[11 cases of gastrointestinal leiomyosarcoma--roentgenologic appearances].
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
S Koga
Publications and source records attributed to S Koga.
[Estimation of ventricular activation by scintigraphic phase image analysis].
We examined the capabilities of scintigraphic phase imaging in detecting the site of the onset of ventricular activation and the pattern of ventricular activation sequence. ECG-gated equilibrium cardiac blood pool scintigraphy was obtained in the left anterior oblique (LAO) and right anterior oblique (RAO) projections. The standard 12-lead electrocardiograms (ECG) were recorded in 29 cases with various conditions. These included seven normal subjects as controls, eight patients (pts) with complete right bundle branch block (CRBBB), one with CRBBB and left axis deviation (LAD), two with complete left bundle branch block (CLBBB), one with the Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome (B-type), six with right ventricular apical endocardial pacemakers, one with a right ventricular anterior wall myocardial pacemaker, and three with left ventricular apical myocardial pacemakers. Phase image analysis was performed using the first harmonic of the Fourier transform to fit a cosine curve to the time-activity curve of each pixel in the cardiac blood pool study. The results were as follows: In pts with WPW syndrome (B-type) and artificial pacemakers, the site of the earliest phase angle corresponded to the site of the onset of ventricular activation as predicted by ECG and chest radiographs, respectively. However, in normal subjects and in pts with CRBBB, the site of the earliest phase angle was observed at the basal (upper) interventricular septum, which was different from the site of the onset of ventricular activation previously reported by Sodi-Pallares et al and Durrer et al. This discrepancy may have been caused by the paradoxical motion of the basal (upper) interventricular septum in those cases. A similar discrepancy was also observed in pts with CLBBB. Although the site of onset of ventricular activation was predicted to be near the insertion of the anterior papillary muscle of the right ventricle by ECG and electrophysiology, the pixels showing early phase angle were distributed widely along the interventricular septum in those pts with CLBBB. This error in the phase image may have been caused by the extensive paradoxical motion of the interventricular septum. Thus, caution should be exercised in estimating the site of the onset of ventricular activation by phase images. The main direction of phase changes corresponded well to the ventricular activation sequence estimated using ECG in all subjects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Adult↗
[Observation of magnetic fields from three directions, and the moving image of the heart in a normal subject].
Three components of the magnetic field generated by the heart over the anterior aspect of the chest in a normal subject were detected using a Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) magnetometer with a single detecting coil in a magnetically shielded room. Contour maps and color density maps of the field were prepared by computer. Movies of sequential magnetic fields of the vertical component on the anterior aspect of the chest were made from these maps. In the movies, the maximum moved from the upper central portion to right lower portion in the early stage of ventricular excitation. It moved to the central portion in the middle stage, then returned to the upper central portion in the late stage. Three-dimensional maps of instantaneous magnetic fields over the anterior portion of the chest were derived from maps of three components of the field, and from presumed heart vectors and were drawn as arrows, based on the Viot-Savart theorem. Heart vectors from these field maps corresponded well with septal forces in the early stage, left ventricular free wall force in the middle stage and the basal force in the late stage, respectively. However, large circulating vectors in the form of clockwise rotation in the central portion were also presumed. These circulating heart vectors did not correspond with the sequence of cardiac excitation as reported by Durrer et al. This discrepancy may have been caused by the fact that the vertical electric current could not be expressed from our display for presuming an electric force. Therefore, new displays and interpretations may be required for the expression of heart vectors.
Heart↗
Possible role of duodenogastric reflux on the development of remnant gastric carcinoma induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in rats.
The relationship between operative procedures and the incidence of remnant stomach carcinoma was investigated in male Wistar rats orally treated with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine [(MNNG) CAS: 70-25-7; 1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine]. A total of 178 rats was divided into 5 groups: After gastrectomy in which half of the glandular stomach was removed, group 1 received Billroth II reconstruction; group 2 was given short Roux-en-Y reconstruction; group 3 had long Roux-en-Y reconstruction; group 4 received gastrotomy alone; and group 5 consisted of nonoperated control rats. The incidence of gastric adenocarcinoma in MNNG-treated rats was significantly higher in group 1 (38.9%) as compared with that in group 3 (7.1%) and that in group 5 (9.5%). All tumors developed in the gastroenteric anastomotic area. Histologic examination of the gastric mucosa revealed atrophic gastritis and erosion in the gastroenteric anastomotic area, especially in rats with carcinoma. These findings seem to implicate the duodenogastric reflux, especially the reflux of bile acids, in the development of remnant stomach carcinoma in rats.
Animals↗
Permeation and deposition of fibrinogen and low-density lipoprotein in the aorta and cerebral artery of rabbits--immuno-electron microscopic study.
The localization of fibrinogen and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in the arterial wall has been studied to determine whether they mediate the effects of hypertension and/or hypercholesteraemia on atherogenesis. In untreated control rabbits, fibrinogen was localized in the caveolae and vesicles of the endothelial cells and in the subendothelial spaces of the aorta. No fibrinogen was found in the subendothelial spaces of the cerebral artery. Hypertension or hypercholesteraemia was accompanied by enhanced insudation of fibrinogen into the subendothelial spaces of the aorta and cerebral artery, and fibrinogen deposition was most prominent in the hypercholesteraemic rabbits with induced renovascular hypertension. The insudation of fibrinogen appeared to occur by way of vesicular transport, and to some extent by junctional transport. In the untreated control rabbits, LDL was localized only in the caveolae and vesicles of endothelial cells in both aorta and cerebral artery. LDL was deposited in the subendothelial space of the aorta of hypercholesteraemic rabbits with or without hypertension, and in the cerebral artery of hypercholesteraemic rabbits with hypertension. These findings suggest that fibrinogen insudates into the intima of the aorta and cerebral artery both during hypertension and hypercholesteraemia, and that LDL insudation into the intima of the aorta in hypercholesteraemia is accentuated by hypertension. LDL insudated into the intima of the cerebral artery in the presence of hypercholesteraemia linked to hypertension. Thus, hypertension plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of cerebral atherosclerosis.
Animals↗
[An adult case of the right aortic arch and persistent superior vena cava].
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Aorta, Thoracic↗
The effects of total-body hyperthermia combined with anticancer drugs on immunity in advanced cancer patients.
As total-body hyperthermia (TBHT) therapy may lead to a reduction in the immune response of cancer patients because of the immediate effect of heat on lymphocytes, the authors studied the immunity of advanced cancer patients receiving combined TBHT and anticancer chemotherapy. A decrease was found in their lymphocyte blastogenesis, skin reactions to PPD and PHA, lymphocyte rosette formation, IgG, and C3c component. These parameters returned to their pretreatment levels at 1 week after completion of TBHT therapy. This result indicates that there is no necessity for giving special consideration to a reduction of cell-mediated immunity in TBHT therapy.
Adult↗
Effects of in vitro hyperthermia on murine and human lymphocytes.
The effect of in vitro hyperthermia on the immune response of murine and human lymphocytes was investigated. Viability, blastogenesis and cytotoxic activity of murine lymphocytes were reduced at 39 and 42 degrees C hyperthermia. In human lymphocytes, rosette formation inhibition depended on heating-time and temperature. PHA-induced lymphocyte blastogenesis was markedly inhibited at 42 degrees C, irrespective of the duration of exposure and of the origin of the cells, although it was enhanced in some patients at 39 degrees C. Therefore, the possibility of hyperthermia-induced inhibition of the host immune response must be considered in clinical trials of total-body hyperthermia for cancer.
Animals↗
[Clinical and pathological evaluation of patients with positive finding of cancer cells in the oral stump of the resected stomach].
Of 40 gastric cancer patients leaving cancer cells in the oral stump of the resected stomach, 30 died of recurrence of cancer within 2 years after surgery. In 16 of them, patterns of recurrence were ascertained by relaparotomy or autopsy. Furthermore, recurrent cancer in the gastric stump was found in 10 of these patients. As histological features of primary cancer in stump recurrence patients, sporadic infiltration in the gastric wall and invasion into the lymph vessels in the submucosa were indicated. In infiltrative cancer, therefore, it is important to perform intraoperative cytologic or histologic examination of the oral stump of the resected stomach.
Adult↗
Transumbilical portal vein catheterization and insulin analysis in an infant with hypoglycemia.
We performed transumbilical portal vein catheterization and sampled portal blood selectively to carry out immunoreactive insulin (IRI) analyses in a 7-month-old girl with hypoglycemia. The IRI concentration was highest in the mid-portion of the splenic vein. Although no tumor was found at surgery, 70 per cent of the caudal pancreas was resected above the superior mesenteric vein to a point determined by preoperative investigations. Pathologic examination of the resected specimen indicated nesidioblastosis. There have been no postoperative hypoglycemic symptoms. Our technique is efficacious in reaching a diagnosis of infantile hypoglycemia.
Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
Immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP) in gastric cancer patients.
Immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP) in the serum from peripheral, splenic and regional venous blood of gastric cancer patients was assayed. Peripheral venous blood was collected before, and for several months after the surgery. The IAP values of peripheral venous blood, increased with advancing cancer stage; in patients at the same cancer stage, the IAP values of venous blood draining from the cancer lesion were the highest. In curatively operated patients, the IAP values increased during the first postoperative month and decreased thereafter. In patients with non-resectable cancer and in patients subjected to palliative surgery, these values remained high; they increased sharply just before death. Determination of the serum IAP values in gastric cancer patients may be useful in estimating the immunological state of gastric cancer patients and for monitoring the postoperative immunological status.
Gastrectomy↗
Esophageal cancer associated with primary early gastric cancer.
We treated 114 Japanese patients with primary esophageal cancer during a period between 1965 and 1981; and 5 (4.4 per cent) were associated with simultaneous primary gastric cancer. Four of the 5 patients were treated surgically and all of the coexisting gastric cancers were in the early stage. The presence of gastric lesions was correctly diagnosed preoperatively in two of four patients. Surgical reconstruction was done to prepare a new route for food ingestion using a segment of ileo-ascending colon. In the other two patients, gastric tube was prepared, because gastric cancers were detected by chance in the resected specimens in these patients. Based on our experiences, we wish to stress the importance of detailed preoperative gastric examination and of careful intraoperative inspection of the gastric mucosa in patients with esophageal cancer whose preoperative gastric examination provides inconclusive evidence due to the presence of esophageal stenosis.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Possible role of lymph node dissection in the surgical treatment of gastric cancer with disseminating peritoneal metastasis.
qathological background factors of patients with gastric cancer and peritoneal metastasis were studied. In palliatively gastrectomized patients, there was a close relationship between the extent of cancer invasion to the gastric serosa and postoperative survival; the less extensive the serosal invasion, the longer was the survival time. The relationship between the extent of lymph node dissection and postoperative survival showed that, in the presence of metastasis to Group 1 and 2 lymph nodes, many of the long-term survivors had undergone dissection of these lymph nodes. Although a sweeping conclusion should be avoided since retrospective analysis forms the basis of this report, it is assumed that in patients with gastric cancer and peritoneal metastasis, surgery should not be confined to resection of the primary focus, but should include regional lymph node dissection.
Adult↗
Quantitative determinations of HDL2 and HDL3 in patients with liver disease.
To elucidate the role of the liver in the metabolism of HDL subfractions, the levels of HDL2 and HDL3 were determined in the sera obtained from patients with liver disease. The determinations were carried out either by zonal ultracentrifugation or by gradient gel electrophoresis combined with HDL cholesterol measurement. Mean HDL3 cholesterol level in patients with liver cirrhosis was about one third of the normal controls whereas no significant changes were observed in HDL2 cholesterol concentration. HDL3 cholesterol levels in patients with chronic hepatitis were about a half of the controls. The levels of HDL3 cholesterol correlated significantly to the levels of serum albumin and to choline esterase activities. The results suggest either that HDL3 is synthesized in the liver or that there is a metabolic defect in the conversion of HDL2 to HDL3 in liver disease.
Adult↗
Effects of hypertension and hypercholesteremia on the permeability of fibrinogen and low density lipoprotein in the coronary artery of rabbits. Immunoelectron-microscopic study.
In an attempt to elucidate the effects of hypertension and/or hypercholesteremia on atherogenesis, with special reference to permeation and deposition of fibrinogen and low density lipoprotein (LDL) in the coronary artery, we studied electron-microscopically the localization of fibrinogen and LDL. In the untreated control rabbits, fibrinogen was localized in the caveolae and vesicles of the endothelial cells and in very small amounts in the subendothelial spaces of the coronary artery. Hypertension or hypercholesteremia was related to an enhanced insudation of fibrinogen into the subendothelial spaces of the coronary artery. The insudation of fibrinogen seemed to have occurred by way of vesicular transport and, to some extent, by junctional transport. LDL was localized only in the caveolae and vesicles of the endothelial cells of the coronary artery in the untreated control rabbits. LDL was deposited in the subendothelial space of the hypercholesteremic rabbits, with or without hypertension. Despite the lack of clear-cut and direct evidence, the insudation of LDL into the intima appeared to be enhanced by way of vesicular transport.
Animals↗
Increased thermal stability of collagen in the presence of sugars and polyols.
The effects of sugars and polyols on the thermal denaturation temperature, Tm, of acid-soluble collagen from calf skin were studied at pH 4.0 under atmospheric pressure as well as high pressures up to 4,000 atm. Addition of these compounds invariably raised Tm with increases in their concentration over the whole range of pressure. The extent of stabilization by different sugars and polyols is discussed in terms of their different influences on the structure of water. The hydroxymethyl chain length of polyols and equatorial OH groups of the sugars were found to be decisive factors for their stabilizing effect on collagen structure. The similarity in their stabilizing effects on collagen and globular proteins suggests that our stabilization mechanism proposed for globular proteins can be essentially extended to fibrous proteins: such protein stabilization would be dominantly mediated through a preferential hydration of protein, originating in the water-structure-making character of sugars and polyols.
Alcohols↗
Fecal bile acids and neutral sterols in Japanese with large bowel carcinoma.
We compared the level of fecal bile acids and neutral sterols in 15 Japanese with large bowel carcinoma and 10 healthy controls. There was no significant difference in the amount of total fecal bile acids and neutral sterols between the patients and the controls. However, the amount of primary bile acids, especially chenodeoxycholic acid, tended to be higher in the patients. Conversely, lithocholic, beta-lithocholic and 3 alpha-hydroxy-12-ketocholanoic acid levels were higher in the controls. Trace amounts of 3 alpha-hydroxy-6-ketocholanoic acid were detected in some of the patients; none was found in the controls. Although a hasty conclusion should be avoided in the present study, it is of considerable interest that there was a difference in fecal bile acid composition between large bowel carcinoma patients and healthy controls.
Aged↗
[Studies on the etiology and clinical features of 270 cases of liver cirrhosis].
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Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗