Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to S Maeda.
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The effects of wuweizisu C, a lignan component of schizandra fruits, on liver injuries induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), d-galactosamine and dl-ethionine were investigated by means of serum-biochemical and histopathological examinations in rats. Pretreatment or combined administration of wuweizisu C dose-dependently reduced the elevation of serum transaminase activity and histological changes such as fatty degeneration, cell necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, etc., which were caused by the single administration of 1 ml/kg, p.o., or the repeated administration of 0.2 ml/kg, s.c., daily for 4 days of CCl4, respectively. The effects of wuweizisu C on the liver injuries induced by a low dose (200 mg/kg, i.p.) and a high dose (400 mg/kg, i.p.) of d-galactosamine were compared with those of uridine. Wuweizisu C significantly lowered the rise of serum transaminase activity after the administration of a low dose of d-galactosamine in the serum-biochemical analysis. A tendency was also shown to inhibit cell necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration caused by both doses of d-galactosamine in the histopathological examination. On the other hand, uridine markedly repaired the serum-biochemical and histopathological changes after the administrations of both doses of d-galactosamine. Also wuweizisu C cured the liver injury by the repeated administration of 150 mg/kg, i.p., daily for 4 days of d-galactosamine. After the repeated administration of 250 mg/kg, s.c., daily for 4 days of ethionine, liver cell atrophy, diffuse fatty degeneration and decrease of serum triglyceride were observed, but not cell necrosis. Wuweizisu C dose-dependently inhibited fatty degeneration and decrease of serum triglyceride. These findings suggest that wuweizisu C can be protective and/or therapeutic on hepatocellular phenomena such as cell necrosis, fatty degeneration, inflammatory cell infiltration, etc., in human hepatitis.
The effects of gomisin A, which is a lignan component of schizandra fruits, on liver functions in various experimental liver injuries and on bile secretion in CCl4-induced liver injury were studied. Gomisin A weakly accelerated the disappearance of plasma ICG by itself at a high dose (100 mg/kg, i.p.). All of the hepatotoxic chemicals used in this study inhibited the excretion of ICG from plasma. Gomisin A showed a tendency to prevent the delays of the disappearance of plasma ICG induced by CCl4, d-galactosamine and orotic acid, but not that by ANIT. Bile flow and biliary outputs of total bile acids and electrolytes (Na+, K+, Cl- and HCO3-) were decreased in CCl4-treated rats. Gomisin A maintained bile flow and biliary output of each electrolyte nearly to the level of the vehicle-treated group, but did not affect biliary output of total bile acids. These findings suggest that gomisin A possesses a liver function-facilitating property in normal and liver injured rats and that its preventive action on CCl4-induced cholestasis is due to maintaining the function of the bile acids-independent fraction.
There is a need for chemosensitivity tests of human tumors to become simpler and to have a better correspondence with their therapeutical record. We examined and compared two chemosensitivity tests in vitro. One was a clonogenic assay performed using a double agar system and the other was a novel dye exclusion method that was a modification of the traditional dye exclusion method of Weisenthal. Cultured cells and surgical speciners of urogenital tumors were used for the present experiments. Comparison of chemosensitivity between the clonogenic assay and the novel dye exclusion test resulted in a similar dose response for each, and both tests were suitable not only for cultured cells but also surgical speciners. Among surgical speciners, 17 of 25 cases (68%) tested by clonogenic assay and 8 of 11 cases (73%) tested by novel dye exclusion test were successful in detecting drug sensitivity. Renal cell carcinomas had higher plating efficiency and showed a higher success rate in the clonogenic assay than any other urogenital tumors. On the other hand, the novel dye exclusion method depended on tumor cell growth in suspension culture. Among 11 cases on which both the clonogenic assay and the novel dye exclusion method were performed, only in one case was there failure to estimate drug sensitivity. Therefore, more successful results in examining the chemosensitivity of urogenital tumors might be expected by using both the clonogenic assay and the novel dye exclusion method.
Palliative treatment have been performed in 50 cases of unresectable pancreatic carcinoma during these nine years. There were 36 in the head and 14 in the body and tail on the location of the tumor. Operation was performed in 35 cases (70%) and about 60% of which were diagnosed as unresectable for liver metastases. Prophylactic gastroenterostomy concomitant with biliary bypass is considered to be the most suitable procedure and should be performed routinely regardless of duodenal obstruction. Choledochojejunostomy (Roux-en-Y) and gastrectomy (Billorth-II) were considered advantageous for favorable long-term bile drainage and to prevent hematemesis. Splanchnicetomy proved to alleviate pain in 87.5% and is recommended to perform at the time of initial laparotomy. Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy was performed in 40% of the cases. Arterial infusion chemotherapy was found most effective to prolong survival. The patients who received palliative treatment survived 6.5 months on the average: Mean survival was 7.3 months in the former cases and 3.8 in the latter. Six patients (12%) survived more then one year, and no significant difference in location or size could be found.
A case of inferior vena cava obstruction at the hepatic portion associated hepatocellular carcinoma with and liver cirrhosis is reported, which was treated with lateral segmentectomy of the liver after transcatheter angioplasty. A 36-year-old male, who had noticed venous dilatation in the abdominal wall and legs from his childhood, visited a doctor complaining of right upper quadrate pain and was diagnosed liver cirrhosis. One year later ultrasonography revealed a liver tumor, which was diagnosed as hepatocellular carcinoma by ultrasonically guided aspiration cytology. Inferior and superior vena cavography revealed complete membranous obstruction of inferior vena cava at the hepatic portion with marked collateral circulation through azygos, hemiazygos and phrenic veins. The caval pressure difference between above and below the obstruction was 16.5 cm H2O. The membranous obstruction was perforated and dilated by transluminal angioplasty using Dotter's balloon catheter. The obstructive segment of inferior vena cava changed into 8mm in diameter after the second angioplasty, and the caval pressure difference between above and below the stenosis decreased to 10 cm H2O. Lateral segmentectomy of the liver was performed. Histopathologic diagnosis was clear cell type hepatocellular carcinoma with liver cirrhosis. Marked postoperative liver damage was observed and transcatheter caval dilatation was performed again. The pressure of inferior vena cava below the stenosis decreased to 8 cm H2O. One year and 8 months after the operation, the patient is healthy without recurrence of cancer.
This study reports the immunohistological detection of serum antibody reacting with the basal aspect of syncytiotrophoblast of human chorionic villi, where SSAV/GaLV (simian sarcoma associated virus/gibbon ape lymphoma virus) type C retrovirus p30 related antigen was observed by an indirect immunofluorescent method using monospecific antibodies against SSAV p28 and GaLV p29. The immunoglobulin class of this antibody activity called 'the anti-basal aspect of syncytiotrophoblast (anti-BAST)', was exclusively IgM and detected in the sera of both female and male patients with SLE and other autoimmune diseases, but rarely in the sera of normal controls. Immunofluorescent absorption and blocking test revealed that anti-BAST specifically reacted with human placenta and cross-reacted with subhuman primate type C RNA retrovirus SSV/SSAV (simian sarcoma virus/simian sarcoma associated virus), but did not cross-react with ATLV (adult T cell leukaemia virus) and BaEV (baboon endogenous retrovirus). These results suggest the presence of a new antigen-antibody system for another human type C retrovirus related antigens(s) and a participation of retrovirus in autoimmune diseases.
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Thermotherapy combined with tegafur (FT-207) and Picibanil was performed in 13 patients with cancer of the urinary bladder. The thermotherapy was performed using a closed circulation type of thermotherapeutic apparatus manufactured for this experiment, by way of a 3-way catheter. The flow rate of the perfusate was 150 ml/min at a constant temperature of 43 degrees C. The temperature was monitored at the inlet and outlet catheter of the urethral meatus. The thermotherapy was performed for a 6-hour period once a week. A tegafur 3000-mg suppository was given 2 hours before the thermotherapy, and Picibanil was added to the perfusate at the time of thermotherapy. No anesthesia was used. Complete disappearance of the tumor was observed in 1 case. The concentrations of tegafur in the serum, tumor and bladder wall were measured simultaneously. The levels obtained at two hours after rectal administration of the tegafur 3000-mg suppository were 19.420 mcg/ml for FT-207 and 0.025 mcg/ml for 5-FU in the serum, 13.170 mcg/g for FT-207 and 0.140 mcg/g for 5-FU in the bladder tumor, and 20.447 mcg/g for FT-207 and 0.252 mcg/g for 5-FU in the bladder wall. Eruption was observed in 1 case. No other side effects were noted.
A case of resected renal cell carcinoma with massive pancreatic metastases is reported. A 72-year-old man was diagnosed as suffering from obstructive jaundice. Massive pancreatic tumor and left renal tumor were shown by several kinds of radiological examination. Total pancreatectomy and left nephrectomy were performed. Postoperatively this case was histologically diagnosed as renal cell carcinoma with massive pancreatic metastases. Very few cases of resected renal cell carcinoma with pancreatic metastasis have been reported in the world. In such cases, there is no useful treatment except for resection of both the primary and metastatic lesions.
During 2 years and 8 months (1980.9.-1983.4), 100 patients of arteriosclerosis were admitted to our hospital. Of these patients, 43 who had clinical symptoms of TIA, RIND, or bruits on the neck or supraclavicular fossa, were reviewed. Ages ranged from 46 to 81 years (mean: 66.3). Male to female ratio was 1.9:1. Of the 43 patients, 33 were submitted to arteriography of the branches of the aortic arch. Thirty-two but one had arteriosclerotic lesions on the 62 arteries: 32 carotid, 18 vertebral, and 12 subclavian arteries, respectively. Morphologically there were 42 stenoses, 13 occlusions, 7 aneurysmal dilatations, and three other lesions. Seven patients were involved only one artery and 25 were involved more than two arteries. Eight patients were involved other regions such as lower extremities, too. Of the 43 patients, 12 were operated upon and there were no operative deaths and complications. Three of 31 who were treated conservatively, died of malignancies and heart failure. Although operative indications for TIA or RIND have been defined, those for asymptomatic lesions have not been established. Once stroke occurred, however, it would become difficult to recover from it. It is hoped that operative indications for asymptomatic lesions are established as soon as possible.
The concentration of cefoperazone (CPZ) in serum and bile was estimated after intravenous drip infusion of 1 g of the drug in 11 patients, who have performed cholecystectomy, choledocholithotomy and T-tube drainage for gallstone diseases. Administration of cefazolin (CEZ) 1 g was compared by the cross over method. After 1 g intravenous drip infusion of CPZ, the mean serum concentration was 88.3 +/- 24 micrograms/ml at 1 hour, 52 +/- 11.7 micrograms/ml at 2 hours and 36.5 +/- 10 micrograms/ml at 4 hours. The maintenance period of serum concentration was inclined to be longer in CPZ than in CEZ. After 1 g intravenous drip infusion of CPZ, the mean bile concentration reached to 810 +/- 459 micrograms/ml in 2 hours and it was maintained as high as 562 +/- 319 micrograms/ml even after 4 hours. On the other hand, after 1 g intravenous drip infusion of CEZ, the mean bile concentration was only 28.7 +/- 26 micrograms/ml in 1 hour and was low level in the progress. As compared with the highest concentration of CPZ and CEZ in same patient, the mean bile concentration of CPZ (942 +/- 525 micrograms/ml) was about 30 times higher than that of CEZ (28.6 +/- 26.3 micrograms/ml). There was no difference in the group of Gram-positive cocci between minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of CPZ and that of CEZ. While MIC of CEZ in the group of Gram-negative bacilli was from 0.78 to over 400 micrograms/ml, MIC of CPZ in that group was from 0.10 to 50 micrograms/ml. The value in CPZ was lower than that in CEZ at all strains. No side effects was seen in all patients.
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This is a report of a case of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma found 20 years after bladder augmentation ileoplasty. The origin of this tumor was proved to be the ileal part of bladder augmentation. Autopsy revealed metastatic lesions in the stoma (sigmoid conduit), lungs, liver, left femur, adrenal glands and lymph nodes. A review of the literature revealed only one other such case. This is a rare case of adenocarcinoma in the ileal part of bladder augmentation.
This paper presents an autopsy case of primary malignant lymphoma of the urinary bladder. The patient, a 63-year-old man, consulted us because of macroscopic hematuria. Cystoscopy revealed a bladder tumor, which was diagnosed as an anaplastic cell carcinoma by transurethral punch biopsy. The tumor progressively increased in size, despite treatment with preoperative antineoplastic chemotherapy consisting of CDDP. Only ureterocutaneostomy and biopsy were performed at the operation although total cystectomy and ileal conduit had been planned, because the tumor had invaded into the perivesicular tissue. Biopsy revealed B cell lymphoma, which was characterized by specific staining with IgG by the PAP method. Although antineoplastic chemotherapy was performed again after operation, the patient gradually weakened and died 5 months after admission. At autopsy, a hen-egg sized, non-papillary tumor which invading into the perivesicular tissue was found at the anterior wall of the urinary bladder. There were many metastatic nodules in the thraco-lumbar vertebral columns, para-aortic lymphnodes and mesenteric lymphnodes. Lungs and liver were free from metastatic tumors.