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Biomedical subjects

S Otsuki

Publications and source records attributed to S Otsuki.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Neuroleptic drugs and 5HT1 receptor: different potencies of various neuroleptic drugs on 5HT1 receptors in discrete regions of the rat brain.

The potencies of various neuroleptic drugs (zotepine, chlorpromazine-HCl, haloperidol and spiperone) on serotonin1 (5HT1) receptors were examined in discrete rat brain regions using the radio receptor assay. The potencies of the neuroleptic drugs on 5HT1 receptors were clearly differentiated in the discrete brain regions: zotepine was the most potent in the frontal cortex, striatum and brain stem; spiperone was the most potent in the hippocampus. Furthermore, zotepine and chlorpromazine-HCl produced no great differences among the various regional 5HT1 receptors, while butyrophenones, haloperidol and spiperone showed remarkable differences. These findings demonstrate that the neuroleptic drugs can be differentiated according to their different affinities for regionally discrete 5HT1 receptors in the brain. This suggests that 5HT1 receptors may be able to be classified into two subtypes: the zotepine and chlorpromazine-HCl group having a high affinity for one subtype and butyrophenones a high affinity for the other.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Clinical and biochemical effects of calcium-hopantenate on neuroleptics-induced tardive dyskinesia.

Calcium-hopantenate (HOPA), a derivative of GABA, was administered to 9 psychiatric patients with neuroleptics-induced tardive dyskinesia. In a clinical study, involuntary movements have improved significantly after a 4-8-week medication. Although there was no correlation between the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of HOPA, GABA, HVA or clinical response, the CSF HOPA levels significantly correlated with changes in the CSF GABA levels. These results suggest that HOPA alleviates the symptoms of tardive dyskinesia being mediated by the central GABAergic mechanisms.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Familial spastic paraplegia with epilepsy.

We report a family whose members have familial spastic paraplegia (FSP) associated with epilepsy. A man and his sister initially had primary generalized epilepsy with tonic-clonic seizures, but they have had no seizures for years. However, they developed spastic paresis of the lower extremities and presently show features of FSP. Their mother seemed to have suffered from FSP. One son of the female patient has epilepsy. The clinical picture of this family suggests a close relationship between FSP and epilepsy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Chronological change in abnormal behavior produced by long-term methamphetamine administration in the rat].

Rats received once daily injections of methamphetamine (MAP; 4 mg/kg/day) intraperitoneally, at most 100 times. Enhanced ambulatory activity by MAP reduced during the long-term administration of MAP. The mean rating score of MAP-induced abnormal behavior, including locomotion, stereotyped behavior, motor inhibition and the response to acoustic stimulation, increased until 56th injection of MAP. But after that, the score tended to decrease mainly because the injected MAP failed to keep the movement of rats reduced under acoustic stimulation. Neither the time course of these rating score nor the decrease in [3H] spiperone binding sites, examined after the injection of MAP 100 times, seemed to develop along with the repeated MAP administration. Thus, the changes in both behavior and [3H] spiperone binding sites produced by repeated MAP would not necessarily indicate the symptoms of MAP-induced psychosis in man, because the susceptibility to psychosis in man increases along with the time of MAP injection. It is presumed that the animal model of psychosis produced by administration of MAP is important not as a model of psychotic symptoms, but as a model of increased susceptibility to psychosis induced by MAP.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Infantile autism and Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

We report a boy with autism and Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Myopathy was noted after 2 years of age and has since progressed slowly. At present this autistic child, 11 years 4 months old, has shown no signs of deterioration.

Autistic Disorder↗
PubMed1984

Possible relationship between antimanic effect and activity of zotepine to 5HT1 receptor.

Zotepine (ZTP), synthesized by Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. for possible use as an antipsychotic drug, clinically features a very rapid and potent antimanic effect. To elucidate the psychopharmacological mechanisms of zotepine, we have attempted to measure the potency of ZTP compared with other neuroleptic drugs in competing for binding sites in the brain associated with dopamine, serotonin (5-HT1, 5-HT2), noradrenaline (NA) and acetylcholine. Zotepine was found to have the most potent activity to the 5HT1 receptor among the test drugs. Chlorpromazine and thioridazine, which belong to phenothiazines and clinically have less potent antimanic effect, shared ZTP's potent activity to the NA receptor, while they were less potent than ZTP in activity to the 5HT1 receptor. These results show that the activity of the drugs to the 5HT1 receptor may be associated with the antimanic effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Tardive dyskinesia and neurotransmitters: effects of sodium valproate, cyproheptadine, oxypertine, hydroxyzine pamoate and Ca-hopantenate on monoamine metabolites, cyclic nucleotides and gamma-aminobutyric acid in human cerebrospinal fluid.

Lumbar cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) homovanillic acid (HVA), 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), cyclic AMP (cAMP) and cyclic GMP (cGMP) were measured in chronic schizophrenics with tardive dyskinesia before and three weeks after the initial treatment with sodium valproate (VPA), cyproheptadine, oxypertine or hydroxyzine pamoate. HVA levels significantly decreased after the administration of VPA, cyproheptadine or oxypertine. Cyclic GMP levels significantly increased after the administration of VPA or cyproheptadine. Elevation of the cAMP level was observed after the administration of VPA, cyproheptadine or oxypertine. An elevation of the MHPG level was observed during oxypertine treatment and a reduction of the 5-HIAA level was observed during hydroxyzine pamoate treatment. Decreases in HVA and increases in cGMP levels during treatment might be indicative of normalization of the dopaminergic-cholinergic imbalance in the brain. Lumbar CSF HVA and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) were also measured in patients with tardive dyskinesia before and eight weeks after Ca-hopantenate treatment. No significant changes were observed before or after this treatment. The hypothesis is discussed that the pathogenesis of tardive dyskinesia may involve functional disorders not only of the dopaminergic or cholinergic system but also of the norepinephrinergic, serotoninergic and GABA-ergic systems.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Reduction of 3H-kainic acid binding in rat cerebral cortex by chronic methamphetamine administration.

Specific 3H-kainate binding to membrane homogenates of rat cerebral cortex was compared in three paired groups: (i) acute methamphetamine (MAP) (4 mg/kg, ip) or saline; (ii) MAP or saline for 14 days followed by 7 days abstinence; and (iii) MAP or saline for 14 days, 7 days abstinence, and an acute test dose of MAP (4 mg/kg). Acute MAP administration did not produce any alteration in density or affinity of either high- or low-affinity kainate binding sites. Chronic MAP exposure lowered the density of high-affinity kainate binding sites (approximately 10% reduction). Acute readministration of MAP after chronic injections did not cause further changes. The decrease in density of high-affinity binding sites was seen only after repetitive MAP. This reduction was present equally in both anterior and posterior parts of the cerebral cortex. Such changes might share the mechanisms responsible for the susceptibility to MAP-induced behavioral supersensitivity and psychotic states.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[The effect of a novel TRH analog (DN-1417) on postictal seizure inhibition in amygdaloid kindled cats].

Anticonvulsant and prophylactic effects of DN-1417, a novel TRH analog, were reported previously in kindled cat preparations which had been established as an experimental model of epilepsy. This study was conducted to examine an effect of DN-1417 on postictal events including postictal seizure inhibition (PSI). A recycling paradigm consisted of 8 amygdaloid stimuli at 1 hour intervals was applied to evaluate the PSI. Six of bilateral amygdaloid kindled cats were used. In control session, the left amygdala had been stimulated at final electroconvulsive threshold at 1 hour intervals in all cats. In drug session, the cats were pretreated with DN-1417 (4 mg/kg, i.v.) and exposed to recycling paradigm 20 minutes after the administration. The interval of each session was at least 2 weeks EEG recordings and behavioral observations were carried out at the same time. Effects of TRH tartrate (4 mg/kg, i.v.) on PSI was also investigated in 2 cats at the same paradigm. PSI was significantly prolonged and postictal EEG silence was significantly shortened by DN-1417. The pretreatment of TRH tartrate showed an prolongation of PSI in 2 cats respectively. These results suggest that administrated TRH analog or TRH may inhibit an occurrence of subsequent seizures and prevent the epileptic status.

Amygdala↗
PubMed1983

CSF monoamine metabolism in patients with tardive dyskinesia: effect of oxypertine and hydroxyzine pamoate.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) HVA, MHPG, 5-HIAA, cAMP and cGMP concentrations were measured in schizophrenic patients with tardive dyskinesia before and after a three-week administration of oxypertine (n = 4), hydroxyzine pamoate (n = 4) or placebo (n = 4). The oxypertine administration resulted in a reduction of the CSF HVA concentration and an elevation of the MHPG and cAMP concentrations, associated with a clinical improvement in tardive dyskinesia. The hydroxyzine administration reduced the CSF 5-HIAA concentration in all the patients and the CSF HVA concentration in two of four patients with a clinical improvement. A reduction in the CSF HVA concentration associated with possible therapeutic effects of oxypertine or hydroxyzine may suggest the normalization of a hyperdopaminergic state. Discussions were held that functional disorders of not only the dopaminergic system but the norepinephrinergic and serotoninergic systems may relate to the pathogenesis of tardive dyskinesia.

Biogenic Amines↗
PubMed1983

Isoniazid effects on choreiform movement and on GABA, HVA, and 5-HIAA in CSF.

Isoniazid was administered in 4-week open trial in patients with choreiform movement. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in CSF were measured before and after treatment. Isoniazid did not improve choreiform movement. CSF GABA levels were significantly increased after treatment, but HVA and 5-HIAA levels were not significantly altered. The findings suggest that isoniazid influenced brain GABA metabolism but did not influence dopamine and serotonin metabolism in patients with chorieform movement.

Aged↗