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Biomedical subjects

S Koga

Publications and source records attributed to S Koga.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Effect of extracorporeally induced total body hyperthermia for cancer on cardiovascular function.

Total body hyperthermia (TBHT) was induced in patients with terminal cancer, using a femoral arterio-venous shunt as an extracorporeal circuit incorporating a heat exchanger. A total of 31 systemic hyperthermic treatments lasting 3 to 4 hours at 41.5 degrees C to 42 degrees C (rectal temperature) were performed on 11 patients; chemotherapy had previously been unsuccessful in all of these cases. The effect of TBHT on cardiovascular function was explored in these patients. The heart rate and cardiac output were always markedly increased during hyperthermia, however, the peripheral arterial, central venous, pulmonary arterial and pulmonary wedge pressures were little affected and no progressive metabolic acidosis occurred. TBHT was generally well tolerated and there was no instance in which this treatment had to be terminated because of severe cardiovascular failure during hyperthermia.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[A histopathological study of gastric cancer with liver metastasis, with special reference to poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the medullary type].

Thirty-nine gastric cancer patients with liver metastasis on laparotomy were histologically analyzed. Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the medullary type was the most common histologic type followed by papillary adenocarcinoma. Analysis of 32 gastric cancer patients who manifested liver metastasis after the operation showed that papillary adenocarcinoma and poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the medullary type were frequent. We conclude that poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the medullary type is the most common histologic type of gastric carcinoma metastasizing to the liver.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

[Combination chemotherapy with neocarzinostatin(NCS), HCFU and picibanil(NHO therapy) for advanced carcinoma of the digestive system--a comparative study with NF, and NFO therapy].

We have previously reported the clinical effects of NF therapy (NCS + 5-FU) and NFO therapy (NCS + 5-FU + Picibanil) on patients with advanced carcinoma of the digestive organs. In the present study, (NHO therapy (NCS + HCFU + Picibanil) performed in 41 patients and 30 patients were evaluated for its clinical effects. In comparison with NHO, NF and NFO, partial regression (tumor regression exceeding 50%) was noted in 5 of 30 patients (16.7%) on NHO, which was superior to 7.4% on NF, but slightly inferior to 18.8% on NFO. However, six and twelve month survival rate and 50% survival month on NHO therapy were 31.6%, 10.5% and 4.6 months, respectively and they were superior to those of NF and NFO therapy. Though the incidence of the adverse effects by NHO was almost identical with that of NFO and not more frequent than that of NF therapy. Urinary frequency, hot sensation and urgency due to HCFU administration were observed approximately in 10% on NFO therapy. In the three modalities the advantageous clinical effects on patients with hepatic carcinoma irrespective of primary or metastatic were observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[A clinical study on cefotiam with special reference to excretion in bile and concentration in gallbladder tissue].

Following 1 hour intravenous drip infusion of 1.0 g of cefotiam (CTM), 38 patients with cholelithiasis were operated at scheduled intervals. The CTM concentrations in serum, common duct bile, gallbladder bile and gallbladder tissue were measured. The mean level of CTM concentration in serum showed a peak of 53.1 micrograms/ml at 1 hour, and decreased in the level of 1.0 microgram/ml at 5 hours after administration. CTM concentrations in common duct bile revealed a mean level of 162 micrograms/ml at 1 hour and similarly high concentrations from 1 to 5 times of the peak level in serum were maintained for 3.5 hours. In patients with impaired liver function, the levels of CTM concentration were lower than those without them. CTM concentrations in gallbladder bile showed a high value at 2-3.5 hours after administration . In many cases the levels were relatively lower than those in common duct bile, particularly ion patients with cystic duct obstruction and/or with marked chronic cholecystitis. As for gallbladder tissue levels, CTM concentrations showed low levels less than 50 micrograms/g in patients with pathological changes of gallbladder, as well as in gallbladder bile. While, favorable concentrations of 50-100 micrograms/g were obtained in patients without them. There was a positive correlation between CTM concentrations in common duct bile and gallbladder bile, and also between the concentrations in gallbladder bile and those in gallbladder tissue in patients without cystic duct obstruction or marked chronic cholecystitis. Then, in the situation, CTM transfer into gallbladder bile or gallbladder tissue might be mainly dependent on biliary excretion of CTM.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Interleukin 1 activity in culture supernatant of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated monocytes from patients with chronic liver disease.

We have developed a monocyte function test to determine the Interleukin 1 activity in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated monocyte culture supernatant, with or without the addition of indomethacin, in order to investigate helper and suppressor functions of monocytes in patients with chronic liver disease. Release of Interleukin 1 from monocytes was increased in patients with liver cirrhosis (p less than 0.01). Activity of suppressor monocytes was increased both in patients with chronic active hepatitis (p less than 0.01 and in those with liver cirrhosis (p less than 0.001). Since these disorders in the immunoregulatory function of monocytes were enhanced with advancement of liver dysfunction, we conclude that the liver plays an important role in maintaining normal monocyte function, and that chronic liver disease probably relates to dysfunction of monocytes.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Clinical efficacy of ceftazidime in inflammatory diseases in the field of gynecology].

Ceftazidime ( CAZ ) was evaluated for its clinical efficacy in a total of 12 cases, namely 3 cases of endometritis, 3 cases of intrapelvic infections, 4 cases of adnexitis and 2 cases of external genital infections. In all the cases, CAZ was administered by intravenous drip infusion, and the duration of the treatment ranged from 3 to 22 days. Daily dose was 2 g in 10 cases, and in the remaining 2 cases, daily doses were changed during the course of treatment in the range from 2 to 4 g. The clinical results of CAZ by disease were as follows; excellent in 1 case and good in 2 cases of endometritis, good in all the 3 cases of intrapelvic infections and the 4 cases of adnexitis, and excellent in 1 case and good in 1 case of external genital infections. The overall efficacy rate was 100%, namely, excellent in 2 cases and good in 10 cases of the total of 12 cases. Neither side effects nor abnormal laboratory findings attributable to CAZ were observed in any of the case. From these results, we may conclude that CAZ is a safe antibiotic with satisfactory clinical effects on gynecological infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Serum levels of mitomycin C following a high-dose continuous hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion].

Valid therapeutic means have not been established for treatment of disseminated peritoneal metastasis of carcinoma. Continuous hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion (CHPP) with high-dose of mitomycin-C (MMC) was applied to 26 patients with peritoneal metastasis from gastric, rectal or ovarian cancers. Levels of MMC in the sera and in the perfusate were measured. The results obtained were: 1. Approximately a half of the dose of MMC added into the perfusion fluid was recovered. 2. When perfused with 100 mg of MMC, the maximum serum concentration of MMC was equivalent to 1/3 of the maximum serum level when injected with 10 mg of MMC intravenously. Therefore, MMC which could not be detected in CHPP seemed to be retained in the abdominal cavity. 3. Bone marrow inhibition caused by CHPP was observed in only 2 of 26 patients. 4. The total dose of 300 mg of MMC, consisting of the maximum dose of 100 mg each, is acceptable in CHPP without any severe side effect. 5. CHPP exerts antitumor effects when utilizing hyperthermia and a high-dose of MMC on the disseminated peritoneal foci of carcinoma.

Female↗
PubMed1984

Treatment of implanted peritoneal cancer in rats by continuous hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion in combination with an anticancer drug.

To study the feasibility of combined hyperthermic and anticancer drug treatment for peritoneal cancer, we devised a continuous hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion system in combination with mitomycin C. The model uses i.p.-transplantable rat ascites hepatoma 100B cells. Hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion alone or combined with mitomycin C was performed after i.p. inoculation of the tumor cells into rats. In rats treated with combined peritoneal perfusion (41.5 degrees) and mitomycin C, the mean survival times were significantly prolonged as compared to those of rats treated with peritoneal perfusion at 41.5 degrees alone. Our results suggest that combined hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion and mitomycin C treatment may represent a therapeutic and prophylactic treatment for peritoneal metastasis after gastric cancer surgery in humans.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Intra-hepato-arterial administration of cis-diammine-dichloroplatinum II (CDDP) for primary or metastatic hepatic cancer].

To study the effectiveness of CDDP for hepatic cancer, intra-hepato-arterial administration of CDDP (0.8-1.0 mg/kg/week) combined with 5-FU (250 mg/body/day) was performed for 10 patients with primary or metastatic hepatic cancer. As the results, partial response was obtained in 6 of 8 evaluable patients. However, the adverse effect was very high rate; leucopenia, thrombocytopenia and vomiting (nausea) were observed in 9, 6 and 6 of 10 patients respectively. The dose limiting factor of CDDP was not a nephrotoxicity but a bone marrow depression in this series. Though a noticeable antitumor effect of this modality was obtained, some improvements should be applied to it to decrease the adverse effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Carcinoma of the upper portion of the stomach; proximal partial gastrectomy or total gastrectomy].

Significance of proximal partial gastrectomy for carcinoma of the upper portion of the stomach is reported. The 5-year postoperative survival rate was 58% in patients receiving proximal partial gastrectomy while it was 61% in those undergoing total gastrectomy. With respect to stage III cancer cases, there was no difference in the 5-year postoperative survival between the 2 groups. Therefore, we suppose that proximal partial gastrectomy is a treatment of choice for patients with carcinoma of the upper portion of the stomach. Late postoperative laboratory examination showed less incidence of hyperchromic anemia in patients receiving proximal partial gastrectomy, and lowered serum vitamin B12 level was noted in patients undergoing total gastrectomy. Hypergastrinemia was found in patients receiving proximal partial gastrectomy, although its physiologic significance remains to be elucidated.

Cardia↗
PubMed1984

Cause of late postoperative death in patients with early gastric cancer with special reference to recurrence and the incidence of metachronous primary cancer in other organs.

Among 452 patients who underwent operation for early gastric cancer, 101 were late deaths. The cause of death in these patients was studied with special reference to cancer recurrence and the occurrence of metachronous cancers in other organs. Of these 101 patients, 63 died of noncancerous diseases, the other 38 of cancer. Among the latter, 15 patients died of recurrence more than 5 years after operation; macroscopically, the protruded or elevated type combined with the depressed or excavated type were found more frequently in the primary lesions. Differentiated adenocarcinoma was a characteristic histologic findings for these lesions, and hematogenic metastasis was the most frequent recurrence pattern. Ten patients with early gastric cancer who underwent operation died of metachronous cancer in other organs. Our findings suggest that in the long-term follow-up of patients with early gastric cancer who undergo operation, the occurrence of metachronous cancer in other organs should be considered in addition to recurrence of cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Follow-up study on the cause of death after surgery for gastric and duodenal ulcers with special reference to the incidence of residual stomach cancer.

Of 1325 patients operated for gastric or duodenal ulcer between 1948 and 1977, 295 (22.3%) had died. We analyzed the cause of death in these patients by follow-up study. The 3 major causes were cerebro-, cardiovascular and malignant disease, the same as in the normal Japanese population. In patients with malignant diseases, death was due to cancer of the liver, lung and remnant gastric stump in 6.0%, 5.2% and 0.4%, respectively. Compared to Western countries, the incidence of cancer of the gastric remnant was remarkably low in our series.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Promoting effect of bile acids on the chemical transformation of C3H/10T1/2 fibroblasts in vitro.

We studied the effect of bile acids on the chemically induced transformation of C3H/10T1/2 fibroblasts in vitro. Bile acids exerted marked cytotoxicity on the cells at concentrations of greater than 100 microM lithocholic acid or deoxycholic acid, greater than 150 microM chenodeoxycholic acid, and greater than 500 microM cholic acid. N-Methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) at 13.6 microM showed remarkable cytotoxicity to the cells but produced transformed cell foci in the cultures. When the cells were pretreated with MNNG and then maintained in medium containing bile acids, they showed an increased number of transformed cell foci compared to cells treated with MNNG alone. No promotion was observed in cultures treated first with bile acids and then with MNNG. On the basis of the present data, we conclude that bile acids promote the carcinogenic process of C3H/10T1/2 cells and that such promoting activity is observed not only with secondary but also with primary bile acids.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Clinical effects of total-body hyperthermia combined with anticancer chemotherapy for far-advanced cancer].

We treated 27 patients with far-advanced cancer with extracorporeally induced total-body hyperthermia combined with anticancer chemotherapy (TBHC). All of them under went unsuccessful anticancer chemotherapy. Excluding 7 patients who could not be evaluated, a partial response was obtained in 7 of 20 patients (35%). Considering that the patients in our series were in the terminal stage of cancer, our results are encouraging. However, despite the regression of the mass in some patients, the survival time after TBHC was not always prolonged. A characteristic complication of TBHC was the weakness of the muscles in the lower extremities. The occurrence of muscle weakness could be prevented by administration of phosphate. To improve the therapeutic effects of TBHC, there are some problems to be solved. In combined anticancer chemotherapy, the selection of anticancer drugs and the timing of their administration are of importance. Thus, the optimal heating method and the combined anticancer chemotherapy are the areas requiring further study to determine the clinical efficacy of TBHC in patients.

Animals↗