility to our patients to do what is best for them. This can only be achieved by careful checking and cross-checking of our procedures during fabrication. Transitional prostheses, therefore, may serve as a valuable adjunct toward the achievement of success in mouth rehabilitation.

Dental Occlusion↗
PubMed1984

Oral "hairy" leucoplakia in male homosexuals: evidence of association with both papillomavirus and a herpes-group virus.

An outbreak of a new form of oral leucoplakia, found principally on the lateral borders of the tongue, is reported in male homosexuals in the San Francisco area. Many of the patients showed evidence of immunosuppression, and candida was often found in the lesions. The characteristic histology is similar to that of the flat wart of skin. There was immunocytochemical evidence of papillomavirus core antigen in 77% of 30 biopsy specimens, but no papillomaviruses were detected by electron microscopy in samples from 6 randomly selected patients. In 5 of these 6 patients there was evidence of a herpes-type virus. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia has developed in 8 of 37 patients in a 33-month period. This leucoplakia may presage AIDS, may be associated with both papillomavirus and a herpes-type virus, and may offer clues to the pathogenesis of other forms of oral epithelial hyperplasia and dysplasia.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1984

Antibody to early and late antigens of herpes simplex virus type 1 in patients with oral cancer.

HEp-2 cells were infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and harvested at selected times thereafter. IgG, IgA, and IgM antibody to virus antigens present in these cells at each time was measured in sera from oral cancer patients, and in matched controls. The IgA response of oral cancer patients was significantly greater than that of controls both at 8 and at 48 hours after infection, but showed no difference in response to HSV-1 virus particles. IgM antibody detected two peaks of antigen synthesis, at 4 and 48 hours after infection. Oral cancer patients had a stronger IgM response than did controls to both early and late peaks; the latter was significant at the 5% level. Oral cancer patients also had a significantly higher IgM response to the virus particle. These results imply the existence of at least two different HSV-1 antigens associated with oral cancer. Both are late antigens; one is recognized by IgA, and the other is recognized by IgM antibody.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Oral leukoplakia and malignant transformation. A follow-up study of 257 patients.

Two hundred fifty-seven patients with oral leukoplakia were studied and followed for an average period of 7.2 years. All lesions were more than one cm in size and had been present and observed for a minimum of 6 months. Of the initial biopsies, 235 revealed a benign hyperkeratosis and 22 others contained some degree of epithelial dysplasia. Seventy-three percent of the patients used tobacco, with cigarette usage being the predominant form. Forty-five patients (17.5%) subsequently developed squamous carcinomas in the hyperkeratotic epithelial site in an average time of 8.1 years. Eight of these malignant transformations came from patients who originally had epithelial dysplasia. High risks for malignant transformation also included non-smoking patients, the clinical presence of erythroplasia (erythroleukoplakia), and a clinical verrucous-papillary hyperkeratotic pattern. Duration of the leukoplakia progressively increased the total number of malignant transformations, with the largest rate occurring in the second year. This study confirms that oral leukoplakia is a precancerous lesion and that certain characteristics indicate greater risks and warrant consideration of more aggressive management.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Denture wearing and oral cancer.

Four hundred patients with oral cancer were studied to determine if there appeared to be a risk related to denture wearing. Forty-three percent of the group wore dentures, and there seemed to be no correlation between the wearing of dentures and any specific cancer site. Furthermore, there was no difference between denture and nondenture wearers relative to age, sex, time from first signs or symptoms to diagnosis, tumor stage, or tobacco use. In addition, a large number of individuals in the general population wear dentures, and carcinomas occur infrequently in denture-bearing sites. Other studies have shown no difference between denture wearers and control groups in the occurrence of oral cancer. Therefore, it does not seem plausable at this time to consider denture irritation as a significant carcinogenic aggravating factor.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Histopathologic spectrum of oral Kaposi's sarcoma.

There has been a striking increase in the incidence of oral Kaposi's sarcoma in association with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Oral lesions are seen in approximately 50% of AIDS patients with Kaposi's sarcoma. Lesions may appear as a flat or raised pigmented area, often resembling a benign vascular lesion, and are commonly found on the palate. Useful histopathologic criteria for the recognition and diagnosis of oral Kaposi's sarcoma include (1) atypical vascular channels (especially in early lesions), (2) a prominent spindle cell component in later lesions, (3) extravasated red blood cells, (4) hemosiderin, (5) the presence of eosinophilic bodies, (6) chronic inflammatory cells in early lesions, and (7) mitotic figures in tumor-stage lesions.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1984

Toluidine blue staining in the detection of oral precancerous and malignant lesions.

One hundred thirty-two consecutive patients suspected of having malignant or precancerous oral lesions were studied by comparing toluidine blue dye uptake clinically with a simultaneous biopsy. The histopathologic diagnosis confirmed 57 squamous carcinomas, 42 epithelial dysplasias, and 33 benign mucosal changes. Overall accuracy of the toluidine blue uptake was 91%. In the dysplastic and malignant lesions the false negatives were 2%, and there were 30% false positives in the benign lesions. It was concluded that toluidine blue staining is a useful adjunct to careful examination, clinical judgment, and biopsy.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Serum zinc and copper in oral/oropharyngeal carcinoma. A study of seventy-five patients.

Seventy-five patients with oral/oropharyngeal carcinoma were studied to assess the relationship between serum zinc and copper levels, radiation-induced taste loss, and tumor status. There were no significant differences between pretreatment and posttreatment serum mineral levels in cancer patients and in 21 healthy persons who served as controls. Of 30 patients who did not experience spontaneous postradiation taste recovery and were supplemented with zinc sulfate daily for at least 1 month, 11 reported improvement in taste. Serum zinc levels rose markedly in the patients with taste improvement.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1984

Adverse side effects associated with prednisone in the treatment of patients with oral inflammatory ulcerative diseases.

Systemic glucocorticoids in the form of prednisone have been effective in reducing signs and symptoms in a variety of acute and chronic oral inflammatory diseases. In the 101 patients prospectively studied, the benefits from prednisone treatment far outweighed the adverse side effects, which occurred in 61 patients. However, none of the adverse side effects was severe enough to require cessation of the prednisone. The adverse effects, which could be minimized by reducing the dosage in most instances, were primarily related to treatment that persisted for more than two weeks. Fluid retention or bloating was the most common symptom, and insomnia was the chief side effect in those patients receiving short-term treatment (less than two weeks). Blood sugar, blood pressure, weight, and white blood cell counts were not meaningfully altered. Variables in patients' drug response and side effects precluded formulation of precise prednisone dosages that would allow predictive outcomes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Immunoglobulin class of antibody to herpes simplex virus in patients with oral cancer.

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure antibody of the IgG, IgA, and IgM classes against Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in human sera. Patients with untreated oral cancer had higher levels of IgM antibody to HSV-1 than did either patients with acute or recurrent herpetic infections or age-matched control subjects. Levels of IgM antibody to cytomegalovirus and total serum IgM concentrations were similar in all groups. Patients who had been treated successfully for oral cancer more than one year earlier did not have higher levels of IgM antibody to HSV-1. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that cancer of the mouth is associated with expression of HSV-1 antigens that stimulate IgM rather than IgG antibody responses.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Oral manifestations of tumor and opportunistic infections in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS): findings in 53 homosexual men with Kaposi's sarcoma.

Fifty-three homosexual men with Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) were studied. Twenty-seven had biopsy-proved oral KS, the palate being the most common site. Past or present infections with cytomegalovirus, hepatitis, venereal diseases, and gastrointestinal microorganisms occurred in more than 70%. Oral candidiasis was confirmed in 57%. Heavy marijuana smoking was the most common habit. Transmission of AIDS is thought to be by a viral agent. Precautions involving the use of gloves, eyeglasses, and masks, similar to those recommended for the management of patients with hepatitis B, are urged.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1983

The differential diagnosis of pyostomatitis vegetans and its relation to bowel disease.

Pyostomatitis vegetans is a rare oral disorder that is usually associated with bowel and/or skin disease. The clinical appearance is of soft hyperplastic folds of mucosa characterized by small miliary abscesses with superficial erosions. Upon analysis of the clinical, histologic, and immunofluorescent findings, cases of pyostomatitis vegetans may be classified as the oral manifestation of either pyoderma vegetans of Hallopeau, pemphigus vegetans of Hallopeau, or pemphigus vegetans of Neumann, although the exact definitions and even the existence of these diseases as separate entities are still a matter of controversy.

Adult↗