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Biomedical subjects

S Koga

Publications and source records attributed to S Koga.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Phase II study on peplomycin for esophageal cancer].

For the purpose of verifying the effectiveness of peplomycin, one of the derivatives of bleomycin, against carcinoma of the esophagus and the safety of it, the analysis of the data for total 113 cases collected from 25 institutions in Japan was made. The results are as follows. It was effective in 19 out of 74 evaluable cases of carcinoma of the esophagus (25.7%). In case of treatment with peplomycin alone, it was effective in 6 out of 39 cases (15.4%). In case of the combination treatment with peplomycin and some other therapy, it was effective in 13 out of 35 cases (37.1%). As for the side effects, the incidence of fever was the highest in both the cases of peplomycin alone and the combination treatment such as 39.6% and 37.0%, respectively. Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, respiratory symptoms and tiredness were found in relatively many cases. In the clinical laboratory tests, the vital capacity after the treatment tended to be lower than that before the treatment, but there was little change in the hematological tests, pulmonary function test and renal function test.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Combination chemotherapy with neocarzinostatin (NCS) and other antitumor agents for advanced carcinoma of the digestive organs--improved clinical effect with NFO therapy].

We have previously reported the clinical effect of NF therapy (NCS 5,000 units and 5-FU 500 mg intravenously; twice a week) on patients with advanced carcinoma of the digestive system. In the present study, NFO therapy (NCS 2,000 units and 5-FU 500 mg intravenously, Picibanil 1-2K. E. intramuscularly; twice a week) was applied for those patients to take advantage over NF modality. Treated were 62 patients with NFO and 48 were evaluated for its clinical effects. In comparison of NFO and NF, the antitumor effects were noted in 9 of 48 patients (18.8%) for NFO, and 2 of 27 (7.4%) for NF therapy judged by Koyama & Saito's criterion. If the Karnofsky's criterion was applied, I-A category or more were obtained in 10 of 48 patients (20.8%) for NFO and in 2 of 27 (7.4%) for NF therapy. In particular, NFO therapy resulted in the advantageous clinical effects on patients with hepatic and pancreatic carcinomas irrespective of primary or metastatic. The adverse effects of NFO were not more frequent than those of NF therapy. From these results, a new combination regimen, NFO, is thought to bring about a considerable benefit in the treatment of advanced carcinoma of the digestive organs.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Effect of levamisole in postoperative adjuvant immunochemotherapy of stomach cancer--randomized controlled study of MMC-tegafur combination therapy with or without levamisole. 1].

The effects of levamisole used in combination with Mitomycin C and Tegafur in patients with resectable stomach cancer were investigated in 10 cooperative institutes. The patients were randomly allocated to the treatment with either control or levamisole by envelope method. Levamisole group was treated with Mitomycin C (day 0, 20 mg, day 1, 10 mg, one shot i.v.), Tegafur (600 mg/day, p.o.) and levamisole (150 mg/day, p.o.). Levamisole was administered 3 consecutive days prior to surgery, and 3 consecutive days every fortnight after surgery. The control group was administered Mitomycin C and Tegafur. The both drugs were administered by the same method as above. Two hundred and twenty-two patients were entered in this trial. However, with the exclusion of 67 patients, the eligible patients were 155, consisting of 77 in the control group and 78 in the levamisole group. In stage III patients, the disease-free interval and survival time were significantly prolonged in the levamisole group compared to the control group (generalized Wilcoxon test p less than 0.05). The side effects were observed a little more frequently in the levamisole group. However, there was no significant difference. From this result, it can be considered that levamisole is effective in delaying recurrence and in prolonging survival time of the patients when used in combination with adjuvant chemotherapy after resection of stomach cancer.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1982

Advanced gastric cancer simulating early cancer in gross morphologic features.

One hundred and sixteen gastric cancers extending to, but not beyond, the proper muscle layer were divided into 2 groups, based on the gross morphologic appearance of the mucosa. Group A (40 cases) resembled early cancer, group B (76 cases) was classifiable by Borrmann's criteria. Intergroup comparison of the therapeutic results and some of the relevant background factors revealed that the 5-year survival rate was 79,5% in group A and 59,5% in group B; this difference was statistically significant. Background factors possibly related to this difference include the degree of penetration, the form of infiltration and the invasion of veins and lymphatics of the stomach wall by malignant cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Carcinosarcoma of the esophagus--a case report.

We report a case of true esophageal carcinosarcoma, in which well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma and spindle-shaped cell sarcoma were intermingled in the primary and metastatic lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Pulmonary function before and after abdominal surgery in the aged.

In patients 70 years or older, pulmonary function tests were performed before and after abdominal surgery to correlate the results with the development of postoperative pulmonary complications which developed in 48% of these patients, compared to 15% in the control group. To predict the development ot PPC, preoperative analysis of the flow-volume curve is useful and 4 (V50-V25)/forced vital capacity is a valuable parameter for the analysis of the flow-volume curve. Postoperatively, pulmonary function was reduced and there was a delay in the restoration of pulmonary function in cases with postoperative pulmonary complications. The administration of appropriate analgesics may be useful to improve postoperative ventilatory disturbances.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1981

Significance of pelvic retroperitoneal pneumography in the assessment of extramural invasion of rectal carcinoma.

Pelvic retroperitoneal pneumography (PRP) and barium enema were performed simultaneously in 34 patients with rectal carcinoma in an attempt to assess whether there was extramural cancer invasion. In 9 patients, no free air was visualized in the retroperitoneal cavity surrounding the mass, and histological evaluation of the excised specimens showed extramural invasion in all 9. The mean maximum diameter was 4.1 cm. In 25 patients, free air was seen around the mass, and 10 had tumors limited to the rectal wall, the remaining 15 manifested extramural invasion, however, the mean diameter was small (2.0 cm). In a mass whose center was located along the anterior rectal wall, it was difficult to assess from the free air findings whether there was extramural invasion. Based on the present findings, we concluded that PRP is useful in determining preoperatively whether there is extramural invasion in cases with rectal carcinoma involving the posterior and lateral walls.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Comparative study on the nuclear DNA content of leiomyoma, leiomyoblastoma and leiomyosarcoma of the stomach and small intestine.

The nuclear DNA content of tumor cells in 5 leiomyomas, 4 leiomyoblastomas and 2 leiomyosarcomas of the stomach and 1 leiomyosarcoma of the small intestine was examined. From the viewpoint of nuclear DNA content, leiomyoblastoma was between leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma. A definite difference in nuclear DNA content exists among leiomyoma, leiomyoblastoma and leiomyosarcoma, and percentage of nuclei with a DNA content of 3 times or 4 times over the basic chromosome content represented good indices for distinguishing between benign and malignant conditions. A diagnosis of leiomyocarcinoma may be more accurate when over 80% of the nuclei have DNA content values over 3 times of basic nuclear DNA content and when over 50% exhibit more than 4 times of basic content.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

A case of focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver.

Focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver is a rare benign tumor of unknown etiology. Presented here is a case of focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver in a 19-year-old man with asymptomatic hepatomegaly. Liver scan and selective hepatic angiography revealed a tumor mass, which was indistinguishable from a malignant tumor. At laparotomy a large mass measured 16 X 10 X 4 cm and weighed 480 gm arising from a part of the left hepatic lobe and extending down to the abdominal cavity was found. The gross and microscopic findings established the diagnosis of focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver. The clinical, radiological and pathological findings in the patient are described in detail.

Adult↗