Ultrastructural and cytochemical study of microvascular enzyme activity in experimental brain tumors of rat.
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5'-Nucleotidase↗
Biomedical subjects
S Nishio
Publications and source records attributed to S Nishio.
Primary pineal yolk sac tumor: ultrastructural and immunohistochemical features--case report.
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Adolescent↗
[Milk of calcium renal stone: a case report].
A case of milk of calcium renal stone is reported. The patient was a 24-year-old woman who complained of dull flank pain on the right side. A plain film of the abdomen revealed a right renal stone, which showed peculiar radiopacity of a half-moon shape in the upright position. The operation was performed on July 6, 1984. Postoperative chemical analysis of sand granules showed calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate.
Adult↗
[Studies on the cellular immune response in patients with urinary bladder carcinoma. XI: Evaluation of specific ADCC activity].
We previously reported that the activity of antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) of lymphocytes from the patients with urinary bladder carcinoma was lower than that of normal subjects. We performed the specific ADCC assay using SRBC as the target cells, coated with tumor extract from the urinary bladder carcinoma. At the same time, the antiserum was collected from the immunized rabbit by the same tumor extract. The addition of the antiserum from the immunized rabbit gave the highest value for the patient sub-group that produced a precipitin band (Ouchterlony gel diffusion assay). Therefore it is suggested that the reaction of lymphocytes to tumor associated antigens is maintained to a considerable extent, although ADCC activity of the patient group was decreased. However, the antibody producing phenomenon toward the tumor associated antigen might be restrained.
Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity↗
[Clinical effects of estramustine phosphate disodium (Estracyt) on prostatic cancer].
Estramustine phosphate disodium (Estracyt) was used in the treatment of 40 patients with prostatic carcinoma. Of these 20 patients 18 were treated with Estracyt as primary treatment and 22 had been treated with diethyl stilbestrol dephosphate and/or bilateral orchiectomy for more than 4 months before the Estracyt treatment. The drug was given orally in a dose of 560 mg/day in 2 divided oral doses. The clinical evaluation was done after 3 months treatment. The response in subjective symptoms and objective signs were documented and evaluated according to 5 criteria. In this study, Estracyt showed 80% improvement of dysuria, 60% of nykturia, 35% of pain and 55% of general condition. In objective signs, it showed 52.5% improvement of size of the prostate, 42.5% of consistency and 70% of residual urine. It would be emphasized that Estracyt had almost equal efficacy in both the primary treatment group and secondary treatment group. As side effects of this drug, gynecomastia, gastro-intestinal disturbance, angina pectoris like chest pain were observed.
Drug Evaluation↗
Microsurgical anatomy around the origin of the ophthalmic artery with reference to contralateral pterional surgical approach to the carotid-ophthalmic aneurysm.
The supraclinoid segments of the internal carotid artery (ICA) and their surrounding structures were examined under magnification in 25 adult cadavers. Attention was paid to anatomical variations and relationships concerning ipsilateral and contralateral pterional microsurgical approaches to these regions, especially to the origin of the ophthalmic artery. Eighty-four percent of the ophthalmic arteries arose from the supraclinoid segment of the ICA. In the ipsilateral pterional approach, mobilization of the ipsilateral optic nerve was required to see the origin of the ipsilateral ophthalmic artery and the medial aspect of the proximal portion of the supraclinoid segment of the ICA. In the contralateral pterional approach, on the other hand, these areas on the contralateral side could be identified under the optic nerve with minimal or without retraction of the contralateral optic nerve. This was because 71% of the ophthalmic arteries arose from the supero-medial aspect of the ICA, and because there was nothing to intercept the view of the medial aspect of the ICA under the optic nerve. This study supports the usefulness of the contralateral pterional approach to the origin of the ophthalmic artery and the medial aspect of the supraclinoid segment of the ICA. This approach could be useful in certain cases of carotid-ophthalmic aneurysm. The authors' experience with the contralateral pterional approach to carotid-ophthalmic aneurysms is also described.
Carotid Artery, Internal↗
Matrix glycosaminoglycan in urinary stones.
At first, urinary stones were classified according to their inorganic components (apatite, struvite, calcium oxalate monohydrate, calcium oxalate dihydrate and uric acid). Then, matrix glycosaminoglycan was extracted from the stones in each group and was analyzed by 2-dimensional electrophoresis. There were differences in the glycosaminoglycan content of matrices among different groups of urinary stones. The principal matrix glycosaminoglycan content consisted of hyaluronic acid in apatite and struvite stones, heparan sulfate in calcium oxalate monohydrate and uric acid stones, and hyaluronic acid and heparan sulfate in calcium oxalate dihydrate stones. We conclude that hyaluronic acid and/or heparan sulfate has an important role in urinary stone formation.
Electrophoresis↗
Possible role of hyaluronate in experimental renal stone formation in rabbits.
We produced renal stones in rabbits by modifying Itatani's method, ligation of the right ureter followed by ureteroneocystostomy 1 week later. Renal stones formed in all animals within 2 weeks after ureteroneocystostomy. We measured the components of glycosaminoglycan in the stone matrix, renal tissue and urine by 2-dimensional electrophoresis. Glycosaminoglycan of the stone matrix consisted solely of hyaluronate. Glycosaminoglycan of the control normal urine consisted of only chondroitin sulfate, although hyaluronate was contained in urine in the hydronephrotic and stone forming period. Glycosaminoglycan of the control normal kidney consisted mainly of hyaluronate and chondroitin sulfate, while hyaluronate was the main component of glycosaminoglycan in the stone forming kidney. From these results, it is clear that hyaluronate is the most important component of glycosaminoglycan in the early stone forming period.
Animals↗
Architecture of calcium oxalate monohydrate urinary calculi.
We have developed a partial dissolution method which enabled us to observe the internal architecture of urinary calculi. Using this method with improved organic matrix fixative, we studied the architecture of small calcium oxalate monohydrate urinary calculi with special attention to crystal-matrix interrelations. Calculi, we have observed, are invariably composed of 3 distinct zones. A core area is composed of randomly aggregated plate-like crystals with tendency of rosette formation. This core area is surrounded by an intermediate layer which shows prominent radial striations. This layer is composed of radially arranged piles of sheet-like crystals which extend beyond many layers of lamination. This layer gradually shifts to a peripheral layer where concentric laminations are prominent and each layer of lamination is composed of minute crystals which have lost radial arrangement. The organic matrix is observed only at the outside of the crystals, and matrix-rich crystal-poor bands separate each layer of concentric lamination. The concentric lamination seems to be a manifestation of the altered density of organic matrix which encrusted on the developing calculi and offered a milieu for crystal growth within.
Calcium Oxalate↗
Papillary cystadenoma.
A rare case of a papillary cystadenoma, mucous-cell type, in the lower lip of a 73-year-old male is presented. The tumor consisted of many small cysts with multiple papillary projections into their cystic spaces. The projections and cyst walls were lined with pseudostratified mucous-cell epithelium. Clinically and histologically, the present papillary cystadenoma was considered as a true tumor originated from the ducts of minor salivary glands. There exists only one case report of a papillary cystadenoma with adequate description and photomicrographs in the Japanese dental literature.
Aged↗
Resolution of proteins in the kidney stone matrix using high-performance liquid chromatography.
The organic matrix accounts for 2-3% of the total stone weight and has been considered to play a role in stone formation and growth. Thus far, fractionation of the matrix proteins has been insufficient due to low resolution and reproducibility. In this report the matrix proteins of 22 stones were resolved by means of high-performance liquid chromatography. Following pulverization, the organic matrix was obtained by dialysis against EDTA. The average content of nondialyzable extractable proteins was 1.6% of the total stone weight. Analysis of the matrix proteins with high-performance gel permeation liquid chromatography and high-performance ion-exchange liquid chromatography has indicated that the protein composition of the stone matrix is identical regardless of the mineral composition. The major component of the matrix proteins was identified as glycoprotein and/or proteoglycan from their absorption to a concanavalin A Sepharose column. Higher molecular weight matrix proteins seem to be polymers or condensation products, since they have been degraded into lower molecular weight subfractions by sodium dodecyl sulfate treatment.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
[Serum and prostatic tissue concentration of ceftizoxime (CZX) after intravenous administration in cases of benign prostatic hypertrophy].
One gram of ceftizoxime (CZX) was administrated before transurethral resection in 38 cases of benign prostatic hypertrophy. Then the serum and tissue concentration of CZX was measured, and compared with the sensitivity of CZX to the bacteria separated from the urine of inpatients. The concentration of CZX in prostatic tissue was higher than the MIC80 for E. coli for 16.7 hr, for Klebsiella for 18.7 hr, for Proteus for 14.7 hr and for Serratia for 8.86 hr. Therefore, CZX was considered to be an effective drug against bacterial prostatitis.
Aged↗
Stereoselective synthesis of 5,6,7-trinor-4,8-inter-m-phenylene-PGI2 derivatives and their inhibitory activities to human platelet aggregation.
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Epoprostenol↗
Thymus lymphocytes in rats during induction of bladder tumors and effects of thymosin fraction 5 in vitro.
Bladder tumors were induced in Wistar rats by oral administration of N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine [(BBN) CAS: 3817-11-6], after which changes in bladder mucous membranes and in the response of thymus lymphocytes to concanavalin A (Con A) were studied. The response of thymus lymphocytes to Con A began to decrease from the 8th week after BBN administration, with changes such as hypertrophy or vascular formation in the bladder membrane. The response decreased markedly from the 15th week, when the tumors became visible. At about the 20th week, approximately 95% of the rats had bladder tumors. When thymus lymphocytes were pretreated with thymosin fraction 5 extracted from calf thymus, the response to Con A improved between the 8th and 20th weeks. When the thymus small-lymphocyte population was separated into lighter, intermediate, and heavier subpopulations by discontinuous density gradient centrifugation and an adhesion column, the effect of thymosin fraction 5 was much greater in the lighter subpopulation.
Animals↗
Effect of a stable prostacyclin analogue on platelet function and experimentally-induced thrombosis in the microcirculation.
Sodium dl-4-[1R,2R,3aS,8bS)-1,2,3a,8b-tetrahydro- 2-hydroxy-1-[(3S,4RS)-3-hydroxy-4-methyl-oct-6- yne-(E)-1-enyl]-5-cyclopenta[b]benzofuranyl]butyrate (TRK-100) is a stable analogue of prostacyclin (epoprostenol, PGI2). The drug was shown to be a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation in vitro, induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP), using platelet-rich plasma (PRP) from human and several animal species. The inhibitory activity of TRK-100 using human platelets was half that of PGI2 and eight times that of PGE1. There was a marked tendency for platelet clumps to disaggregate following secondary aggregation in the presence of TRK-100 at final concentrations higher than 1 ng/ml. This activity was similar to PGI2 and more than 30 times that of PGE1. TRK-100 was shown to induce the disaggregation of a pre-existing thrombus in the microcirculation of the hamster cheek pouch. A dose-dependent response was obtained following oral administration of the drug at levels of 50-200 micrograms/kg. Optimal activity was observed 30-60 min after dosing and activity was sustained throughout the experimental period. TRK-100 was more active than PGE1 in the test system and appeared to be of a similar potency to PGI2. Since this drug is stable, orally active and without the hypotensive activity of PGI2, it is considered to be a potentially useful agent for antithrombotic therapy.
Adenosine Diphosphate↗
Rapid assay of N-butyl-N-(3-carboxypropyl)nitrosamine in rat organs and urine by high-performance liquid chromatography after derivatization.
The concentration of N-butyl-N-(3-carboxypropyl)nitrosamine (BCPN), which is the major metabolite of the carcinogen N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine (BBN), was measured in the urine, thymus, liver, kidney, and bladder of rats orally administered with BBN. Since BCPN is a carboxylic acid, it forms an ester with 9-anthryldiazomethane (ADAM), which is a fluorescent labeling agent highly sensitive to carboxylic acids. Thus, BCPN and ADAM were reacted at 40 degrees for 1 hr, and the resulting ester was separated and measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a reverse-phase type column. The range of measurement was 0 to 40 micrograms/ml, and the coefficient of variation (CV) was 3.8%. When 0.025% BBN was given orally to rats in tap water, the BCPN concentration in the urine was very high at 220 micrograms/ml, while it was 0.15 microgram/100 mg in the wet tissues of the thymus, 0.35 microgram/100 mg in the liver, 0.40 microgram/100 mg in the kidney, and 1.2 microgram/100 mg in the bladder. The BCPN concentration in the bladder, in which tumors are induced by the administration of BBN, was thus higher than those in the other organs.
Animals↗
[Blind-ending bifid ureter: a case report].
This is a report on a case of blind-ending ureter. The patient was a 56-year-old female who had complained of a pain in the left flank. There was no urinary tract infection. Excretory urography revealed a left blind-ending bifid ureter. It was resected and the removed specimen was about 8 cm in length. Histologically, it had all layers of the ureteral structure, but no renal tissue was found. The post-operative course was uneventful. We collected 55 cases of blind-ending bifid ureters reported in Japan including our own and discussed the difference between blind-ending bifid ureter and ureteral diverticulum.
Female↗
[Study of the local use of amikacin].
Amikacin sulfate (AMK) was used against urinary tract infections (UTI) as local administration such as bladder lavage, renal pelvic lavage and vesical instillation. Forty four patients with UTI were treated by this method, 32 patients having Foley catheter indwelling in the bladder and 12 patients having drainage catheter indwelling in the renal pelvis. The overall clinical effect under UTI judgment was 3 excellent cases, 24 good, 11 fair and 6 poor, with an efficiency of 61.4%. A total of 100 bacteria, 47 gram positive, 33 gram negative, 6 anaerobes and 14 fungi, were found in the urine and bacteriological effect was 68.8% and 57.1% in single and combined bacterial infection, respectively. The serum concentration of AMK was measured in 9 patients by radioimmunoassay, and the maximum concentration was 0.38 micrograms/ml which is a low absorption rate. There were no adverse reactions during or after treatment with AMK.
Adult↗