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Biomedical subjects

S Robinson

Publications and source records attributed to S Robinson.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

The effect of halothane on the baroresponse of adult and baby rabbits.

The effect of anesthesia on the baroresponse of infants is not known. Therefore, the authors studied the baroreceptor activity of adult and 10- to 14-day-old rabbits during halothane anesthesia. The arterial systolic pressure was increased 20 to 30 per cent by injecting 0.03-0.04 mg/kg of phenylephrine into the femoral or external jugular vein while recording the electrocardiogram and femoral arterial blood pressure. The slope of the R-R interval on systolic pressure (baroresponse) was determined. The studies were done in the awake, unmedicated state and at 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 MAC halothane. Oxygen was the carrier gas. The sensitivity of the response was different in the two groups of animals. When awake, the adults' slope was greater than that of the babies. During anesthesia the slopes decreased in both groups, but the decrease was greater in the babies. At 0.5 MAC halothane, the baroresponse was reduced 80 and 54 per cent in baby and adult rabbits, respectively. Lag time (the time between the onset of the rise in systolic blood pressure and the change in R-R interval) was prolonged in both the babies and the adults. Both showed the same prolongation during anesthesia, although the percentage change in the babies was greater.

Aging↗
PubMed1982

Screening for depression and anxiety in the post-natal period: acceptance or rejection of a subsequent treatment offer.

A technique is described for the potential secondary prevention of post-natal depression and anxiety. All mothers attending Baby Health Centres in one Shire were screened with self-rating scales for depression and anxiety at six to eight weeks postpartum. Six per cent of mothers scored as suspected cases of depression and 11.6% as suspected cases of anxiety. The subsequent course of these suspected cases was checked by screening again at six months. Twelve suspected depressed mothers were offered a psychiatric interview and 50% refused this offer. Possible reasons for treatment refusal are discussed. The feasibility of introducing screening for affective disturbance as a routine procedure in Baby Health Centres is commented upon.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Unusual inclusions in plasmacytoid cells. Their occurrence in a patient with Waldenström's macroglobulinemia.

The bone marrow from a patient with Waldenström's macroglobulinemia was studied, and histologic, immunopathologic, and ultrastructural features correlated. The infiltrating plasmacytoid lymphocytes contained PAS-negative cytoplasmic inclusions, which were shown to contain a specific immunoglobulin that matched the patients's circulating paraprotein. Electron microscopic studies revealed abundant dense fibrillar and globular material within dilated cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum. This material was morphologically similar to, but quantitatively different from, an endoplasmic reticulum-associated structure previously described in several patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The differences between these fibrillar inclusions and Russell bodies are stressed.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

[Detection of focal hepatic lesions by ultrasound and radionuclear studies].

Sonographic and radionuclear studies of the liver were performed in 68 patients admitted for suspected hepatic lesions. In 58 (85%) both studies gave similar findings. In 29 further investigations were required for accurate diagnosis. The ultrasonographic study was accurate in 97% and the radionuclear study in 72% while the two studies together achieved an accuracy of 89%. Sonographic study of the liver may in some cases indicate the consistency of the lesion (solid or fluid filled), which is of great clinical importance. However, hepatic nuclear scan is simple and available in most medical centers, making it the procedure of choice for evaluating space-occupying lesions of the liver.

Humans↗
PubMed1981

Arm and leg intravascular temperatures of men during submaximal exercise.

Rectal (Tre) and blood temperatures in the femoral artery (Tfa), femoral vein (Tfv), axillary artery (Taa), and axillary vein (Tav) were determined in three men over a range of steady-state treadmill exercise (173-401 W/m2) in a 24 degree C db, 15 degree C wb environment. When the men were standing quietly before the walks Tre greater than Tfa greater than Taa greater than Tfv greater than Tav, indicating that under these resting conditions both the arms and the legs served as avenues for arterial heat dissipation. By the end of all 1-h walks, Tre, Tfa, Tasa, and Tfv had increased in a linear fashion with work load, Tav had dropped, and Tre greater than Tfv greater than or equal to Tfa greater than or equal to Taa greater than Tav. The maintenance or expansion of axillary arteriovenous temperature differences during exercise indicated that the less active arms continued to serve as routes for arterial heat loss. The lack of femoral arteriovenous temperature differences demonstrated that under these steady-state exercise conditions there was little or no net vascular heat transfer between the active legs and the central circulation. Rectal-femoral intravascular temperature differences at rest and over the full range of submaximal work employed favor heat transfer from the rectum to the circulation. Consequently the rise in Tre during leg work was considered the result of a reduction in local heat dissipation and some possible heat gained from nearby intrapelvic muscles.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Fentanyl-air-oxygen anesthesia for ligation of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants.

In 10 premature infants (1123 +/- 263 g), fentanyl citrate (30 to 50 microgram/kg) was used in conjunction with pancuronium (0.1 mg/kg) as the sole anesthetic for transthoracic ligation of patent ductus arteriosus. Ventilation was controlled with air and oxygen in concentrations sufficient to maintain transcutaneous PO2 between 50 and 70 torr. Circulatory stability was easily maintained throughout the procedure. "Stiff chest" was avoided by the use of muscle relaxants, and the infants were awake within 1 hour after the procedure.

Air↗
PubMed1980

A study of induced hyponatremia in the prevention and treatment of sickle-cell crisis.

Because the formation of sickle cells is dependent on the intracellular concentration of deoxyhemoglobin S, we investigated the possibility of altering or preventing sickle-cell crises by reducing serum sodium so as to cause red cells to swell. In three patients with sickle-cell anemia who had been disabled by recurrent painful crises, sustained dilutional hyponatremia was induced by 1-desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP) in combination with a high fluid intake. Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration fell, and the degree of sickling at low partial oxygen pressure was reduced, as determined by morphologic criteria and by increased oxygen affinity of blood. Chronic hyponatremia (serum sodium, 120 to 125 mmol per liter) reduced the frequency of painful crises, whereas acutely induced hyponatremia abbreviated the duration of crises. These results, although preliminary, are encouraging enough to warrant further study of the safety and effectiveness of induced hyponatremia in the prevention and treatment of sickle-cell crises.

Adult↗