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Biomedical subjects

S Silverman

Publications and source records attributed to S Silverman.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Histiocytosis X: occurrence and oral involvement in six adolescent and adult patients.

Six cases of adolescent- and adult-onset histiocytosis X with oral involvement and their evaluation are described. Clinical findings can be mistaken for dental infection. Management involved a combination of low-dose radiation and chemotherapeutic drugs. The extreme variability of clinical signs and symptoms and the extent and progression of the disease suggest that the classic classification of histiocytosis X is inappropriate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Metastatic chordoma to the mandible.

The chordoma is a slowly growing spinal cord tumor that rarely metastasizes. This is the first report in the literature of a chordoma with metastasis to the mandible. The mandibular involvement occurred 4 years after the primary sacral chordoma was controlled by excision and radiation. The jaw lesion did not respond to radiation but has been controlled by resection.

Chordoma↗
PubMed1983

Tobacco usage in patients with head and neck carcinomas: a follow-up study on habit changes and second primary oral/oropharyngeal cancers.

One hundred and sixty patients with head and neck carcinomas were followed from one to 15 years to assess the associations between tobacco usage and the development of multiple head and neck cancers. Seventy-three percent had tobacco habits, with nine of ten users smoking cigarettes. In almost one in five patients (18.1%), second primary oral/oropharyngeal cancers developed in a mean time of five years. Those who did not change their original tobacco habits incurred the greatest risk, as a second primary cancer developed in 30%. Reducing or discontinuing smoking appeared to have a beneficial effect. There was also an increased risk for multiple cancers in males, probably because of their larger amount of daily smoking.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Impact of network organization on head and neck cancer control.

Prior to the Northern California Head and Neck Cancer Network, there had been no organized community effort regarding detection, management, and rehabilitation of head and neck cancers. Organization depended upon endorsement by the newly formed Northern California Cancer Program (NCCP) and membership of major treatment centers. Important developmental steps included financial support, a principal investigator, a representative multidisciplinary Steering Committee and By-laws. The organization established a support staff and subcommittees of volunteer professionals for the following areas: standards of care (state-of-the-art); patient management guidelines; epidemiology and evaluation; pre-treatment conferences; screening programs and dental hygienist training; demonstration of rehabilitation techniques; and professional education. Assessment of the contract period with a baseline year indicated beneficial and progressive standards of care, improved referral patterns, and areas of weakness useful in guiding future educational efforts. Utilizing a large target population of almost 9 million and 72 institutions responsible for more than 80% of the cancer patients yielded data on 1,790 patients that was meaningful and realistic regarding cancer control. The pre-treatment conferences in four different geographic locations are continuing, as well as rehabilitation programs in each area. The cooperative multidisciplinary, multi-institutional efforts developed during the contract are continuing in educational and research programs. Screening programs were shown not to be cost effective.

California↗
PubMed1982

Neutralizing antibody to herpes simplex virus type 1 in patients with oral cancer.

Neutralizing antibody to Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), type 2, and measles virus was measured in the serum of patients with oral cancer, patients with oral leukoplakia, and in control subjects who were smokers and nonsmokers. Significantly higher titers to HSV-1 were found in controls who smoked than in controls who did not smoke. Patients with untreated oral cancer had HSV-1 neutralizing titers similar to those of the controls who smoked, but those with later stage tumors had higher titers than those with earlier stage tumors. In patients who were tumor free after treatment for oral cancer, higher antibody titers to HSV-1 were associated with longer survival times. No association was found between clinical status and antibody to measles virus. The data are consistent with a role for both HSV-1 and smoking in the pathogenesis of oral cancer.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1982

Serum vitamin B12, folate, and iron levels in recurrent aphthous ulceration.

Hematologic deficiencies have previously been described in some cases of recurrent aphthous ulceration (RAU). Ninety patients with RAU and twenty-three healthy control subjects were evaluated by complete blood count, serum iron, and total iron-binding capacity, serum vitamin B12, and serum or red blood cell folate. Only three of ninety RAU patients proved to have abnormalities. There were no statistically significant differences between the patient and control populations, and no one in either group had abnormal serum vitamin B12 or serum or RBC folate assays. None of the patients or controls gave a history or symptoms suggestive of iron-deficiency or megaloblastic anemia, and all were without gastrointestinal complaints. These results suggest that hematologic tests other than a complete blood count are not routinely indicated for patients with RAU.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Pemphigus vulgaris. A study of six cases treated with levamisole and prednisone.

Six patients with pemphigus vulgaris (PV) who had been treated unsuccessfully with other modalities and who were maintained on prednisone for disease control were started on levamisole in addition to their minimum effective dose of prednisone (40 to 80 mg. daily). All patients responded within 2 to 8 weeks. The minimum effective dose range of prednisone when used with levamisole was reduced to 5 to 35 mg. daily. A temporary minor side effect occurred in only one patient. This corticosteroid-sparing, combination-drug approach for patients with PV has resulted in acceptable clinical control and diminution of the side effects that often interfere with high-dosage, long-term treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Discriminating good sleepers from insomniacs using all-night polysomnograms conducted at home.

Twelve good sleepers and 12 insomniacs were recorded over three nights in their homes. Subjective assessment of sleep indicated minimal disruption due to sleep recording procedures. A cut point of 88 per cent sleep efficiency resulted in correct classification of nine poor sleepers and 10 good sleepers. Multiple discriminant function analyses, using variables related to rapid eye movement sleep, resulted in the same number of correct classifications. The two indices combined resulted in 100 per cent exclusion of false positives for good sleepers and insomniacs. Insomniacs also showed more night-to night variability in sleep and greater difficulty in returning to sleep once aroused. These results show that good sleepers and insomniacs can be distinquished with a high degree of resolution using variables derived from the home all-night sleep recording.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

In vivo demonstration of small intestinal villi in dogs and monkeys using radiographic magnification.

Direct radiographic magnification (3.6 x) and a microfocal spot radiographic tube (0.13 mm) were used in double contrast studies of intestinal villi in adult dogs and monkeys. The villi appeared as lucent lines surrounded by barium in profile, and as lucent dots en face; this was verified by specimen radiographic and histological analysis. The use of fast screen-film combination, motility depressant, microfocal spot tube, and air-gap technique produced a radiograph of greater detail than that obtained with conventional focal spot, source-image distance, and film-screen combination. The advantages and limitations of microfocal direct magnification radiography of the small intestine are discussed.

Air↗
PubMed1981

Osteonecrosis in patients irradiated for head and neck carcinoma.

One hundred patients irradiated for cancers of the oral cavity, oropharynx, and nasopharynx were evaluated for the occurrence of osteonecrosis and associated predisposing factors. Selection was based on availability of complete dental records, a minimum of six months follow-up, and treatment fields, which included maxilla and/or mandible. Bone doses were calculated by using radiotherapy treatment records, port films, and isodose distributions. Osteonecrosis developed in 19 of 78 dentulous patients and in 3 of 22 edentulous patients. The time of development of osteonecrosis varied; in 15 cases osteonecrosis occurred more than one year after treatment. The most important risk factor for the development of osteonecrosis was the radiation dose to bone, particularly in the less vascular mandible. Osteonecrosis 7500 rads to the bone. None of the patients who received less than 6500 rads developed osteonecrosis. The risk was significantly greater when teeth were removed after therapy compared with those individuals with extractions before radiation or no extractions at all.

Head and Neck Neoplasms↗
PubMed1980

Teratological and radiocephalometric analysis of craniofacial malformations induced with retinoic acid in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta).

Fifteen pregnant Macaca mulatta were treated with doses of 20 or 40 mg of retinoic acid between 19--45 or 17--45 days of gestation, respectively, for 4--8 consecutive days. Based on gross examination, ten malformed infants, including one stillbirth and one abortus, four normal infants, and one resorption were produced. The most critical sensitive period was between days 24--35 of gestation, and the malformations primarily involved the craniofacial skeleton. Ten treated infants and eight age-matched controls were cephalometrically analyzed using craniometric points as closely correlated as possible with those in humans in order to define the craniofacial malformations induced prenatally by retinoic acid. Although all ten animals had detectable linear and angular deviations from the controls, four had cephalometric patterns which appeared to be of similar developmental origin.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗