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Biomedical subjects

S Mukherjee

Publications and source records attributed to S Mukherjee.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Effect of the mycotoxin citrinin on some hormones and on enzymes and substrates of the Embden-Meyerhof pathway in mice.

The effects of six weeks treatment with multiple i.p. doses of citrinin (15, 25 and 35 mg/kg) on some hormonal activities and on enzymes and substrates of the Embden--Meyerhof pathway in mice were studied. Adenosine triphosphatase, hexokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, lactic acid and pyruvic acid decreased in blood, liver, kidney and brain of citrinin-treated mice. Glucose levels in blood, kidney and brain increased and glycogen content of liver decreased. Cortisol, triiodothyronine and thyroxine levels of serum increased, but insulin levels decreased.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed1986

Changes of lipid spectrum in different tissues of Furadan-treated mice.

The effects of multiple intraperitoneal doses of Furadan (0.125 mg/kg, 0.25 mg/kg and 0.50 mg/kg, respectively) for the 2nd week, 4th week and 6th week of treatment on the concentrations of total lipid and its different fractions and lipase activity in mice were studied. The following were measured in liver, kidney, brain and serum; total lipid, cholesterol (total and free), phospholipid (total and its fractions--lecithin, lysolecithin, phosphatidyl ethanolamine and lysophosphatidylethanolamine), triglyceride, free fatty acid. Lipase activity was measured in liver and serum. Furadan caused biochemical disorders of the tissues. All the aforesaid lipid fractions (except free fatty acid) are elevated significantly in liver, kidney and serum of Furadan-treated mice. Free fatty acid increased significantly in serum and remain constant in other tissues of pesticide-treated mice. All the lipid fractions except phospholipid and its fractions remained constant in brain of treated mice; total phospholipid and its fractions decreased significantly in brain of treated mice. Lipase activity decreased significantly in liver and serum of treated mice. Such disorders of lipid levels in the aforesaid tissues might be associated with CNS depressant action and structural and functional toxicity of other tissues induced by Furadan.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Extravascular clot formation and platelet activation on variously treated root surfaces.

The platelet attachment and activation potential of a variety of treated, human root surfaces was studied employing an established in vitro method for determining thrombogenicity. In addition, scanning electron microscopic observations were made of the morphological appearance of blood components in initial clot formation on root surfaces containing periodontal ligament (PDL). For the platelet study, the crowns were removed from freshly extracted teeth with and without periodontal disease (PD) and the roots were sectioned. The following surface conditions were created: (1) PDL present, (2) PD, (3) PD planed, (4) PD planed and demineralized, (5) Condition 4 treated with collagenase. All conditions were incubated with Indium-1 ll-labeled platelets with and without the addition of prostacyclin, an inhibitor of platelet activation. It was observed that the greatest number of attached platelets were found in Condition 1, that platelet activation was significantly enhanced in Condition 4 and this effect was reversed by Condition 5. The scanning electron microscopic observations were made on freshly extracted teeth with an intact PDL in which the roots were sectioned and either reinserted immediately into the extraction site or incubated in platelet-rich plasma. It was seen that platelets were involved early in clotting and activated by this surface. This study suggests the possible use of platelet attachment and activation as an indicator for root surface thrombogenicity and perhaps of the fibrous attachment potential.

Blood Coagulation↗
PubMed1986

Selective action of mycobacillin on the cellular permeability of Aspergillus niger.

Cells of Aspergillus niger normally release not all but of some specific cell constituents viz., lysine, proline, ATP, Pi, Na+, K+ and Ca2+ in the absence of mycobacillin. Mycobacillin enhances the release of these materials without causing lysis. The time and concentration of mycobacillin for optimum release depends on the nature of the materials involved.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1986

Differing role of dendritic cells and macrophages in the induction of delayed-type hypersensitivity responses to PPD.

In order to study the antigen-presenting cell (APC) requirements for the priming of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH), murine spleen cells were fractionated on bovine serum albumin gradients, pulsed in vitro with tuberculin, and then injected subcutaneously into normal mice. The other footpad was challenged with tuberculin between 24 hr and 7 days later and swelling was measured 2 hr and 18-24 hr after challenge. Optimum priming for 2-hr and 24-hr responses at 7 days was achieved by an injection of 5 X 10(5) tuberculin-pulsed intermediate-density Fc + ve cells. Time-course studies revealed that the 2-hr component could be elicited as early as 24 hr after injection of pulsed APC, while the 24-hr component became significant at 3 days. Elimination of T cells or B cells did not affect the response. Injection of pulsed APC into allogeneic mice primed the 2-hr but not the 24-hr component. Neither pulsed high-density cells (mostly T cells) nor pulsed dendritic cells (DC) primed mice for these responses. Failure to elicit DTH after injection of tuberculin-pulsed DC was due to their failure to prime the 2-hr component, which other authors have shown to be a prerequisite for the appearance of the later components. That DC did prime the MHC-restricted 24-hr component was demonstrated by protocols involving the use of both macrophages and DC as APC.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Lanthanum penetration of the trachea after the immediate response of sensitized rats to aerosol antigen.

Inbred rats were sensitized by the intraperitoneal injection of 10 micrograms DNP19-ovalbumin (DNP-OA). These rats were compared both in their responses to 10 min of aerosol challenge with DNP-OA or bovine gamma globulins (BGG) and with other rats similarly 'sensitized' with saline and subsequently challenged with DNP-OA. Lanthanum (1%) in the fixative permitted the identification by transmission electron microscopy of electron-dense lanthanum in the tracheal epithelium. Planimetry showed 59% of the intercellular membranes in the tracheal epithelium of the group sensitized and challenged with DNP-OA were stained with lanthanum versus 39% in the saline-sensitized and 26% in the BGG-challenged. X-ray energy probe microanalyses confirmed that significantly more lanthanum had penetrated in the group sensitized and challenged with DNP-OA than in the other two groups. In this group the magnitude of the change in respiratory pattern produced by challenge was directly related to the quantity of the lanthanum in the epithelium. Our findings show that increased permeability of the intercellular spaces occurs in immediate pulmonary hypersensitivity, probably as a result of the opening of the tight intercellular junctions and suggests that this change of permeability may be involved in producing the physiological response.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Fate of thrombectomized Björk-Shiley valves. A long-term cinefluoroscopic, echocardiographic, and hemodynamic evaluation.

Fourteen patients underwent thrombectomy for thrombosis of implanted Björk-Shiley valves (13 in the mitral and one in the aortic position) between January, 1975, and July, 1984. There was no operative mortality or perioperative embolism. Over a follow-up period of 1 to 96 months (average 23.5 months), there was no late mortality. Serial evaluation of valve function by cinefluoroscopy and echocardiography has shown no evidence of rethrombosis or valve dysfunction in any of the patients. Cardiac catheterization and angiocardiography done in 10 patients at various intervals (1 month to 6 years) postoperatively have shown normal valve function in all and normalization of elevated preoperative intracardiac pressures in the majority. Our experience suggests that thrombectomy of thrombosed Björk-Shiley valves provides excellent early and long-term results in terms of patient survival and valve function.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The clearance of gentamicin from antibiotic-loaded bone cement.

The concentrations of Gentamicin in the serum, drainage fluid and urine were determined by radioimmunoassay in 40 patients after total hip replacement and 10 after knee replacement. Palacos R bone cement with added Gentamicin had been used to fix the prostheses in all cases. Two types of response were observed; in Group I the Gentamicin levels rose very rapidly, whereas in Group II a more gradual increase was seen. In all cases the level of Gentamicin had fallen to a negligible amount by the fifth day after operation.

Bone Cements↗
PubMed1985

Conformational changes in a replication origin induced by an initiator protein.

The replication initiator protein of the plasmid R6K binds to seven contiguous 22 bp direct repeats that form an indispensable part of the three replication origins alpha, beta, and gamma. Binding of the initiator to the direct repeats induced a marked bending of the region of gamma replication origin. Binding of the initiator also promoted unwinding of the origin DNA by at least two turns. Distamycin appeared to antagonize the binding of the initiator to the seven 22 bp direct repeats. At the appropriate DNA and protein concentrations the initiator enhanced topoisomerase-induced catenation of the origin containing supercoiled DNA but not of DNA lacking the origin sequence. Thus, the initiator protein caused significant changes in the secondary and tertiary structures of the replication origin.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1985

Lipid spectrum in different tissues of MT81 toxin-treated mice.

The effects of different intraperitoneal doses of MT81 (2.5 mg/kg, 5.0 mg/kg and 7.5 mg/kg, respectively) for a 2-week, 4-week and 6-week treatment on concentration of total lipid and its different fractions of liver, brain, kidney, testis and serum in mice were studied. The following were measured: total lipid, free and total cholesterol, total phospholipid and its fractions (lecithin, lysolecithin, phosphotidylethanolamine and lysophosphotidylethanolamine), triglyceride, free fatty acid; lipase activity was also measured in serum, liver, and testis. Ascorbic acid content of testis was also measured. This mycotoxin (MT81) caused biochemical disorders of the tissues. Total cholesterol, free cholesterol, total phospholipid and its fractions, triglycerides and total lipids were elevated significantly in liver, serum, kidney and testis of toxin-treated animals. Free fatty acid increased significantly at a later stage in serum and remained constant in other tissues of toxin-treated mice. All the lipid fractions except total phospholipid and its fractions remained constant in brain of treated animals; total phospholipid and its fractions decreased significantly in brain of toxin-treated mice. Lipase activity decreased significantly in serum, liver and testis of treated mice. Ascorbic acid content of testis of treated animals increased significantly. Such disorders of lipid concentrations in the aforesaid tissues might be associated with the CNS depressant action and structural and functional toxicity of other tissues induced by the MT81 toxin.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Symptomatic and neuropsychological components of defect states.

The distinction between positive and negative symptoms has gained prominence in schizophrenia research, but the construct has not been unequivocally validated. The authors report preliminary findings of investigations in which symptomatic and neuropsychological assessments were conducted in a sample of 32 chronic schizophrenic inpatients. Three distinct clusters of symptoms were identified in correlative analyses. One cluster of symptoms (alogia, attentional impairment, positive formal though disorder, and bizarre behavior) appeared to reflect primarily a disorganization of though independent of current definitions of the positive/negative symptom construct. A second cluster of symptoms (affective flattening, avolition/apathy, and anhedonia) appeared to reflect predominantly blunting of affect and volition. A third cluster (delusions, hallucinations, and "breadth of psychosis") seemed to represent only the florid psychotic features. The first and (to a lesser extent) second clusters of symptoms were selectively associated with neuropsychological impairment. The patterns of neuropsychological deficits correlated with the first cluster of symptoms appeared to be consistent with a process characterized by failure in the development of a normal repertoire of cognitive abilities. It is suggested that the "defect state" may not be a monothetic construct, and that within the domain of "type II" schizophrenia, disturbances of thought may be distinguished from those of affect and motivation.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The role of crevicular fluid iron in periodontal disease.

This article presents a brief review of literature on the role of iron in infection and reports the concentration of iron in crevicular fluid (CF) in humans and beagle dogs. Crevicular fluid from human subjects was collected from gingivitis and periodontitis sites. The CF from beagle dogs was collected from gingivitis and active periodontitis (ligature-induced) sites. The results showed that the concentration of iron in human CF was often higher than in human serum. Also, a comparison between CF collected from gingivitis sites and periodontitis sites revealed a significantly higher concentration of iron in CF collected from the periodontitis sites. The studies in ligature-induced periodontitis in beagle dogs revealed at least a 3-fold increase in iron concentration in CF following ligation compared to the preligation values. Based on the available literature it is suggested that high concentration of iron in CF is not due to serum transferrin or polymorphonuclear leukocyte lactoferrin. Also, this high concentration of iron in CF might play an important role in enhancement of growth and virulence of microorganisms of the subgingival plaque and the initiation of active periodontitis.

Adult↗