Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Larsen

Publications and source records attributed to S Larsen.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Pleural effusion disease in rabbits. Observations on viraemia, immunity and transmissibility.

Baby rabbits surviving infection with pleural effusion disease virus (PEDV) developed viraemia persisting for at least six months. Only the infectious serum samples collected during the first 2 months of disease could transfer the typical PED. Six months after neonatal infection, virus concentration in serum was 102 to 104 rabbit-infectious doses per ml, the level of IgG appeared elevated, and serum rendered non-infectious by ether-treatment had a protective effect in passive immunisation experiments. No evidence of glomerulonephritis or deposits of immunoglobulins could be demonstrated in the kidneys. During the nursing period PEDV was transmitted from infected baby rabbits to two out of four dams, but not to control litter-mates. After the nursing period control rabbits, caged together with the viraemic rabbits for 60 to 150 days, remained free from PEDV infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Responses of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and prolactin to prolonged administration of the dopamine antagonist in normal women and women with low-weight amenorrhea.

The responses of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and prolactin to prolonged administration of the dopamine receptor antagonist metoclopramide (5 mg twice daily) were investigated in six normal women and six women with low-weight amenorrhea (LWA). In contrast to the normal group, the LWA group showed no significant changes in the mean basal prolactin level or the mean prolactin response to stimulation with thyrotropin-releasing hormone, but there was an significant elevation of the mean net increase in luteinizing hormone after stimulation with gonadotropin-releasing hormone. On the basis of these data, the possibility of increased central dopaminergic activity in women with LWA is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Acetylsalicylic acid-induced prolongation of bleeding time in healthy men.

Bleeding times were determined in 25 healthy men using the Thrombolette bleeding time device. The median bleeding times prior to low and high doses of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), 245 and 230 s, were not significantly different (P = 0.12). 2 h after randomized ingestion of 0.44 and 3.96 g ASA, the median bleeding times rose to 450 and 430 s, respectively. Both increased in bleeding time were significant (P less than 0.001), but the difference was not significant (P = 0.29). The maximum increase in bleeding time was estimated to occur 2.6 h after ingestion of a single low ASA dose, and 2.4 h after a single high dose. Following ingestion of 0.44 as well as 3.96 g ASA the bleeding time returned to basal levels within 5-6 d. Compared to the younger ones, volunteers with a higher age showed a tendency to have lower plasma salicylate levels as well as smaller increases in bleeding times following ASA ingestion.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Monolayer cultures of cells originating from ultrasonically guided fine needle aspiration biopsies.

Explantation of small samples of tissue obtained by ultrasonically guided fine needle aspiration biopsy (0.6 mm outer diameter) from intraabdominal solid masses was performed in 25 patients. In 7 cases, the material was taken from nonmalignant tissue and in 18 from malignant lesions. Growth during 30 days or more obtained in 1 of the 7 nonmalignant cases and in 7 of the 18 malignant cases. The morphological appearance of three cultures in monolayer is demonstrated.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1981

Diagnostic value of computer tomography in chronic pancreatitis: a comparison with current diagnostic tests.

During a 3-year period 39 patients with chronic pancreatitis were subjected to roentgen examinations and exocrine pancreatic function tests (EPFT). Computer tomography (CT) was carried out in 36 of these, and revealed pancreatic disease in 29, while characteristic findings of chronic pancreatitis were demonstrated in 24 patients. CT was particularly valuable in diagnosing intra and extrapancreatic pseudocysts and pancreatic abscesses complicating chronic pancreatitis. At endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP) pathologic alterations were demonstrated in 23 of 24 patients, and was diagnostic for chronic pancreatitis in 20 patients. The cannulation failed in 7 patients. The results indicate that ERP cannot be replaced by CT. ERP is still needed for detailed demonstration of the pancreatic duct system, especially preoperatively. Conventional films of the abdomen, EPFT and angiography were the least sensitive tests.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Occult faecal blood loss determined by chemical tests and a 51 Cr method.

Stools from volunteers participating in an acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) study were examined during periods with restrictive and liberal diets. With 51Cr-determined faecal blood less than 2 ml/100 g, the rates of positive benzidine and 3,3' ,5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) tests were about 5% and 25% for periods with restrictive and liberal diets, respectively. Similarly, Fecatest showed 2% positive tests on a restrictive and 8% on a liberal diet, whereas Hemoccult II slide and BM-test-Hemafecia showed less than 5% positive tests on both diets. When ASA-induced blood loss (mainly gastric) exceeded 5 ml/100 g faeces, the rate of positive benzidine and TMB tests, including the Hemo-Fec Test, varied from 87% to 100%. Fecatest detected half of these cases, whereas Hemoccult II and BM-test-Hemafecia were positive in less than one third. By repeated analyses of faecal specimens stored for 3 days, Fecatest showed a substantially increased sensitivity. We assume that benzidine and TMB tests are sensitive enough to detect occult blood loss from all levels of the gastrointestinal tract, but dietary restrictions are essential to reduce the rate of false-positive tests. Guaiac tests, perhaps with the exception of Fecatest, should be reserved for the detection of occult blood loss from the lower gastrointestinal tract.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Glomerulonephritis in infections with Yersinia enterocolitica O-serotype 3. II. The incidence and immunological features of Yersinia infection in a consecutive glomerulonephritis population.

In a consecutive series of 38 patients with acute glomerulonephritis (GN), 17 showed serological or immunological signs of current or previous yersiniosis. None of these 17 patients had raised antistreptolysin-o titres. Only half of these patients had had clinical symptoms of Yersinia infection. Light microscopic examination revealed that 12 of the 17 patients had proliferative and 4 epimembranous GN. In 8 out of 14 biopsy specimens, Yersinia antigen could be demonstrated by immunoglobulins and complement. Immunofluorescence microscopy examination of all biopsy specimens containing sufficient tissue for a valid analysis showed deposits of complement and immunoglobulin G, most specimens also immunoglobulins A and M. It is considered highly likely that Y. ent. O:3 may be, and frequently is, an etiological factor for development of acute GN. It would be advisable not only to investigate all patients with acute GN for streptococcal infections, but also to carry out serological and bacteriological tests for Y. eng. O:3 infection and to institute an active therapeutic approach to acute infections caused by this bacterium.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Effectivity and acceptability of oral contraceptives containing natural and artificial estrogens in combination with a gestagen. A controlled double-blind investigation.

With the purpose of investigating effectivity and acceptability of an oral contraceptive containing micronized natural estrogens (estradiol-17 beta 4 mg + estriol 2 mg/norethisterone acetate 3 mg per tablet) versus a contraceptive containing artificial estrogen (ethinyl estradiol 50 micrograms/ norethisterone acetate 3 mg per tablet), a controlled double-blind investigation was performed in 111 young women. The investigation was designed for 12 cycles. The tablets were given consecutively for 3 weeks with 1 week's interruption. In the natural estrogen group 57 women completed 504 cycles, in the artificial estrogen group 54 women completed 510 cycles (Table 1). No pregnancies occurred. There were highly significantly more terminations due to bleeding irregularities (p less than 0.001), and highly significantly more spotting (p less than 0.001), breakthrough (p less than 0.001) and amenorrhea (p less than 0.001) episodes in the natural estrogen group (Tables II and III). Bleeding irregularities on natural estrogens did not subside during the trial (Table IV). There were a few more psychiatric and CNS symptoms on natural estrogen (p less than 0.05), but other side effects did not differ between the two preparations (Table V). Blood pressure and weight did not vary significantly. Despite documented metabolic advantages, the natural estrogen tablet investigated was not found to be clinically acceptable for general usage because of the high incidence of bleeding irregularities. It is conceivable that a change of the estrogen/gestagen ratio, using a variable 3-week schedule, would reduce the number of bleeding irregularities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Ephedrine as an anorectic: the story of the 'Elsinore pill'.

Obese patients, age 18-60 years, overweight 20-80 per cent, entered a controlled, clinical study comparing the effects of two anorectic drugs, ie a prescription containing ephedrine and caffein ('Elsinore pills') and diethylpropion, with placebo. All 132 patients were instructed in a 1200-kcal diet, and 108 patients completed 12 weeks' treatment. There was a significantly better effect on body weight of diethylpropion (39 patients, median weight loss 8.4 kg, P less than 0.01) as well as of 'Elsinore pills' (38 patients, median weight loss 8.1 kg, P less than 0.01) compared to the effect of placebo treatment ( 31 patients, median weight loss 4.1 kg). Four patients treated with diethylpropion, and four patients treated with 'Elsionore pills' were withdrawn because of complaints of exaltation, tremor and insomnia. Tremor, in some cases only transient, was significantly more frequent in the 'Elsinore pill' group, but no serious side effects were observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Duodenal diverticula and their relationship to age, sex, and biliary calculi.

The relationship between duodenal diverticula and age, sex, and biliary calculi was studied prospectively in 624 patients examines with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). The study showed that the incidence of biliary calculi was significantly higher in patients with diverticula (86%) than in patients without diverticula (38%). The difference was significant in all age groups above 40 years (p less than 0.01). The rate of diverticula found near the papilla of Vater was significantly higher in patients with biliary calculi than in patients without (p less than 0.01). A positive correlation was found between age and diverticula but not between sex and diverticula. An insufficient papillary sphincter together with an ascending bacterial infection is discussed as a possible explanation for the higher incidence of biliary calculi in patients with duodenal diverticula.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Blinded proficiency testing of FTA-ABS test.

In 1976 and 1977, 28 state laboratories participated in a blinded proficiency testing study of syphilis serologic tests. The test considered of a battery of 50 duplicate reagin-positive sera; 12 specimens were obtained from syphilitic patients. The median reproducibility scores for the VDRL and FTA-ABS tests were the same, 92%, and the scores for the two tests were correlated. Given the relatively low prevalence of untreated syphilis in the United States today, serologic results that are highly predictive of syphilis are obtainable only from the most proficient laboratories, if unselected sera are tested. Reactivity in the VDRL and FTA-ABS tests does not prove the diagnosis of syphilis. Physicians must use clinical judgment to preselect patients for serologic testing.

Laboratories↗