[Computed tomographic demonstration of azygos continuation with the left inferior vena cava].
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
S Koga
Publications and source records attributed to S Koga.
Peritoneal mesothelial cell injury factors in rat cancerous ascites.
To elucidate the mechanism of the peritoneal dissemination of cancer, the influence of cancerous ascites on peritoneal mesothelial cells was studied by scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy. We inoculated normal Donryu rats with AH100B ascites hepatoma cells and studied the influence of the supernatant from cancerous ascites on the normal rat peritoneal surface by i.p. injection. The mesothelial cells were damaged and exfoliated markedly, which is supposed to be a profitable condition for cancer cells to proliferate on the peritoneal surface. Therefore, the presence of mesothelial cell injury factors was noted. Subsequently, we divided the supernatant from rat cancerous ascites into four fractions by gel filtration and revealed the distribution of mesothelial cell injury factors by studying the influence of each fraction on the normal rat peritoneal surface. Although Fraction I (fibrin fraction) and Fraction II (IgG fraction) made no changes on the peritoneal surface, Fraction III (albumin fraction) and Fraction IV provoked damages on the mesothelial cells. We found that the mesothelial cell injury factors are present in the albumin fraction and in the fraction containing low-molecular-weight substances.
Animals↗
[Clinical efficacy of cefpimizole in inflammatory diseases in the field of gynecology].
Clinical study to evaluate the usefulness of cefpimizole (AC-1370) was made in the 6 patients with female genital organ infections. Two grams or 4 g of AC-1370 was administered a day by intravenous drip infusion ranging from 5 to 18 days. Responses were excellent in 2 cases, good in 3 cases and poor in 1 case, parametritis after hysterectomy. The efficacy rate was 83%. Neither general side effect nor abnormal laboratory finding was observed. AC-1370 showed a satisfactory clinical efficacy in treatment of the infections in the field of gynecology, and it has been concluded that AC-1370 will be an useful antibiotic for these infections.
Adult↗
[Effects of in vitro hyperthermia on adriamycin uptake in Ehrlich ascites cells].
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Animals↗
[Relationship between cholecystectomy and the subsequent development of colorectal carcinoma].
In order to clarify the presence or absence of a relationship between cholecystectomy and the subsequent development of colorectal carcinoma, we compared the incidence of previous cholecystectomy in 448 patients with colorectal cancer and in 1627 with gastric cancer, who had been treated in our clinic during the 21 year period through 1963 to 1983. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of previous cholecystectomy between patients with colorectal and gastric cancer. We then performed an historical cohort study covering 461 patients undergoing cholecystectomy for gallstone during the 32 year period from 1949 to 1981 for the subsequent occurrence of carcinoma of the colorectum and stomach. The observed incidence was one in colon cancer and six in gastric cancer, showing a similar proportion of the development of both carcinomas in our district. The present study showed no evidence of cholecystectomy being an increased risk for the development of colorectal carcinoma.
Adolescent↗
[Roentgenologic appearance of left-sided inferior vena cava].
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Adult↗
[Serum gastrin and secretin and their trophic action after proximal and total gastrectomy].
Serum levels of gastrin and secretin were measured in experimental animals and in man following gastric surgery. Serum gastrin was higher in the fasting, and increased further after test meal in proximally gastrectomized subjects as compared in those receiving total gastrectomy and in normal controls. Serum secretin level, however, was unchanged before and after test meal irrespective to two surgical procedures. Dogs undergoing proximal gastrectomy showed increased output of bicarbonate and amylase as an exocrine pancreatic secretion after instillation of 0.1N HCl into the duodenum. Increased DNA synthesis was observed in the small intestine and pancreas in the proximally gastrectomized dogs. Therefore, higher level of serum gastrin may possess trophic activity in animals undergoing proximal gastrectomy. The findings obtained in this study suggest that we should select, if possible, the proximal gastrectomy leaving the antral region from the view point of trophic action of gastrointestinal hormones.
Animals↗
Physiologic significance of the residual stomach after proximal gastrectomy from the view-point of serum gastrin.
The physiological significance of the residual distal stomach after proximal gastrectomy (PG) was evaluated in dogs from the view-point of serum gastrin. The fasting gastrin levels in both (1/2 and 2/3) PG groups were high, especially in the 1/2 PG group. The serum gastrin levels did not decrease with time after test meal stimulation in both PG groups. This points to a disturbance of the short loop feedback mechanism in gastric secretion due to a reduction in gastric acid secretion. The elevated gastrin secretion after PG may be beneficial for postoperative digestion and absorption of food. Therefore, it is important when possible, to preserve the distal stomach of operated gastric cancer patients, and to select a reconstructive procedure which permits passage of food through the preserved distal stomach.
Animals↗
Synchronous and metachronous malignancies of the colon and rectum in Japan with special reference to a coexisting early cancer.
The authors reviewed the medical records of 1005 patients with multiple colorectal cancers (763 synchronous and 242 metachronous) to study the number and site of the tumors, their preoperative detectability, and the results of treatment. Concurrent advanced cancers were found in 35.1%, concurrent advanced and early cancers in 59.0%, and concurrent early cancers in 5.9% of patients with synchronous malignancy. In 60.1% of these patients, the existence of multiple lesions was diagnosed preoperatively; coexisting early cancers were often overlooked. In patients with metachronous malignancy, early cancers were less frequent than in patients with synchronous malignancy. The cumulative 5-year survival rate in curatively operated patients was 70.4% for synchronous malignancy and 66.5% for metachronous malignancy, similar to that for colon cancer in general.
Colonic Neoplasms↗
Nuclear DNA content in dimethylhydrazine-induced colonic carcinoma and mucosal dysplasia in rats.
Mucosal dysplasia and carcinoma infiltrating the submucosal layer were induced in rats with dimethylhydrazine. The nuclear DNA content of the cells was measured, and the correlation between the DNA distribution pattern and histopathologic findings was evaluated. In mild and moderate dysplasias, histograms of the nuclear DNA content showed a narrow range of distribution with a sharp peak in the diploid area. In severe dysplasia, however, there was wide distribution and no peak value; this was reminiscent of carcinoma. Based on the findings of this report, the authors suggest that severe dysplasia be regarded as intramucosal carcinoma.
Animals↗
Prognostic significance of intraperitoneal free cancer cells in gastric cancer patients.
We performed intraoperative peritoneal cytology in 171 gastric cancer patients undergoing curative surgery. Intraperitoneal free cancer cells were demonstrated in almost all patients in whom the area of serosal cancer invasion exceeded 15-20 cm2. In patients with both serosal cancer invasion and free cancer cells the 5-year survival rat was 13% as compared with 85% for patients who had neither, and 40% for patients who had serosal invasion but no free peritoneal cancer cells. Peritoneal metastasis was the most frequently observed recurrence pattern. Therefore, in gastric cancer patients with marked serosal invasion, intraoperative IP administration of cytocidal anticancer drugs should be considered.
Humans↗
Diagnostic significance of bile cytology in obstructive jaundice.
Cytological examination of exfoliated cells in the bile or irrigated fluid from a percutaneous transhepatic choledochal drainage (PTCD) tube and other jaundice-reducing fistula was performed in 59 patients with obstructive jaundice. Malignant cells were found in 22 of 27 patients with choledochal cancer, 50 of 17 patients with pancreatic cancer, 3 of 6 patients with gallbladder cancer, and one of 5 patients with other malignancies. Exfoliated malignant cells were found at a higher rate in the washed fluid of the PTCD tube than in the pure bile aspirated from the PTCD tube. Half of the positive cases were diagnosed as such upon the first cytological examination, and the remaining in second or subsequent cytological examinations. The cytological appearance of cells in the washed fluid or bile reflected the type of cancer cells found by touch-smear of the lesion and also the histological type. This method requires no special technique and facilitates accurate diagnosis in patients with malignant lesion of the choledochal duct.
Adult↗
Efficacy of endoprosthesis for internal biliary drainage in patients with nonresectable carcinoma of the proximal bile duct.
Surgical endoprosthesis as an internal biliary drainage was performed as a palliative treatment for 12 patients with a nonresectable carcinoma of the proximal bile ducts. In most of these patients jaundice was relieved, they were able to return to their homes, and their survival was substantially prolonged. The efficacy of this procedure was more favorable, compared to the results in patients in whom external drainage or cholangiojejunostomy was performed.
Aged↗
Circulating immune complexes in gastric cancer patients and their effect on lymphocyte mitogenesis (the first report).
Immune complexes (IC) were measured in 66 gastric cancer patients, using the 3.5 percent polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation method. Preoperatively, the IC values in patients with advanced gastric cancer (stages III and IV) were significantly higher than in normal subjects (p less than 0.01). In the presence of 3.5 percent PEG-precipitated IC from sera of gastric cancer patients, the mitogen responses of normal peripheral blood lymphocytes was inhibited; the PHA response revealed a significant negative correlation with the concentration of IC (p less than 0.01). Our data suggest that IC may be a major serum factor exerting immunosuppressive effect in cancer hosts.
Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
Alterations in levels of apolipoprotein C-III and C-II/C-III ratios in patients with liver disease.
Apolipoprotein (apo) C-III levels and relative proportions of apo C-II and apo C-III were determined in patients with liver disease in attempts to show the relationship between abnormalities in lipoprotein metabolism and liver function. The levels of apo C-III decreased in most patients with liver disease except cases with fatty liver or cholestasis. The levels of apo C-III correlated with some liver function parameters such as albumin but not with triglyceride concentrations. The C-II/C-III ratios were higher in patients with liver disease, a decrease in apo C-III-1 being most prominent. Estimation of the levels of apo C-II suggested that the C-II levels would not be impaired in most of patients with liver disease, despite a decrease in apo C-III levels.
Adult↗
A study on the separation of reconstituted proteoliposomes and unincorporated membrane proteins by use of hydrophobic affinity gels, with special reference to band 3 from bovine erythrocyte membranes.
Alkyl-Sepharose 4B with octyl, decyl, or dodecyl groups as an alkyl chain was a good adsorbent for any type of detergents and a variety of proteins, but not for phospholipids in a vesicle form. When these gels were added to the mixtures of reconstituted proteoliposomes prepared by using bovine band 3 and the protein unincorporated into liposomes, free band 3 in solution was adsorbed onto the gels and the proteoliposomes could be recovered by filtration, suggesting that this procedure, when applicable, permits a rapid isolation of proteoliposomes without loss and dilution of the sample. In addition, the results indicated that Bio-Beads SM-2 resin, which is virtually nonadsorbing for most proteins, can be used in removing any kind of detergents from those protein-detergent mixtures.
Adsorption↗
Proteolytic digestion of band 3 from bovine erythrocyte membranes in membrane-bound and solubilized states.
Bovine band 3 in membrane-bound and solubilized states was digested with chymotrypsin, trypsin, and papain. Bovine band 3 in red blood cells was fragmented by the proteases in a 5 mM NaH2PO4-Na2HPO4 buffer containing 0.3 M glucose, pH 8.0, but not in a 5 mM NaH2PO4-Na2HPO4 buffer containing 0.15 M NaCl, pH 8.0, in which human band 3 is cleaved by chymotrypsin and papain. When compared with the known data for human band 3, however, major fragments of bovine band 3 derived from intact cells, inside-out vesicles and unsealed ghosts were similar to those of human band 3, except that tryptic fragments were formed on the extracellular attack. The results suggest that bovine band 3 adopts a quite similar molecular arrangement in the membrane to in the human case. However, it was strongly suggested by molecular weight evaluation of fragments that the only detectable water-soluble 38,000-39,000 dalton fragment does not account for the entire hydrophilic pole of the band 3 molecule exposed in the cytoplasmic region of the membrane. When isolated band 3 was treated with the enzymes in a 2% solution of nonaethyleneglycol n-dodecyl ether, the major product was indistinguishable on sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel from the water-soluble fragment of the cytoplasmic domain origin of band 3. This fragment lost its resistance to further enzymatic degradation when treated with dimethylmaleic anhydride, thus band 3 oligomers were converted into their monomers. The chymotryptic 38,000 dalton water-soluble fragment obtained in nonaethyleneglycol n-dodecyl ether solution was a subfragment of a 50,000 dalton piece which was produced in a 2% solution of deoxycholate after chymotrypsin treatment of band 3.
Animals↗
Measurement of lung density in congestive heart failure by computed tomography.
The computed tomography (CT) number within the region of interest (ROI) was used as a parameter to assess lung density in patients with congestive heart failure. Thirty-eight patients with valvular heart disease (VHD) and 34 patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) were studied. Based on the New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification, 24 VHD patients were in class I or II (VHD I-II) and the other 14 were in NYHA class III or IV (VHD III-IV). Eighteen patients with IHD were in NYHA class I or II (IHD I-II) and 16 were in class III or IV (IHD III-IV). The CT number was measured bilaterally at the upper, middle and lower levels of the chest and compared with the corresponding values in 21 normal subjects (Group N). In a preliminary study on Group N, the CT numbers were insensitive to the size of the ROI, but were closely related to its location. In clinical applications, the mean values of the CT numbers in all six lung fields increased in the order of IHD I-II, to VHD I-II, IHD III-IV and VHD III-IV. Except for patients in IHD I-II, they were significantly larger than in Group N. The relationship between the CT number and the systolic and mean pulmonary arterial pressures and the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure were evaluated in 36 patients. Significant correlations were obtained in all six lung fields (r = 0.65-0.78, p less than 0.001). The results suggest that measurement of lung density by CT is useful for the quantitative evaluation of the severity of disease in patients with congestive heart failure.
Adult↗