Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to S Kojima.
A new antiallergic agent, 4-(p-chlorobenzyl)-2-[N-methyl-perhydroazepinyl-(4)]-1-(2H)-phthalazinone hydrochloride (azelastine), was found to exert inhibitory effects on passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in the rat and on expulsion of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis from the rat intestine when this agent was administered intravenously at appropriate doses.
Clinical blood pressures measured at clinic by physician were higher than home blood pressures measured at home by patients in the majority of untreated patients with essential hypertension, but equivalent or lower in some patients. Clinic minus home blood pressure (delta P) were correlated with the levels of clinic blood pressure (r = 0.51, p less than 0.005 for systolic; r = 0.35, p less than 0.02 for diastolic blood pressure, respectively). The systolic delta P might be greater in the middle-aged women, especially in the fifties of females than the age-matched males (p less than 0.05). The delta P could not be altered by any antihypertensive drugs with the exception of systolic delta P with diuretic alone. The blood pressure tended to remain more stable throughout the 24-hour period in proportion as the severity of hypertension increased. The observation of circadian variation in blood pressure disclosed that the blood pressure was lower in the morning, but increased gradually, resulting in the relatively high blood pressure between the afternoon and evening in the low renin and volume expanded type of hypertension. On the contrary, the blood pressure was already high in the early morning in hypertensive patients characterized by the accelerated renin-angiotensin system and contracted volume factor.
A 24-yr-old woman with hypertension, hypokalemic alkalosis, low plasma renin and hypoaldosteronism was studied. Plasma aldosterone, renin and potassium returned to normal and blood pressure fell after sodium restriction or the administration of triamterene. Thiazide therapy also normalized her blood pressure while dexamethasone, spironolactone and furosemide did not improve her symptoms. Plasma aldosterone levels were low and responded poorly to a short term ACTH injection, but responded well to the maximal adrenal stimulation by ACTH-Z. Plasma levels of cortisol, corticosterone and deoxycorticosterone were within the normal range. Adrenal scintigram with 131I-adosterol and abdominal computed axial tomography did not reveal the presence of a sizeable adrenal tumor. In addition, the urinary kallikrein excretion was low after sodium restriction and showed no response to saline infusion. These findings suggest that the excessive secretion of unusual mineralocorticoids may not exist in this case. From these observations and the results of the therapeutic responses to the diuretic agents, we conclude that the primary cause of the disorder of this patient seems to be a renal defect in the distal tubule in handling sodium and potassium which is similar to that in Liddle's syndrome.
A training method of depth discrimination in a Japanese monkey was reported. Using a Howard-Dohlman type apparatus, the monkey was required to discriminate the distance of two rods. Observation distance was 785 mm and a tracking method was employed. Difference thresholds measured preliminarily were 23.6 mm and 77.1 mm for binocular and monocular conditions, respectively.
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For the purpose of finding out the heat-resistant properties of metal that are Sag properties, the test-pieces of 85 Au-10 Pd-5 Pt alloy were prepared and their distortion in high temperature was measured. The results were summarized as follows; 1) The distortion increases rapidly at a certain temperature near 800 degrees C. 2) As the thickness and the width of the test-piece increase, the distortion decreases. An adverse effect is found on the length of the test-piece. 3) Among the distortion(y), the span (l), thickness (h) and the width (b) of the test-pieces, the following relation was obtained. y = 0.316 x W1.84 x l1.40/h1.50 . b 0.60, where W is the load between 1 gf and 4 gf.
Fifteen alloys were prepared by adding 0-1.00 wt% Fe, In and Sn (total amount 1.00 wt%) to 85 Au-10 Pd-5 Pt master alloy. The distortion at high temperature in the firing cycle was measured by the apparatus for trial manufacture reported in the preceding paper, and the influence of each additional elements was discussed. The results were summarized as follows; 1) The distortion of the alloys containing additional elements (Fe, In and/or Sn) was obviously less than that of the master alloy. 2) The distortion of the alloys containing only 1 wt% Fe was the least in all of the alloys. 3) Adding both In and Sn had tendency to less distortion at high temperature, but the adding effect was less than that of Fe.
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Immune responsiveness to schistosomal worm antigen was investigated in the individuals infected with Schistosoma japonicum by measuring the antigen-specific proliferative response of the peripheral T lymphocytes in vitro. Out of 57 infected individuals, 10 (17.5%) were low responders, whereas 47 (82.5%) were high responders to this antigen. The strong association between the HLA-Aw24-Bw52-Dw12 haplotype and the low responder group was demonstrated. Because the association of the low responder group was strongest with the HLA-D specificity, Dw12, and because the HLA-D region was assumed to be comparable to the I region of the murine H-2 complex, it was suggested that the low responsiveness to schistosomal worm antigen was controlled by a single dominant immune suppression gene that was in strong linkage disequilibrium with HLA-Dw12.
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Multiple aneurysms of the gastroepiploic artery and the ileocecal branch of the superior mesenteric artery were found in a 68-year-old male patient by angiography. The patient presented with one-hour postprandial epigastric pain of 10 years duration. Abdominal bruit was auscultated at the two different sites, one of which shifted downwards upon upright position. From the freely movable nature of the great omentum, this bruit, migrating upon postural change, was most likely from the gastroepiploic artery aneurysms. The aneurysms were excised and the abdominal bruit disappeared. The etiology of the aneurysms was suggested to be arterial fibrodysplasia histologically. From this experience, it was stressed that postural change should be added to a routine physical examination to rule out an aneurysm from the freely movable great omentum.
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