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Biomedical subjects

S Maeda

Publications and source records attributed to S Maeda.

At least 847 records · Page 47Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Prevention of colonic ischemia following abdominal aortic aneurysmectomy by measurement of inferior mesenteric artery stump pressure].

To prevent postoperative colon ischemia, the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) stump pressure measurement was performed in 60 patients undergoing unruptured abdominal aortic aneurysmectomy. IMA stump pressures were more than 40mmHg and IMA/systemic pressure ratios were more than 0.4 in 58 patients. The IMA was ligated in all of these patients. Colon ischemia developed in two of these 58 patients. In one, vigorous retractive trauma to the colon and the mesenterium seemed to be causative, and in the other, division of the branches of the IMA was causative. None of the other 56 patients developed colon ischemia. In remaining two patients, IMA stump pressures were less than 40mmHg and/or IMA/systemic pressure ratios were less than 0.4. In one of these two, reimplantation of the IMA was not performed until 12 hours after ligation of the IMA and postoperative ischemic colitis developed. In the other, the IMA was implanted into the prosthesis and colon ischemia did not develop. These results indicated that IMA stump pressure measurement is simple and very useful method to predict the risk of postoperative colon ischemia following abdominal aortic aneurysmectomy, and when IMA stump pressure or IMA/systemic pressure ratio is less than 40mmHg or 0.4, the IMA should be revascularised.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Adult Still's disease complicated with adult respiratory distress.

A 65-year-old woman with adult Still's disease developed adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a fatal pulmonary complication. Intravenous administration of cyclophosphamide, 500 mg/d for three days, was much more effective than high doses of corticosteroids in the patient. Interestingly, hypersensitivity to flavoxate hydrochloride seemed to be a precipitating factor, but not a cause, for both a series of characteristic manifestations of adult Still's disease and development of ARDS in our patient. The association of ARDS with adult Still's disease has not yet been reported. Physicians should be aware of this fatal complication in adult Still's disease, especially in the presence of drug hypersensitivities.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Optimal perfusion flow rate for the brain during deep hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass at 20 degrees C. An experimental study.

The relationship between the perfusion flow rate and cerebral oxygen consumption during deep hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass at 20 degrees C was investigated in dogs. In 10 dogs the perfusion flow rate was decreased in steps from 100 to 60, 30, and 15 ml/kg/min every 30 minutes. Although cerebral blood flow decreased as perfusion flow rate decreased, the ratio of cerebral blood flow to the perfusion flow rate increased significantly (p less than 0.05) at a perfusion flow rate of 15 ml/kg/min compared to that at a perfusion flow rate of 100 or 60 ml/kg/min. The arterial-sagittal sinus blood oxygen content difference increased as perfusion flow rate decreased. Consequently, cerebral oxygen consumption did not vary significantly at perfusion flow rates of 100 (0.48 +/- 0.10), 60 (0.43 +/- 0.14), and 30 ml/kg/min (0.44 +/- 0.12 ml/100 gm/min), and it decreased significantly to 0.31 +/- 0.22 ml/100 gm/min at a perfusion flow rate of 15 ml/kg/min. In five dogs the perfusion flow rate was decreased in one step from 100 to 15 ml/kg/min, and after 60 minutes' perfusion at a perfusion flow rate of 15 ml/kg/min, the perfusion flow rate was returned to 100 ml/kg/min. Cerebral oxygen consumption decreased significantly during 60 minutes' perfusion at a perfusion flow rate of 15 ml/kg/min and did not return to its initial value after the perfusion flow rate was returned to 100 ml/kg/min. These data indicate that the optimal perfusion flow rate for the brain during deep hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass at 20 degrees C appears to be 30 ml/kg/min, with a possible oxygen debt in the brain resulting in anaerobic metabolism if the perfusion flow rate is kept at 15 ml/kg/min or less.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Cavoatrial bypass in obstruction of the inferior vena cava in the hepatic portion through the posterior route of the hepatic caudate lobe].

In a 32-year-old Japanese female who had a history of Sjögren's syndrome, the obstruction of the inferior vena cava in the hepatic portion was found associated with Budd-Chiari syndrome. The obstruction of the inferior vena cava was about 6 cm in length by cavography. Cavoatrial bypass grafting was successfully performed with a 16 mm ring reinforced expanded polytetrafluoroethylene graft, which ran behind the caudate lobe of the liver and connected to the right atrium via right pleural cavity. This may be the first report of the posterior route of the hepatic caudate lobe in cavoatrial bypass grafting in Japanese and English literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Structure of the human prealbumin gene.

Using cloned human prealbumin cDNA as a probe, Southern blot hybridization of human genomic DNA revealed that the prealbumin gene consists of an unique, single-copy DNA. The nucleotide sequences of the entire human prealbumin gene, including both 581 base pairs of the 5'- and 95 base pairs of the 3'-flanking sequences, were determined. The gene spans about 7.0 kilobase pairs and consists of four exons and three introns. As in most eukaryotic genes, the consensus TATA and CAAT sequences are found 30 and 101 nucleotides, respectively, upstream from the putative cap site, and a polyadenylation signal sequence AA-TAAA is found in the 3'-untranslated region. Unexpectedly, two independent open reading frames provided with respective regulatory sequences were found within the gene: one in the first intron and the other in the third intron.

Base Composition↗
PubMed1985

Chromosome aberrations in epithelial cells of the digestive tract of rats induced by 1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine.

The effect of a gastrointestinal carcinogen, 1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), on chromosomes of rat digestive tract epithelial cells was studied. A blind loop of colorectal segment was surgically produced and the epithelial cells of this loop were treated twice with 0.5% and 0.1% MNNG solutions, respectively (5 ml each). After the first treatment, the mucosa revealed severe damage, and repair and mitoses upon regeneration were maximal on days 4-6. Chromosomal aberrations were studied 3-48 hr after the second treatment. Cells with chromosomal aberrations increased progressively from 6 hr on, reaching their maximum level at 15 hr, and gradually returned to the original level at 48 hr. Chromosomal aberrations consisted of gaps, breaks, and exchanges. The above results indicate that gastrointestinal carcinogens induce chromosomal aberrations in target epithelial cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Malakoplakia of urinary bladder following cadaveric renal transplantation.

Malakoplakia of the urinary bladder following cadaveric renal transplantation in a twenty-two-year-old woman is reported. Urinary tract infection with Escherichia coli persisted postoperatively. Three years later, gross hematuria and fever occurred. Yellow-tan mucosal plaques or nodules were observed cystoscopically, and histologic examination revealed malakoplakia of the urinary bladder with characteristic foamy histiocytes containing Michaelis-Gutmann bodies.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Effects of sodium n-butyrate on alpha-fetoprotein and albumin secretion in the human hepatoma cell line PLC/PRF/5.

The in vitro effects of sodium n-butyrate (butyrate) on the growth, morphology and secretion of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and albumin by the human heptoma cell line PLC/PRF/5 were studied. Butyrate caused a marked reduction in the growth rate, colony forming efficiency in soft agar and de novo synthesis of DNA as well as remarkable morphological changes including cell enlargement, flattening and a decreased number of nucleoli. Secretion of AFP was reduced during culture with butyrate, while that of albumin was increased. The requirement of de novo protein synthesis for the increase in albumin and decrease of AFP by butyrate was demonstrated by inhibition studies with cycloheximide. These results suggest that butyrate caused the hepatoma cells to acquire in vitro properties that are considered to be more consistent with normal liver cells.

Albumins↗
PubMed1985

Cloning and sequence analysis of a cDNA encoding porcine mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase precursor.

The primary structure of pig mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase (mAspATase; L-aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase, EC 2.6.1.1) precursor was deduced from its cDNA sequence. A library of cDNA clones was constructed from pig liver poly(A)+ RNA by applying the vector/primer method of Okayama and Berg [Okayama, H. & Berg, P. (1982) Mol. Cell. Biol. 2, 161-170]. The library was screened for pig mAspATase sequences by using a mixture of eight oligodeoxyribonucleotides as a probe. The sequences of the probe were deduced from the known amino acid sequence of pig mAspATase residues 196-201. Two recombinant plasmids containing inserts of about 2500 and 2600 base pairs were selected for sequence analysis. The amino acid sequence predicted from the cDNA sequence shows that the pig mAspATase precursor consists of the mature enzyme of 401 amino acid residues and an amino-terminal segment of 29 amino acid residues called the "presequence" that contains four basic amino acid residues, no acidic residues, and no hydrophobic amino acid stretch. The sequence of this 29-amino acid mAspATase precursor segment was compared with the presequences of other mitochondrial enzymes.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1985

Interleukin 2 mRNA induction in human lymphocytes: analysis of the synergistic effect of a phorbol ester and phytohemagglutinin.

Induction of interleukin 2 (IL2) mRNA synthesis in human tonsillar lymphocytes was studied by quantifying the relative levels of IL2 mRNA in the lymphocytes stimulated under various conditions by the dot hybridization method. A remarkable increase of IL2 mRNA was induced by stimulation with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) in the presence of 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA). The kinetic study revealed that the IL2 mRNA level of the lymphocytes increased from 2 h of culture, reached a maximal level at 12 h, maintained a relatively high level until 48 h and then sharply decreased by 72 h after the stimulation. Inhibition experiments with actinomycin D showed that the increase was due to a transient synthesis of the mRNA after the stimulation, which almost stopped by 12-16 h. DNA synthesis and cell division were not necessary for the induction of IL2 mRNA production but the induction was inhibited by dexamethasone, showing that the production was mainly associated with the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Two-step culture experiments showed that prior exposure of the lymphocytes to TPA for 1 h at 37 degrees C resulted in a remarkable increase of IL2 mRNA on subsequent stimulation with PHA. This suggests that TPA induces certain changes in the biochemical pathway of signal transduction so that the cells can be triggered to express IL2 gene by subsequent stimulation with mitogen.

DNA Replication↗
PubMed1985

Structural comparisons between mouse and human prealbumin.

In an attempt to construct model systems for familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy, prealbumin cDNA was cloned from a mouse liver cDNA library, using previously cloned human prealbumin cDNA as a hybridization probe. The primary structure of mouse prealbumin deduced from the cDNA sequence shows that it consists of 147 amino acids, including a whole prealbumin sequence (127 amino acids) and a putative signal sequence (20 amino acids). These numbers are in complete agreement with those determined for the human prealbumin. Among the 127 amino acid residues of the mature human prealbumin, 25 are replaced by different amino acids in the mouse prealbumin. Interestingly, 24 out of the 25 substituted amino acids are located at the outer surface of the protein, and the regions corresponding to the core and central channel of the protein are almost completely conserved. The cloned cDNA provided essential information for manipulating amyloidosis in mice.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1985

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the lung.

A 75-year-old woman was admitted to a hospital for diagnosis of pulmonary infarction and died during treatment. An autopsy revealed a tumor 5 cm in diameter in the hilus of the left lung, spreading into the posterior mediastinum, and a metastasis was also found in the right lung. Histologically, this tumor consisted of two kinds of cells; one of fibroblast-like cells and the other of histiocyte-like cells, showing a storiform pattern. Furthermore, a positive staining for alpha 1-antitrypsin, but negative for CEA, keratin or S-100 protein was seen. Therefore, it was diagnosed as malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) originating in the hilus of the left lung. In addition, many foci of hemorrhagic infarction due to metastasis and infiltration of the tumor into the pulmonary arteries were observed in the right lung. MFH is one of the rarest primary tumors of the lung.

Aged↗