Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Kojima

Publications and source records attributed to S Kojima.

At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Coil planet centrifugal and capillary tube centrifugal analysis of factors regulating erythrocyte osmotic fragility and deformability.

Hydrated and dehydrated red cell samples were prepared from normal human red cells using the antibiotic nystatin. Furthermore, a series of red cell samples exposed to elevated temperature (20-50 degrees C, 10 min) were prepared. The osmotic fragility and deformability of these red cells were then measured, using the coil planet centrifuge system and the capillary tube centrifugal technique, respectively. The osmotic fragility of nystatin-treated red cells decreased and the deformability increased as dehydration of red cells progressed and alternatively, hydrated cells showed increased osmotic fragility and reduced deformability. Red cells exposed to elevated temperatures up to 49 degrees C for 10 min had no changes in mean corpuscular volume or in red cell shape. Above 47 degrees C, however, spectrin extractability progressively decreased and osmotic fragility and deformability decreased. Results suggest that the osmotic fragility snd deformability of red cells are interrelated, and are controlled by the geometry of the cell, including the ratio of cell surface area to cell volume and the viscoelastic properties of the membrane.

Centrifugation↗
PubMed1982

A partially degraded form of human plasminogen in circulating blood.

A method for separate measurement of the amounts of the native form and partially degraded form of plasminogen and plasmin in human circulating blood was devised based on their different mobilities on disc polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The relative amounts in the circulating blood as estimated by the method were as follows: 78.5% native form, 6.1% partially degraded form and 15.5% plasmin, in the resting state of healthy adults. The partially degraded form increased to about 50% after strenuous exercise load. The present study showed that relatively large amounts of the partially degraded form can be produced in the circulating blood, even though abundant plasmin inhibitors exist there. These data suggest that the partially degraded form may play an important role in thrombolysis in vivo.

Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel↗
PubMed1982

Mouse IgE response to an allergen from Entamoeba histolytica.

Attempts were made to demonstrate the presence of allergenic components in an extract of axenically cultured Entamoeba histolytica (HK 9). Various strains of mice were immunized i.p. with a low dose of the extract mixed with Al(OH)3 and boosted with the same mixture 4 wk later. A high titer of IgE antibody response was demonstrated in BALB/c, DBA/2 (H-2d), CBA (H-2k), and SWM strains but not in C3H/He (H-2k) strain. The extract was fractionated by gel filtration with Sephadex G-200 and then by DEAE-cellulose chromatography with a gradient buffer with progressive increase in molarity. Fractions having the strongest activity to stimulate the IgE antibody response in the mouse were subjected to SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. From the results of gel filtration and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the molecular weight on the partially purified allergen was estimated to be 25,000 to 27,000 daltons.

Allergens↗
PubMed1982

[Comparative study on cefmetazole and cefazolin in the treatment of suppurative otitis media].

Cefmetazole (CMZ) was compared to cefazolin (CEZ) for efficacy and safety in the treatment of suppurative otitis media (including acute otitis media and chronic otitis media in acute aggravating stage) under well controlled clinical trials. The therapeutic effects were analyzed statistically in 172 patients (82 administered CMZ, 90 administered CEZ). The adverse reactions were also analyzed statistically in 199 patients (CMZ 99, CEZ 100) in whom the judgement was possible. 1. The efficacy rate of CMZ (72.3% for good to excellent response) was assessed by physicians in charge to be similar to that of CEZ (59.3%). This was the same being assessed by the committee, too (CMZ 64.6%, CEZ 56.7%). 2. When patients were classified into 2 groups (acute otitis media, chronic otitis media in acute aggravating stage) with respect to diagnosis, statistically significant difference in clinical efficacy assessed by physicians in charge was observed in the cases with chronic otitis media (CMZ, CEZ). In addition, the improvements of flares on the drum membrane and the mucous membrane of eardrum were significantly better in the CMZ group than in the CEZ group. 3. Bacteriologically, 16 cases (19.8%) of S. aureus were resistant to CEZ, while only 1 case (1.2%) to CMZ. CMZ was judged to be effective in 5 of the 6 cases in which CEZ-resistant strains were detected. 4. Side effects were found in 2 cases (2.0%) treated with CMZ: one complained of retching and abdominal pain and the other developed skin eruption. On the other hand, only 1 case (1.0%) developed skin eruption in the CEZ group. These results suggest that CMZ is a new antibiotic agent which is highly valuable in the treatment of suppurative otitis media.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Immune response to Trichomonas vaginalis. I. Genetic regulation of IgE antibody response to T. vaginalis in mice.

The antigenicity of Trichomonas vaginalis to elicit IgE antibody was examined in mice. The soluble antigen was prepared by sonication of in vitro cultured T. vaginalis lines. BALB/c mice were immunized by various doses of the antigen with alum followed by a booster injection on day 14 after primary injection of the protozoan antigen. The highest IgE antibody titer was found in mice immunized with 30 micrograms of the antigen. The IgE antibody response to Trichomonas antigen is regulated by at least two immune response genes: one localized in the I region (K to I-B subregions) of chromosome 17, the other in a not yet identified chromosome.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Comparison of recovery of schistosomula of Schistosoma japonicum from lungs of mice and rats.

Various strains of mice and rats were exposed to small doses of Schistosoma japonicum cercariae. At intervals, they were challenged with 200 to 230 cercariae per mouse and 500 to 520 cercariae per rat. Age-matched control animals received only the challenge infection from the same pool of cercariae. Recoveries of schistosomula from experimental and control groups were different on day 3 through day 5, with peak recovery on day 3 or 4 in four strains of mice examined (DBA/2, C57BL/6, C3H/He, and SWM) as well as in Fischer rats, indicating rapid migration of S. japonicum to the lung compared with that of S. mansoni. Significant reductions of recovery of schistosomula from lungs were demonstrated in DBA/2, C3H/He, SWM, and B10.S mice at week 3, but not in BALB/c, CBA, and C57BL/6 mice. Significant reductions were also demonstrated in Donryu, Wistar, Sprague-Dawley and Fischer rats at week 6. The degree of reduction depended on cercarial doses used for the initial exposure. Studies in DBA/2 mice revealed that the degree of reduction intensified biphasically, being greatest at week 5 and at week 12. The lowest recovery was demonstrated at week 6 in Fischer rats, when recovery of schistosomula tentatively increased in DBA/2 mice. A good correlation was found between recovery of schistosomula from lungs and recovery of adults by portal perfusion when DBA/2 and C57BL/6 mice, and Fischer rats were used for comparison. Thus, the present results provide basic information on the lung recovery of schistosomula of S. japonicum in suitable and unsuitable hosts.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Clinical experience with cefsulodin in the field of otorhinolaryngology].

Clinical evaluation of cefsulodin (CFS) in treatment of infection in otorhinolaryngologic field was carried out and the following result was obtained. 1. Daily 1 to 5 gram of CFS was administered in divided dose to 9 cases of chronic purulent middle ear infection and postoperative wound infection. Clinical effectiveness was excellent, good and fair in 1, 2 and 5 cases, respectively. 2. No side effect as well as abnormal change of laboratory finding was observed. As for ototoxicity to be the most concerned matter of physicians, CFS seems to have no special problem. Thus, CFS is considered to be the useful drug for the treatment of chronic purulent middle ear infection and postoperative wound infection caused by P. aeruginosa in the field of otorhinolaryngology, and synergistic clinical effect will be expected by the combination therapy with other antibiotics or local administration of CFS.

Cefsulodin↗
PubMed1981

Serum steroid levels in children at birth and in early neonatal period.

During the neonatal period, adrenal steroidogenic function was assessed by determining the peripheral levels of eight steroids by radioimmunoassay with the use of specific antisera. Serum concentrations of cortisol and cortisone in the umbilical artery were 92.2 +/- 13.3 ng/ml (m +/- SE) and 78.0 +/- 11.1 ng/ml, respectively, and these levels decreased to 37.4 +/- 8.2 and 47.9 +/- 14.7 ng/ml on the first day after birth. Serum concentrations of progesterone, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, total pregnenolone, and total dehydroepiandrosterone in the umbilical artery were 294 +/- 41, 8.7 +/- 1.0, 611 +/- 86, and 867 +/- 179 ng/ml (mean +/- SE), respectively, and decreased immediately after birth. In contrast, serum levels of total 16 alpha-hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone in the umbilical artery were 3,415 +/- 416 ng/ml, and those levels were maintained on the first day of life, whereas serum levels of 16 alpha-hydroxypregnenolone in the umbilical artery were 667 +/- 173 ng/ml and increased to 5,180 +/- 728 ng/ml. The significance of these changes in adrenal steroids during the neonatal period is discussed in the text.

17-alpha-Hydroxypregnenolone↗
PubMed1981

Analysis of the Radiorespirometric pattern after administration of [U-14C] glucose to Ehrlich ascites tumor-bearing mice.

Ehrlich ascites tumor-bearing mice were subjected to 14CO2 radiorespirometric analysis after administration of [U-14C]glucose, and the results were compared with the levels of host liver glycolytic enzyme activities and the uptake of the radioactivity into the liver. After IP administration of [U-14C]glucose, there was a progressive decline in respiratory 14CO2 after the transplantation of the Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. The peak time (PT) was about 10 min on day 1, but thereafter was increasingly delayed, and could not be determined on day 13. Peak height (PH) and yield value (YV) were both considerably decreased, and again the magnitudes of the changes increased with the time after transplantation of the tumor cells. Glycolytic enzyme activities in the host liver were at normal levels 13 days after transplantation of the tumor cells. The uptake of the radioactivity into the liver after IP administration of [U-14C]glucose began to decline from day 5 and was 50% the value in normal mice 13 days after transplantation of the tumor cells. THese results indicate that the radiorespirometric patterns with [U-14C]glucose reflects hepatic biochemical changes rather well.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Radiorespirometric study of glucose metabolism in liver-damaged rats.

Changes in glucose metabolism in rats during feeding with 3-methyl-4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene (3'-Me-DAB) were investigated by radiorespirometry with 14C-labelled carbohydrates as substrates, in relation to the levels of liver glycolytic enzyme activities. Rats were fed on 0.06% 3'-Me-DAB for 7 weeks. Radiorespirometry was carried out by the IP administration of [U-14C] glucose 2.5 micro Ci or [1-14C] acetate 2.0 micro Ci weekly during the experimental period. In the analysis of the radiorespirometric pattern obtained with [U-14C]glucose, the peak time (PT) was markedly shortened at week 4. At week 6 of 3'-Me-DAB feeding, the peak height (PH) and yield value (YV) both increased significantly with concomitant shortening of PT. The duration of the activation in radiorespirometric parameters was paralleled reasonably well by that of glycolytic enzyme activity; the activation of liver glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) shortens PT, while the activation of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle increases YV. This study showed that the radiorespirometric pattern reflected glucose metabolism in the liver well. In conclusion, radiorespirometric analysis with 14C-labelled glucose as a substrate may be useful for the clinical diagnosis of liver diseases.

Animals↗