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Biomedical subjects

S Nishio

Publications and source records attributed to S Nishio.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Studies of the cellular immune response in patients with urinary bladder carcinoma. X. Evaluation of serum IAP and ASP levels].

Serum levels of immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP) and acid soluble glycoprotein (ASP) were measured in 48 patients with urinary bladder carcinoma and 51 control subjects. Both IAP and ASP levels were significantly higher in the patients than in the control subjects, and the increase of these two serum substances seemed to be closely related to grading and staging of urinary bladder carcinoma. In many patients, serum IAP and ASP levels decreased after resection of tumors. There was an inverse correlation between IAP or ASP level and phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced lymphocyte blastogenesis (stimulation index, SI). This suggested an immunosuppressive effect of these serum factors. After chemotherapy of urinary bladder carcinoma, both IAP and ASP levels would decrease. It is suggested that serum IAP and ASP levels could be good indicators for evaluating the effect of chemotherapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[A case of prolactinoma with galactorrhea in man].

A 28-year-old man was admitted to the Kyushu University Hospital with an episode of severe headache. When driving a car, he suddenly developed severe headache and this was followed by nausea and vomiting. he had been quite well except for slightly decreased libido before this episode. On admission, he showed galactorrhea. The pubic and axillary hairs appeared normal and the development of the external genital organs seemed normal. However, the movement of the sperma was decreased. Ophthalmologic examination was negative. Endocrinological studies revealed hyperprolactinemia of 697 ng/ml, and the serum prolactin level was suppressed by bromocriptine and L-DOPA loading test. The serum testosterone level was 282 ng/dl. Growth hormone and gonadotropin levels were normal. Plain films of the skull and tomograms of the sella showed double floor and slight ballooning. CT scan showed an isodensity mass in and above the sella, and this mass was slightly enhanced with contrast media. The suprasellar extension was better demonstrated by metrizamide cisternography and CT. The diagnosis of prolactinoma was made, and a radical removal of the tumor was done through the transsphenoidal route. During surgery, dark reddish fluid was aspirated in an amount of 1.8 ml. Histologically the tumor was chromophobe adenoma, and immunohistochemical stain revealed prolactin granules in the majority of the tumor cells. Postoperative serum prolactin level decreased to 150 ng/ml and finally returned to normal by administration of 2.5 mg of bromocriptine. The serum testosterone level was slightly elevated. The movement of the sperma showed no improvement. There were no postoperative complications such as hypopituitarism and CSF rhinorrhea. The usefulness of combination therapy of operation and medication with bromocriptine was suggested.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1983

Microvascular abnormalities in ethylnitrosourea (ENU)-induced rat brain tumors: structural basis for altered blood-brain barrier function.

The fine structure, histometric characteristics, and permeability of microvessels were studied by electron microscopy in normal and in ethylnitrosourea (ENU)-induced glioma tissue from rats, using horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as a tracer. The tumor vessels were classified into (1) capillary buds (Type I); (2) round small to large capillaries (Type II); (3) sinusoidal or venule-like microvessels (Type III), and (4) abnormal arteriole-like microvessels (Type IV). All endothelial cells, basement membranes and periendothelial cells in the tumor tissue demonstrated changes in structure. The most striking alterations occurred in the endothelial cells; there were abnormal endothelial tight junctions, altered pinocytotic activity, and thickening. In the tracer study, the reaction product of HRP was present around some sinusoidal or venule-like microvessels (Type III) and extended to the widened extracellular spaces around the microvessels. The endothelial cells of Type III microvessels showed decreased nuclear and mitochondrial fractions, and increased euchromatin content and a rough endoplasmic reticulum fraction. The pinocytotic vesicles with the HRP reaction product in the endothelial cells were not increased in number. Fenestrations and gaps of the endothelial cells were observed. These alterations of the endothelial cells of sinusoidal or venule-like microvessels (Type III) are considered to be the main cause of breakdown of the blood-brain barrier in this tumor.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Individual renal function study using computed tomography.

Using computed tomography, the renal parenchymal volume and tissue-plasma ratio of contrast enhancement, with a bolus injection, were measured, and the latter measurement is believed to indicate regional renal function per unit of parenchymal volume. 67 studies were carried out on 50 patients, 17 of whom were examined pre- and postoperatively. Of these 50 patients, 27 had hydronephrosis, 6 had renovascular disease, 4 had pyelonephritis and the remaining 13 were control patients. The product of tissue-plasma ratio of contrast enhancement and the calculated renal parenchymal volume were found to be in good correlation with the individual renal function measured with 99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid and 131I-hippuran. Since this method is reproducible, the kidney being examined may be seen in more detail.

Creatinine↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical study on cefmenoxime (CMX) in urology].

Basic and clinical studies were made on Cefmenoxime (CMX), a new cephalosporin antibiotic, and the following results were obtained. The serum concentration of CMX was examined in four healthy adults after administration of 250 mg of CMX by intramuscular injection, intravenous injection and one-hour intravenous drip infusion (cross over). In the case of intramuscular injection, the peak value of 5.9 micrograms/ml was obtained 30 minutes after administration, and the half-life in serum was 1.41 hours. In the case of intravenous drip infusion, injection, a concentration value of 11.1 micrograms/ml on the average was obtained after 15 minutes of administration, and the half-life in serum was 1.26 hours. In the case of intravenous drip infusion, the concentration was 12.4 micrograms/ml upon completion of drip infusion, and CMX disappeared from serum at a half-life of 0.94 hour. The urinary recovery up to 6 hours was from 60 to 70% in each The efficacy rate of this preparation was 100% for 4 cases of acute simple cystitis. The efficacy rate of CMX was 70% for 10 cases of complicated urinary tract infection; the 3 cases in which CMX was not effective were patients with a residual catheter and Pseudomonas persisting or appearing as superinfection. It was noted that Serratia, which was resistant to the conventional cephalosporin antibiotics, became negative. No subjective side effects due to the administration of this preparation were observed. As for abnormal laboratory findings, a slight and transient rise in transaminases was observed in one case. On the basis of the above-mentioned results, it was concluded that CMX is an effective preparation for the treatment of urinary tract infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Histopathological studies on bladder carcinoma. 2: Role of local lymph follicle and immunoblast cells].

The relationship between the cellular stromal reaction and systemic immunity was examined in 34 cases of bladder tumors. To determine the cellular stromal reaction, we examined the local lymph follicles such as peritumoral lymphocyte accumulation, and the immunoblast cells having abundant, basophilic cytoplasm with large vesicular nuclei which contained 1-3 large and irregular nucleoli. To measure systemic immunity, lymphocytes, T cells, B cells, IgG-Fc receptor T cells, and lymphocyte blast formation ratio with PHA were examined. The survival rate was higher in the group with a strong stromal reaction. The distribution of the immunoblast cells showed a tendency to accumulate in the paracortical area of the local lymph follicles. Examination of the depth of tumor infiltration and grade revealed many local lymph follicles and immunoblast cells in pT 2 and G 2 groups. The groups in which lymph follicles and/or immunoblast cells were positive showed a tendency of high lymphocyte blastformation ratio with PHA accompanied by a low percentage of IgG-Fc receptor T cells. These findings suggest that local lymph follicles and immunoblast cells may be a manifestation of the systemic immunity acting as a tumor defense mechanism.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

[A case of spontaneous pyeloduodenal fistula].

A 71-year-old man was admitted for right loin pain and fever. DIP showed a non-visualizing right kidney. Retro- and antigrade pyelography demonstrated right hydronephrosis secondary to uretero-pelvic junction obstruction with leakage of the dye from the right kidney into the duodenum. Diagnosis of spontaneous pyeloduodenal fistula was confirmed at the operation. Right pyeloplasty was performed after closure of the duodenum. We believe that this is the 9th case reported in the Japanese literature.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[A case of Buschke-Loewenstein tumor].

A 67-year-old man with a tumor resembling carcinoma of the penis was seen at our Department. The tumor appeared clinically to be malignant and partial amputation of the penis was therefore performed. But biopsy specimens from parts of the mass were benign and histological examination revealed Buschke-Loewenstein tumor.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[A new method to assay urinary oxalic acid using high-performance liquid chromatography].

Measurement of oxalic acid in urine has an important clinical significance because approximately 70% of human urinary calculi are composed of calcium oxalate. Different analytical methods of oxalic acid have been reported, but most are unsuitable for clinical use. Thus we developed a new method to assay oxalic acid in urine using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This acid was extracted from urine with tri-n-butyl phosphate and converted into the fluorescent derivative by esterification with 9- anthryldiazomethane (ADAM). The reaction mixture containing the oxalic acid derivative can be directly chromatographed on HPLC using an ODS reverse phase type column monitored with a fluorophotometric detector. A linear relationship was observed from 1 to 100 micrograms/ml of standard oxalic acid dissolved in saline. Healthy adults excrete 23.8 +/- 9.0 mg (mean +/- SD) of oxalic acid per day. This method should prove valuable for routine measurement of urinary oxalic acid as it is accurate, simple and specific.

Anthracenes↗
PubMed1983

[Diagnosis of bladder cancer by transurethral ultrasonic scanning].

Transurethral ultrasonographic examination was performed on a total of 24 patients with 40 bladder tumors to evaluate the accuracy of the method to detect bladder tumors and to compare ultrasonographic staging of bladder tumors with pathological staging. The results showed that it was difficult to detect bladder tumors of any size located in the bladder neck or dome and those less than 0.5 cm in diameter located anywhere, indicating the difficulty in tumor staging. On the other hand, diagnostic accuracy was approximately 90% for the tumors larger than 0.5 cm in diameter. Therefore, if a tumor with a diameter larger than 0.5 cm is detected by cystoscopy, we believe that urethral ultrasonographic examination should be performed as a routine protocol after the cystoscopy.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Statistic study of 1,272 cases of foreign bodies in the bladder or urethra].

The foreign bodies in the bladder or urethra found in the clinical observation of the 41 cases treated between April, 1963 and October, 1982, in our Department and those of 1,231 cases so far reported in Japan, were studied statistically. The incidence was higher in males than in females, the ratio being 1.7:1. This ratio has been unchanged for the past 20 years. Of the foreign bodies removed, the cases of wax and rubber objects have been on the decrease. The urethra has come to occupy an increasingly large percentage of the introductory routes during the past 20 years. Removal through the urethra has become more common owing to the development in the transurethral appliances.

Adolescent↗