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Biomedical subjects

S Inoue

Publications and source records attributed to S Inoue.

At least 1,405 records · Page 78Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Fine structure of the glomerular basement membrane and immunolocalization of five basement membrane components to the lamina densa (basal lamina) and its extensions in both glomeruli and tubules of the rat kidney.

Electron microscopic immunostaining was used to examine the localization of type IV collagen, laminin, entactin , heparan sulfate proteoglycan, and fibronectin within the basement membranes of the rat kidney. In preliminary experiments, various methods of processing formaldehyde-fixed kidney were compared using antilaminin antiserum and the indirect immunoperoxidase method. Little or no laminin immunostaining of the glomerular basement membrane was present in sections unless they had been frozen-thawed; and even in this case, the immunostaining was light in comparison to that of basement membranes in adjacent tubules. However, when frozen-thawed sections were treated with 0.5% sodium borohydride, immunostaining was then as strong in glomerular as in tubular basement membranes. Accordingly, this treatment was applied to frozen-thawed sections before immunostaining for any of the substances under study. Immunostaining of the glomerular basement membrane for each of the five substances was fairly uniform throughout the lamina densa (also called basal lamina), but uneven in the lamina lucida interna and externa (also called lamina rara interna and externa) in which stained bands extended from the lamina densa. Similarly in the basement membranes of tubules, immunostaining for the five substances was localized to the lamina densa and bands extending into the lamina lucida. When the ultrastructure of the glomerular basement membrane was examined, three structures were found: (1) a network of 4-nm-thick "cords," which seems to be the main component; the cords are closely packed in the lamina densa and more loosely arranged in the lamina lucida interna and externa; (2) straight, hollow 7-10-nm-thick structures referred to as " basotubules "; and (3) 3.5-nm elements composed of minute paired rods, referred to as "double pegs." The distribution of the cords, but not that of the other two structures, was related to the immunostaining pattern. It is concluded that (1) to fully reveal the antigenicity of the glomerular basement membrane, frozen-thawed sections must be treated with sodium borohydride prior to immunostaining, possibly because this basement membrane is more compact than the others; and (2) in both glomerular and tubular basement membranes, type IV collagen, laminin, entactin , heparan sulfate proteoglycan and fibronectin are colocalized in the lamina densa and its extensions to the laminae lucidae . Since the distribution of the cords corresponds to that of immunostaining, it is likely that the five substances are present within the cords.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Endocrine studies on ovarian androblastomas (Sertoli-Leydig tumors).

Endocrine studies were made on 4 women with ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors of varying degrees of differentiation. Clinically, all 4 patients showed evidence of increased androgen production, manifested by either hirsutism or virilization. The calculated ratios of steroid hormones between the affected ovarian venous values and peripheral values for testosterone (T), androstenedione (A), and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in 3 patients, were 1.4-18.6, 4.2-24.4, and 3.7-10.0, respectively. The peripheral levels of the hormones before salpingo-oophorectomy in all the patients were T: 0.97-45.0 ng/ml; A: 2.92-114.0 ng/ml; and DHEA: 13.0-20.9 ng/ml. In the 3 juvenile patients, elevated basal levels of LH and normal or subnormal levels of FSH (high LH:FSH ratio) were found. In a 12-year-old patient with 1,900 g tumor composed predominantly of Sertoli cells with lipid storage, the peripheral serum levels of T and estradiol (E2) were 114 ng/ml and 1890 pg/ml, respectively. The present data suggest that: 1) androblastomas have a biosynthetic capacity for androgen, estrogen, or both in which both the delta 5 and delta 4 pathways are involved, and 2) little correlation exists between the endocrine function and cellular composition of the tumors or their degree of differentiation.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1984

Serial serum determination on alpha-fetoprotein as a marker of the effect of postoperative chemotherapy in ovarian endodermal sinus tumor.

Serial serum determinations of alpha-fetoprotein (alpha FP) as a tumor marker were carried out in the management of six patients with endodermal sinus tumor (EST). Histological examinations in all six patients revealed a typical EST pattern, and in one of them another germ cell tumor, a malignant teratoma, was also found. All patients were treated postoperatively with combination chemotherapy. The serum alpha FP concentrations before treatment, using radioimmunoassay, were abnormally high and ranged from 2500 to 100,000 ng/ml. One patient having Stage Ia neoplasm is living at 50 months after diagnosis with a normal alpha FP concentration and without clinical evidence of recurrence. The other five patients with Stage III disease died from 4 to 9 months after surgery, respectively, although the serum alpha FP in all these cases during chemotherapy decreased markedly but temporarily to a normal level (less than 20 ng/ml) or to 3000 ng/ml and was paralleled by a certain improvement in the conditions of the disease. These results suggest that serial serum determination of alpha FP may be useful as a marker and prognostic indicator of endodermal sinus tumor.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Effects of ventromedial hypothalamic lesions on circadian rhythms in serum insulin, glucose, triglyceride and food intake in rats.

The effects of ventromedial hypothalamic (VMH) lesions on the circadian periodicity of serum insulin, glucose, triglyceride and food intake were studied in rats. The rhythms of serum insulin, glucose and triglyceride did not persist in VMH lesioned rats. The glucose level during the light period was reduced. The triglyceride and insulin levels were elevated. The VMH lesions markedly increased food intake during the later half part of the light cycle but kept it significantly less during the first half part. Thus, the VMH lesions abolished the circadian rhythmicity of serum insulin, glucose and triglyceride and attenuated the rhythmicity of eating through increase in daytime consumption.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Plasma responses of pancreatic polypeptide, glucagon and insulin in normal and alloxan diabetic dogs, and their regional levels in the pancreas.

The plasma responses of pancreatic polypeptide (PP), glucagon (IRG) and insulin (IRI) after administration of beef soup were studied in normal and alloxan diabetic dogs kept in a poor metabolic state for 4 weeks, and their regional levels in the pancreas were determined and compared at the uncinate process, head, body and tail. The plasma PP levels of the diabetic dogs were significantly higher than those of the normal dogs and they increased after beef soup administration in both groups. The plasma IRG levels did not change significantly after beef soup administration in either group, but significantly high levels were found in the diabetic dogs. The IRI content in the normal dog pancreas was highest at the tail, followed in order by the body, head and uncinate process, and was decreased to about one-tenth to one-fortieth in the alloxan diabetic dogs. On the other hand, the amounts of PP in the pancreas of both normal and diabetic dogs were greatest at the uncinate process, followed in order by the head, body and tail. In an inverse relationship with the PP findings, the IRG content in the pancreas was highest at the tail and lowest at the uncinate process in both kinds of dogs. The differences in both PP and IRG between diabetic and normal dogs were generally not significant. These results show that irrespective of the high plasma levels of PP and IRG in the diabetic dogs, their levels in the pancreas did not change significantly.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Clinical studies of sulbactam/cefoperazone in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

Sulbactam (SBT), a new beta-lactamase inhibitor, in combination with cefoperazone (CPZ) was studied for the clinical evaluation in the field of obstetrics and gynecology. SBT/CPZ was given to 6 cases with the following infections; 4 of pyometra, 1 of Douglas-abscess and 1 of pelvic cellulitis. Five cases were old patients accompanied by cancers, and 2 cases were refractory to other antibiotics therapy. The clinical efficacy was excellent in 1 case, good in 3 cases, poor in 2 cases. No side effects nor abnormal laboratory findings associate with the agent were observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Endocrine profile and electron microscopic study of ovarian androblastoma].

The endocrine profile of a 23-year-old woman with an androblastoma of the right ovary and the results of electron microscopic observation of the tumor are presented. The calculated ratio of testosterone in testosterone intraoperative peripheral vein blood, right ovarian vein blood, and right ovarian tumor fluid was 1:1.4:4.0. The peripheral levels of hormones before right salpingo-oophorectomy were testosterone, 6.26 ng/ml; dehydroepiandrosterone, 17.80 ng/ml; androstenedione, 1.61 ng/ml; and cortisol, 16.5 micrograms/ml, and the corresponding levels at 14 days after surgery were 0.50 ng/ml; 13.80 ng/ml; 1.27 ng/ml; and 15.2 micrograms/ml, respectively. The tumor was responsive to hCG, resulting in a marked increase in the serum concentrations of testosterone, androstenedione, and dehydroepiandrosterone (3.7 times, 5.3 times, and 2.4 times, respectively). Preoperatively, an elevated basal level of luteinizing hormone (LH) and a normal basal level of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (high LH:FSH ratio, 6.6) were found. The electron microscopic findings for the tumor revealed Leydig cells, Sertoli cells, transitional cells with features of both Sertoli cells and Leydig cells, and dark cells. The dark cells had features similar to dark cells of normal ovarian stroma.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Fundamental study on tissue distribution of ceftriaxone in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

Fundamental study on tissue distribution of ceftriaxone (Ro 13-9904, CTRX), a new cephalosporin parenteral antibiotic, was studied and the following results were obtained. CTRX had been administered by intravenous drip infusion with 1 g to 9 cases who received simple total hysterectomy. The level of CTRX in the cubital venous serum and uterine arterial serum was determined as well as the tissue concentration in the oviduct, ovary, endometrium, myometrium, cervix uteri and portio vaginalis. The level in the oviduct and portio vaginalis was generally high, although it was observed only in a few cases. The variation of the level in the myometrium was large. CTRX is expected to be clinically useful considering the fact that its half-life time is 8.5 hours, which is longer than that of existing cephalosporin antibiotics.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Shift of metabolism in rats with ventromedial hypothalamic lesions with respect to changes in daily rhythms of enzyme activity.

Metabolic alterations in ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)-lesioned rats were investigated by examining daily changes of enzyme activities and urea concentrations three weeks after the operation. VMH-lesions in female adult rats caused a significant elevation in the activity of acetyl-CoA carboxylase in the liver and parametrial adipose tissue. These changes suggest an increased lipogenesis. VMH-lesions also elicited an increase in activities of glucokinase (GK), pyruvate kinase (PK) and fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase), and a decrease in activities of phosphofructokinase (PFK), glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) in the liver. The apparently inconsistent changes in activities of key glycolytic enzymes, GK, PK and PFK, and key gluconeogenic enzymes, G6Pase, PEPCK and FBPase in the liver may be explained by the fact that they were favorable for glucose oxidation through pentose phosphate cycle and provide NADPH for lipogenesis in the liver. Furthermore, VMH-lesions induced an increase in urea contents of the liver and serum, and elicited an increase in activity of liver tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT) and a decrease in activity of liver histidase. These changes suggest an accelerated amino acid and protein catabolism, and favor an increment in the supply of the substrate for lipogenesis. Daily rhythms of TAT, histidase activities and serum urea concentration observed in the control rats were abolished by VMH-lesions. These findings suggest that VMH-lesions elicit the loss of these daily rhythms, probably through the disturbance of the circadian rhythm of feeding behavior at this dynamic phase (three weeks after operation) of obesity.

Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase↗
PubMed1984

Type of collagen in chordoma.

Pepsin-soluble collagen was extracted from three histologically proven cases of chordoma and nucleus pulposus. The collagen types of these materials were investigated by differential salting-out, SDS-PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) of native collagen and their CNBr (cyanogen bromide) cleaved peptides, and their amino acid compositions. Although the collagen of nucleus pulposus was type II, that of chordoma was largely type I. Collagen of notochord, the origin of nucleus pulposus, is known to be type II. Further investigation is necessary in view of the fact that collagen of chordoma, a tumor believed to be derived from notochord, is not type II.

Aged↗