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Biomedical subjects

S Koga

Publications and source records attributed to S Koga.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Application of heat combined with antineoplastic agent administration in the treatment of cancer (with special reference to malignancy of the digestive system)].

Recently, there is a renewed interest in the efficacy of hyperthermia in human cancer therapy. Based on the results of our experimental studies, we treated far-advanced cancer patients with extracorporeally induced total-body hyperthermia (TBHT) or continuous hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion (CHPP). In the TBHT combined with anticancer chemotherapy, a partial remission was observed in 4 (25.0%) of 16 far-advanced cancer patients. However, the improvement of survival time was unsatisfactory. The CHPP combined with anticancer chemotherapy was performed in 23 gastric cancer patients with peritoneal dissemination. In 6 of them, subjective complaints were improved, but the remarkable prolongation of survival time was not obtained. If in the future hyperthermochemotherapy is performed for cancer recurrence in early stage, more favourable results may be expected.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Short-term intensive chemotherapy (STIC) combined with intravenous hyperalimentation in advanced stomach cancer].

A short-term intensive chemotherapy (STIC) consisting of large dose of mitomycin C (MMC), tegafur (FT-207), streptococcus preparation picibanil (OK-432) and Krestin (PSK), combined with IVH was performed in 72 patients with advanced gastric cancer. Thirty-three patients were unresectable and 39 patients were recurrent. In this modality, an intensive chemotherapy was able to carry out, maintaining, or increasing in host immunologic parameters and body weight in spite of their disturbed condition in oral food take. Partial response was obtained in 10 of 51 evaluable cases (19.6%) and the survival period on STIC was superior to that on controls. However, no significant difference was observed between the two groups. Four patients had become to be able to take full oral food again by STIC and resulted in the removal of IVH. Hyperglycemia and septicaemia induced by IVH were observed in 9 of 72 patients (12.5%), one died of septicaemia. Full attention should be paid in the management of IVH for patients with advanced cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Lymph node removal for advanced gastric cancer with special reference to peritoneal metastasis.

The 5-year survival rate of gastric cancer patients was evaluated in relation to cancer infiltration to the gastric serosa, lymph node metastasis and lymph node removal, the pattern of cancer recurrence, and the presence of free cancer cells in the peritoneal cavity. The 5-year survival of patients with cancer infiltration to the gastric serosa was not improved even by more extensive lymph node removal (R3 removal) than secondary lymph node removal (R2 removal). In these patients, viable free cancer cells were detected in the peritoneal cavity. In patients with cancer recurrence, peritoneal metastasis was often present within 2 years of curative surgery. Based on our present results, we suggest that in advanced gastric cancer with marked serosal invasion, selective removal of more distant lymph nodes than secondary lymph nodes according to the location of the primary cancer lesion should be carried out in addition to R2 removal and that this selective removal is superior to uniform R3 removal.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

[Immunological significance of splenectomy in gastric cancer surgery. Production of immunosuppressive factor in the spleen].

We studied immunological significance of splenectomy in gastric cancer surgery with special reference to serum suppressor factor. The results showed that the sera from splenic venous blood in advanced gastric cancer was more suppressive to PHA blastogenesis of normal lymphocytes and also higher in the values of circulating immune complexes, as compared to the sera from peripheral blood. Furthermore, the media from cultures of spleen cells of patients with advanced gastric cancer indicated to suppress PHA blastogenesis of normal lymphocytes, as compared to the media from cultures of peripheral lymphocytes of the same patients. The suppressive activity was more increased in the media from cultures of nonadherent cell population obtained from the spleen cells. From these data, it was suggested that the spleen of patients with advanced gastric cancer was capable of producing serum suppressor factor. Therefore, gastrectomy combined with splenectomy may be reasonable in patients with advanced gastric cancer.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical practice of systemic hyperthermia therapy and immune reactions of the host].

The effect of extracorporeally induced total-body hyperthermia (TBHT) on host immunocompetence was described. 1) Partial response (more than 50% of tumor regression) was observed in 4 of 13 evaluable patients and pain relief was obtained in 3 of 6 patients who had been suffered from pain before receiving TBHT. 2) In vitro hyperthermia (39 degrees, 42 degrees C) depressed the cytotoxic activity of murine lymphocytes against MH-134 cells as well as PHA-induced blastogenesis. In vitro hyperthermia (42 degrees C) also resulted in a marked decrease in the capability of E-rosetting and PHA-induced blastogenesis of human lymphocytes. However, human lymphocytes blastogenesis was enhanced after in vitro heating at 39 degrees C. 3) E-rosetting capability and PHA-induced blastogenesis of lymphocytes were depressed just immediately after the treatment in patients treated with TBHT, which returned to pretreatment levels within a week. 4) Decreased PHA and PPD skin reactions remained up to 3 weeks after the last TBHT. 5) Serum levels of immunoglobulin, complement and alpha 2-macroglobulin were slightly affected by TBHT, and serum haptoglobin showed a tendency to decrease.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Effect of bile acids on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon cancer in rats.

The effects of intercepting a part of the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids by ileal resection or bypass on the quantitative and qualitative changes of fecal bile acids were investigated in rats, and the relationship of these changes to the development of DMH-induced colon cancer was studied. The daily fecal total bile acid level was increased in all intercepted groups, especially those with long resection and exclusion. Total bile acid levels played a greater role in the development of DMH-induced colon cancer than did primary or secondary bile acid levels individually. Our findings suggest that bile acid acts as a promoter in the development of colon cancer.

1,2-Dimethylhydrazine↗
PubMed1982

Comparison of 5- and 10-year survival rates in operated gastric cancer patients. Assessment of the 5-year survival rate as a valid indicator of postoperative curability.

To evaluate whether it is appropriate to estimate the postoperative curability of gastric cancer based on the 5-year survival rate, we compared 5- and 10-year survival rates in 477 primary gastric cancer patients who had undergone gastrectomy during the 8-year period from 1960-1967. In patients who had died more than 5 years after surgery, the cause of death was investigated. The 10-year survival rate of 315 curatively operated patients was 59.1%, 2.9% lower than the 5-year survival rate. Of 176 patients who survived more than 5 years postoperatively, only 9 (5.1%) died of cancer recurrence, suggesting that the 5-year survival rate adequately reflects the curative success of gastric cancer surgery. The postoperative curability of gastric cancer is usually estimated by the 5-year survival rate. However, even in patients who survived for more than 5 years postoperatively, cancer recurrence has been observed. Therefore, we deemed it useful to assess whether it is appropriate to estimate the postoperative curability of gastric cancer based on the 5-year survival rate. From this point of view, we compared the 5- and 10-year survival rates of operated primary gastric patients and investigated the cause of death in patients who died more than 5 years postoperatively. Furthermore, in patients with cancer recurrence more than 5 years postoperatively, the pathologic findings on the cancer in the originally resected specimen were re-evaluated.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Intraoperative colonoscopy for the diagnosis of multiple cancers of the large intestine.

Seventeen patients with multiple simultaneous cancers of the large intestine were investigated. Three out of 4 patients with multiple advanced cancers were correctly diagnosed preoperatively. Multiple cancerous lesions of early and advanced stages coexisted in 13 patients, and it was possible to diagnose the existence of multiple cancers in only 5 preoperatively. A study on the preoperative detectability of coexisting early cancers showed that early lesions located distally to the advanced ones were frequently detected, however, subsidiary lesions located proximally tended to be overlooked. Hence, intraoperative colonoscopy was performed in patients with cancer of the large intestine whenever there was a portion that had not been adequately inspected prior to surgery. Of 31 patients subjected to this examination, 5 had a total of 7 polypoid lesions, in one case we found evidence of a small advanced cancer which was not detected preoperatively.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Effect of regional or distant lymph node removal and of splenectomy on immunologic responses in Ehrlich tumor-bearing mice.

To study the role of regional (RLN) and distant (DLN) lymph nodes and of the spleen in the regulation of tumor immunity, we monitored tumor growth in mice subjected to lymph node removal or splenectomy. We found that tumor growth was facilitated when RLN were removed before or soon after tumor inoculation and that RLN removal after extirpation of the immunizing tumor decreased the host resistance to a subsequent challenge. When splenectomy preceded tumor inoculation, tumor growth was not affected, however, marked growth inhibition was observed when splenectomy was performed 5 days after tumor inoculation. Furthermore, splenectomy combined with extirpation of the immunizing tumor increased the host resistance to a subsequent challenge. We conclude from these studies that RLN or the spleen may be of immunologic importance in the host's tumor resistance.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Effects of oral and intravenous fat administration on the levels of apoproteins A-I, A-II and C-III in human.

Changes of plasma levels of apoproteins A-I, A-II and C-III were determined after oral and intravenous fat administration. The A-I levels increased in three out of four subjects after fat ingestion but no changes or even a slight decrease in the levels of A-I were observed after intravenous fat infusion. The A-II levels also increased after fat ingestion in two subjects but the levels either did not change or decreased slightly after fat infusion. The levels of C-III increased concomitantly with the increase of triglyceride levels after fat ingestion as well as fat infusion . After intravenous fat infusion, part of the C-III in the d greater 1.006 fraction shifted to the lighter fraction (d less than 1.006). These observations suggest that the increase in the levels of A-I and A-II after fat ingestion are a consequence of an increase in apoprotein synthesis in the intestine during fat absorption. The increase in the levels of C-III after fat ingestion as well as fat infusion seemed to be related to the capture of C-III inthe triglyceride rich particles, i.e. C-III accumulated in the circulation with triglyceride-rich particles. However, it appeared also to be possible that the rate of C-III synthesis increases during hyperlipidemia induced by fat infusion.

Administration, Oral↗