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Biomedical subjects

S Richter

Publications and source records attributed to S Richter.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Risk-benefit analysis of a hCG-500 kcal reducing diet (cura romana) in females].

The British physician A.T.W. Simeons described in 1954 a new method for dieting. He combined a reduction diet (500 kcal per day) with daily injections of the pregnancy hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) (125 IU i.m.). According to Simeons the patient should not lose more weight during a 4-to-6 weeks' diet than without hCG, but the injections should facilitate to maintain the diet and to lose body weight at specific parts of the body (e.g. hip, belly, thigh). After the first publication various studies conducted with male and female patients analysed the efficacy of the "Cura romana". 10 of these studies showed positive and another 10 studies negative results with regard to hCG-related weight reduction. Two of these studies with positive results were double-blind studies (hCG vs. placebo). Most of them were reports on therapeutical experiences and were not controlled studies. According to these reports the body proportions normalized and the feeling of hunger was tolerable. Four out of 10 studies with negative results were controlled studies (hCG vs. control without hCG), whereas 6 were double-blind studies. These studies showed a significant weight reduction during dieting, but no differences between treatment groups in respect of body weight, body proportions and feeling of hunger. One of them is the only German study conducted by Rabe et al. in 1981 in which 82 randomised premenopausal volunteers had been dieting either with hCG or without hCG injections. In recent publications describing mostly well-documented double-blind studies authors largely reject hCG administration in dieting. Supporters of the hCG diet must prove the efficacy of this method in controlled studies according to the German Drug Law. Until then the opinion of the German steroid toxicology panel is still valid, that hCG is ineffective in dieting and should not be used (Bolt 1982 a, 1982 b).

Appetite↗
PubMed1986

Absorbed doses from intraoral radiography with special emphasis on collimator dimensions.

Thermoluminescence dosimeters were used in a phantom head and on patients to measure the absorbed dose to organs of special interest from full surveys with intraoral films (20 exposures) and single bitewing exposures. Two x-ray machines were used, operating at 65 kVp. The apertures of the circular tube collimators had diameters of 55 mm and 48 mm. Rectangular (35 mm X 44 mm) tube collimators were also used. The distance from the x-ray focus to the open end of the collimators (FSD) was 0.20 and 0.35 m. Exposure values for Kodak Ultra-Speed film (speed group D) were used. The maximum skin dose measured from the full surveys decreased by 25 per cent on changing from the circular to the rectangular apertures. Using 0.35 m FSD and rectangular collimator the maximum skin dose was 13 mGy. The absorbed doses to the salivary glands and the thyroid gland were significantly reduced on changing from circular to rectangular apertures. The doses in the central part of the parotid and the thyroid glands were then 0.5 and 0.12 mGy, respectively, from a full survey with 20 intraoral films. With a leaded shield the thyroid dose was reduced to 0.05 mGy. All dose values could be further reduced by 40 per cent by using Kodak Ektaspeed film (speed group E).

Equipment Design↗
PubMed1986

High incidence of hypertension in older patients after unilateral nephrectomy. A retrospective study.

Twenty-six normotensive patients, who underwent unilateral nephrectomy for nontumoral urological diseases, were reevaluated. The mean postoperative follow-up period was 13.8 +/- 0.7 years. Eleven patients developed hypertension, and 15 patients remained normotensive. The former were 47.1 +/- 3.3 years old, and the latter 36.5 +/- 2.9 years old at the time of nephrectomy (P less than 0.02). The mean preoperative systolic blood pressure was higher in the group of 11 hypertensive patients (126.7 +/- 2.4 mm Hg) than in the 15 normotensive patients (118.2 +/- 2.9 mm Hg), P less than 0.04. Preoperative diastolic blood pressure was similar in the two groups (77.8 +/- 1.5 vs. 75 +/- 2 mm Hg). Preoperative and follow-up serum creatinine levels were similar in both groups. Mean creatinine clearance (Ccr) at the time of follow-up was not significantly different in the hypertensive patients compared with the normotensive patients. One patient developed proteinuria and chronic renal failure (Ccr of 31 ml/min). Two other patients with normal Ccr had a daily protein excretion of 840 and 2,000 mg/24 h, respectively. The incidence of hypertension, after nephrectomy, of 75% in patients greater than 55 years old seems to be significantly higher than the 30% reported in an aged-matched normal Israeli population. This did not apply to the patients less than 55 years old. In most of the cases, long-term follow-up did not reveal significant uninephrectomy induced changes in renal function.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Cloning of heat-shock locus 93D from Drosophila melanogaster.

Using the microcloning approach a number of recombinant lambda phages carrying DNA from the 93D region have been isolated. Screening genomic libraries, cloned in phage lambda or cosmid vectors, with this isolated DNA yielded a series of overlapping DNA fragments from the region 93D6-7 as shown by in situ hybridization to polytene chromosomes. In vitro 32P-labelled nuclear RNA prepared from heat-shocked third instar larvae hybridized specifically to one fragment within 85 kb of cloned DNA. The region which is specifically transcribed after heat shock could be defined to a cluster of internally-repetitive DNA and its neighbouring proximal sequences. Over a sequence of 10-12 kb in length the DNA is cut into repeat units of approximately 280 nucleotides by the restriction endonuclease TaqI. The TaqI repeat sequences are unique in the Drosophila genome.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Prostatic carcinoma with concomitant non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Report of 2 cases.

We report 2 cases of adenocarcinoma of the prostate with concomitant non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Only 9 cases of this rare combination have been reported. Both cases are responding well to treatment. The 1st case is 17 years since the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of prostate and 6 years since the appearance of the lymphoma. The 2nd case is 1 year after being operated on for a gastric lymphoma and 7 months since the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of prostate was made.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Vasectomy to prevent acute epididymo-orchitis after prostatic adenomectomy: still a controversy.

There has been a controversy for almost 80 years about the usefulness of vasectomy in the prevention of acute epididymo-orchitis (EO) after prostatic adenomectomy (PA). In the last few years, improved surgical equipment and new more effective antibiotics have drastically diminished the incidence of this complication. The purpose of this report is to show that because of the devastating effect of the disease, and in spite of its low incidence there is still a clear indication for vasectomy, and also that infected urine, a preoperative indwelling urethral catheter, duration of postoperative catheterization and postoperative complications do not affect the incidence of post-PA acute EO.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Radiation absorbed doses in cephalography.

Radiation absorbed doses to different organs in the head and neck region in lateral (LAT) and postero-anterior (PA) cephalography were investigated. The doses were measured by thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLD) on a tissue equivalent phantom head. Lanthanide screens in speed group 4 were used at 90 and 85 kVp. A near-focus aluminium dodger was used and the radiation beam was collimated strictly to the face. The maximum entrance dose from LAT was 0.25 mGy and 0.42 mGy from a PA exposure. The doses to the salivary glands ranged between 0.2 and 0.02 mGy at LAT and between 0.15 and 0.04 mGy at PA exposures. The average thyroid gland dose without any shielding was 0.11 mGy (LAT) and 0.06 mGy (PA). When a dodger was used the dose was reduced to 0.07 mGy (LAT). If the thyroid gland was shielded off, the dose was further reduced to 0.01 mGy and if the thyroid region was collimated out of the primary radiation field the dose was reduced to only 0.005 mGy.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1983

Should a benign renal cyst be treated?

Between 1964 and 1980 we reviewed 103 patients with benign renal cysts. Their treatment ranged from nephrectomy to observation and follow-up only. It was concluded that the best form of therapy for this condition is regular follow-up.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Radiation shielding in dental radiography.

The protective effect in the thyroid region from different types of radiation shielding at intraoral radiography has been studied as well as the reduction of the absorbed dose to the sternal and the gonadal regions. The shielding tested were the different types of leaded aprons, of which three had an attached leaded collar and the other two were used in combination with separate soft leaded collars. Furthermore one of the soft leaded collars and an unflexible horizontal leaded shield were tested separately. Two dental x-ray machines of 60 and 65 kVp with rectangular and circular tube collimators were used. The exposure times corresponded to speed group E film. The absorbed doses were measured with two ionization chambers. No significant difference in the protective effect in the thyroid gland could be found between the different types of radiation shieldings. There was a dose reduction by approximately a factor of 2 to the thyroid region down to 0.08 mGy per full survey using parallelling technique, and below 0.001 mGy per single bitewing exposure. The shielding reduced the thyroid dose using bisecting-angle technique by a factor of 5 down to 0.15 mGy per full survey (20 exposures). In the sternal region the combinations of apron and collar reduced the absorbed dose from a full survey to below 2 microGy compared with 18 microGy (parallelling) and 31 microGy (bisecting-angle) without any shielding. With the horizontal leaded shield a reduction by a factor of 6 was obtained, but no significant sternal dose reduction could be detected from the soft collar alone. The gonadal dose could be reduced by a factor of 10 with the horizontal leaded shield, parallelling technique and circular collimator. Using leaded aprons the gonadal was approximately one per cent of the dose without any shielding, i.e. below 0.01 microGy per single intraoral exposure.

Humans↗