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Biomedical subjects

S Inoue

Publications and source records attributed to S Inoue.

At least 1,441 records · Page 80Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Cholecystokinin, bombesin and neurotensin in brain tissue from obese animals.

The concentration of cholecystokinin (the octapeptide, CCK-8), bombesin, and neurotensin was measured by radioimmunoassay in the cortex, hypothalamus and diencephalon of brains from lean, genetically obese and hypothalamic (VMH) obese rodents. Highest concentration of CCK-8 was found in the cortex whereas highest concentrations of bombesin and neurotensin were in the hypothalamus. When food was provided ad libitum, there was no difference in concentration of any of these peptides between lean and the respective genetically obese mice (ob/ob) and fatty (fa/fa) rats, or between lean and hypothalamic (VMH lesioned) obese rats. Adrenalectomy, which arrested the progression of obesity in both ob/ob and fatty rats, did not result in significant change in concentration of any of the three peptides studied in comparison with the respective sham-operated animals. Though significant differences in cholecystokinin and bombesin concentrations were detectable in some instances between adrenalectomized lean and adrenalectomized obese rats, these differences did not appear to be related to fall in food intake or slowing of body weight gain. Thus a variety of manipulations which altered the nutritional plane of the experimental rodents was not accompanied by significant changes in brain concentrations of cholecystokinin, bombesin or neurotensin.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1984

[Etoposide effect on cell cycle kinetics of a human lung cancer cell line].

The lethal and kinetic effects of Etoposide on a cell line of human small cell carcinoma of the lung (PC-6) were analyzed in vitro using flow cytometric measurement of DNA content. The drug effect is dependent on concentration and exposure time. When PC-6 cells were exposed to Etoposide for 1 hour then washed, a increase of cells in G2 phase was observed followed by prompt recovery. Continuous treatment with Etoposide for 24 hours caused a retardation of S phase transit, and high concentrations (greater than 10 micrograms/ml) resulted in stoppage of the whole cell cycle. This drug may be useful in combination chemotherapy regimens.

Cell Count↗
PubMed1984

[Study for lateralization of hemispheric cerebral blood flow by argon method with catheterization into the bilateral internal jugular bulbs].

Only 24 patients with chronic ischemic cerebrovascular lesions, which had been lateralized to either hemisphere of the cerebrum, were analyzed by argon desaturation method measuring bilateral hemispheric blood flows. Their ages varied from 10 to 72 years with a mean of 49 years. Fifteen patients (62.5%) had localized ischemic lesions in the left cerebral hemispheres and remaining 9 patients (37.5%) had in the right hemispheres. The clinical symptom of each patient was lateralized due to localized ischemic focus. Bilateral transfemoral catheterization of the internal jugular bulbs was successfully performed. Each hemispheric blood flow was calculated by argon desaturation method using mass spectrometry based on Fick's principle. Half of the patients, 12 cases revealed lateralization over 20% significant differences of its values. 8 patients (66.7%) were reduced significantly in the left hemispheres and 4 patients were contralaterally. Finally 9 patients revealed that CBF values at the affected side was significantly reduced with no anatomical differences among sinus systems. It is probably that CBF value at the affected side reflects its ischemic lesion more than that at the non-affected side. Several authors reported no predominant lateralization between bilateral sinus draining systems. Based on possibility of "laminar flow" in the confluence, CBF value at the affected side is more important. So further investigations are needed for the future.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Use of inorganic salts to minimize serum interference in a sandwich enzyme immunoassay for human growth hormone using Fab'-horseradish peroxidase conjugate.

In a sandwich enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for human growth hormone (hGH) with anti-hGH Fab'-peroxidase conjugate, the effects of inorganic salts on serum interference were examined, and serum interference was eliminated by incubation of serum samples with anti-hGH IgG-coated polystyrene balls in the presence of 0.4 mol/l NaCl, avoiding the need for hGH-free serum. The sensitivity for hGH was 60 fg/tube or 3 ng/l of serum. No cross-reaction was observed with prolactin, chorionic gonadotropin or luteinizing, thyroid-stimulating and follicle-stimulating hormones. The coefficients of within-assay and between-assay variations were 2.8-6.5% and 4.8-8.7%, respectively. The regression equation and correlation coefficient to radioimmunoassay (RIA) were y(EIA) = 0.89x(RIA) + 0.11 and 0.98 (n = 100), respectively. hGH levels in normal male and female adult serum taken between 9:00 and 10:00 a.m. after overnight fasting and 1 h rest were 312 ng/l (range 53-940 ng/l; n = 10) and 662 ng/l (112-2195 ng/l; n = 13), respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Picomole analyses of tryptophan by derivatization to 9-hydroxymethyl-beta-carboline.

A new method specific for the determination of subpicomole quantities of tryptophan has been developed by elaboration of the Pictet-Spengler reaction. It permitted reproducible quantitation of tryptophan in less than 1 microliter of plasma ultrafiltrate or 1 mg of brain tissue. Samples deproteinized by trichloroacetic acid were boiled for 15 min with formaldehyde and potassium ferricyanide at controlled acidity, where tryptophan was converted to a single new product identified as 9-hydroxymethyl-beta-carboline. It was quantitated by either direct spectrofluorometry or a reversed-phase HPLC system developed for beta-carbolines. Under our conditions, peptides containing N-terminal tryptophan such as Trp-Leu and delta sleep-inducing peptide gave N-(9-hydroxymethyl-beta-carboline-3-carbonyl) peptides which retained all amino acid residues except tryptophan.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

The mechanism of toxicity of 5-S-cysteinyldopa to tumour cells. Hydrogen peroxide as a mediator of cytotoxicity.

5-S-Cysteinyldopa, a melanin precursor, has been shown to possess selective toxicity to tumour cells in vitro and in vivo. The mechanism of cytotoxicity of the catechol was studied in comparison with L-dopa and 5-S-cysteaminyldopamine. Growth inhibition of human neuroblastoma cell line of YT-nu by 5-S-cysteinyldopa was completely depressed by addition of catalase. Superoxide dismutase and five drugs thought to scavenge hydroxyl radicals or quench singlet oxygen had little effect on the cytotoxicity. Hydrogen peroxide itself was also cytotoxic at low concns. These results indicated that hydrogen peroxide was a mediator of the cytotoxicity of 5-S-cysteinyldopa. It is suggested that reaction of the catechol with cellular superoxide radicals contributes to the production of hydrogen peroxide in addition to autoxidation. Catalase reduced the cytotoxicity of L-dopa by half, while it had no inhibitory effect on the strong cytotoxicity of 5-S-cysteaminyldopamine.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

A novel neutral oligosaccharide chain found in polysialoglycoproteins isolated from Pacific salmon eggs. Structural studies by secondary ion mass spectrometry, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and chemical methods.

A novel carbohydrate chain possessing a hitherto unknown disaccharide unit, alpha-L-Fuc leads to D-GalNAc, has been isolated from salmon egg polysialoglycoproteins on alkali-borohydride treatment. Salmon egg polysialoglycoproteins contain O-glycosidically linked neutral pentasaccharide chains in addition to a number of oligosialosyl group containing sugar chains. Composition analysis of the neutral pentasaccharide gave fucose, galactose, 2-acetamido-2-deoxygalactose, and 2-acetamido-2-deoxygalactitol in a molar ratio of 1:2:1:1. The structure was determined to be alpha-L-Fuc(1 leads to 3)-beta-D-GalNAc-(1 leads to 3)-beta-D-Gal(1 leads to 4)-beta-D-Gal(1 leads to 3)-D-GalNAcol by the following three major procedures: First, the sequential order of the constitutional monosaccharides was determined by secondary ion mass spectrometry before and after permethylation. Second, linkages were established by methylation analysis and Smith degradation and hydrazinolysis-nitrous deamination studies. Third, anomeric configuration of the glycosidic linkages involved was deduced from 270-MHz proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Changes in polyamine content during limb regeneration in adult Xenopus laevis.

Polyamine contents in the regenerates were determined at various stages after amputation of the forelimbs of the adult female Xenopus laevis. Putrescine, spermidine, spermine, and sym-homospermidine were detected in all the specimens examined. Cadaverine was detected only in a limited number of samples. At 5 days after amputation of forelimbs, well before the formation of regenerates, the putrescine content in the stump tissues increased, followed by the increase in spermidine content. The putrescine level in the forelimb regenerates was highest between 30 and 50 days after amputation, and then decreased. The spermidine concentration in the regenerates was about 20 times greater than that in intact forelimbs all throughout the experiments. The concentration of spermine was initially lower than that of both putrescine and spermidine and further decreased soon after amputation. The concentration of sym-homospermidine was originally very low and increased slightly during regeneration. The significance of these results, with respect to the function of polyamines in forelimb regeneration of Xenopus laevis, is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Plasma amino acid levels in hyperosmolar nonketotic diabetic coma.

The plasma amino acid levels in five patients with hyperosmolar nonketotic diabetic coma and in seven normal subjects were analysed. In the patients with hyperosmolar nonketotic diabetic coma, total amino acids were generally low, especially, the concentrations and the molar ratios of arginine, taurine and serine were significantly low, and ornithine decreased only at the concentration. The level of phenylalanine increased both at the concentration and the molar ratio, and tyrosine did only at the molar ratio. The significance of such changes in the plasma is discussed in relation to diabetic ketoacidosis or lactic acidosis.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1983

Phenotypic change of acute monocytic leukemia to acute lymphoblastic leukemia on therapy.

Acute nonlymphocytic leukemias comprise most of the therapy-linked leukemias in cancer patients. We report here the unusual occurrence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in a patient while on therapy for acute monocytic leukemia. The morphologic and histochemical studies were distinctly different between the initial presentation and the subsequent "relapse". At "relapse," the Philadelphia chromosome was not present, ruling out chronic myelogenous leukemia presenting in two morphologically different blastic phases. Cytogenetic and histochemical studies both at original presentation and at the time of relapse would be helpful in establishing the occurrence of a new leukemia.

Child↗
PubMed1983

In vitro antibacterial properties of AT-2266, a new pyridonecarboxylic acid.

AT-2266, 1-ethyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(1-piperazinyl)-1,8-naphthyridine-3 -carboxylic acid, is a new pyridonecarboxylic acid derivative with broad and potent antibacterial activity. It inhibited some gram-positive bacteria, such as staphylococci and Bacillus subtilis, and most gram-negative bacteria, including Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Haemophilus influenzae, and Campylobacter jejuni, at concentrations of 0.1 to 0.78 microgram/ml, and most gram-positive bacteria, glucose-nonfermenters, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae at concentrations of 1.56 to 12.5 micrograms/ml. Most of the clinical isolates tested were as susceptible to AT-2266 as were laboratory strains. The antibacterial potency of AT-2266 was higher than those of pipemidic acid and nalidixic acid and similar to that of norfloxacin. AT-2266 was not cross-resistant with antibiotics and inhibited most highly nalidixic acid-resistant bacteria at concentrations of 1.56 to 3.13 micrograms/ml. Its activity was barely affected by the addition of horse serum or sodium cholate but weakened by lowering the medium pH or increasing the inoculum size. AT-2266 was bactericidal at concentrations near its minimal inhibitory concentrations. Frequencies of mutants resistant to 10 micrograms of AT-2266 per ml were lower than 4.0 x 10(-9).

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1983

Reciprocal changes in gluconeogenic enzyme activity in liver and kidney by VMH lesion.

The effects of bilateral lesions of the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) on daily rhythms of the activity of a gluconeogenic enzyme, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), in the liver and kidney of rats were examined. PEPCK activity in the liver was considerably lowered by VMH lesions, but its rhythm remained similar to that of control liver. In contrast, PEPCK activity in the kidney was markedly elevated by the lesions. From these findings, it is suggested that the VMH is not the site of the master biological clock of the rhythm of PEPCK activity. Although these results do not exclude the possibility that hyperphagia and hyperinsulinemia associated with VMH lesions induce changes in the levels of PEPCK activities, they support the hypothesis that suppression of the sympathetic nervous system causes the changes in PEPCK activity through direct or indirect mechanisms. These findings also suggest that the reciprocal change in PEPCK activities in the liver and kidney after VMH lesions is related to complementary functions of the two organs in maintenance of homeostasis of blood glucose.

Animals↗