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Biomedical subjects

S Hatakeyama

Publications and source records attributed to S Hatakeyama.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Gastrointestinal amyloid deposition in AL (primary or myeloma-associated) and AA (secondary) amyloidosis: diagnostic value of gastric biopsy.

Gastrointestinal amyloid deposition was investigated in 21 autopsy cases of nonhereditary systemic amyloidosis, 18 of the AL (primary or myeloma-associated) type and three of the AA (secondary) type. Vascular deposition of amyloid, most apparent in the submucosa, was found in all cases. Parenchymal deposition was observed mainly in the muscularis mucosae and muscularis externa in the AL type, and in the lamina propria mucosae in the AA type. Comparison of amyloid deposition in the stomach and rectum revealed no differences for the AA type. In the AL type, however, deposition in the lamina propria mucosae and muscularis mucosae was more frequent and marked in the wall of the stomach than in the rectum. Thus, gastric biopsy would be more valuable than rectal biopsy in the diagnosis of AL amyloidosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Glycogen storage disease confined to the heart with deficient activity of cardiac phosphorylase kinase: a new type of glycogen storage disease.

The case of a male infant with marked deposition of glycogen, confined to the heart, is presented. Clinically, prominent cardiomegaly had been evident from immediately after birth until the infant's death due to heart failure. There were no significant clinical manifestations in other organs, including liver and skeletal muscle, during the clinical course. Autopsy revealed abnormal deposition of normally structured glycogen in the heart, but no deposition in the liver, skeletal muscle, or other systemic organs. This unusual pattern of glycogen deposition was also confirmed by measurement of the glycogen content of each organ. This is the first report of glycogen storage disease confined to the heart. Enzymatic analysis revealed no decrease in the activities of acid maltase, amylo-1,6-glucosidase, and phosphorylase in the heart or in the liver or skeletal muscle. However, phosphorylase kinase activity was not detectable in the heart, although high activity levels were observed in the liver and skeletal muscle. In this case the inborn error of metabolism responsible for the isolated deposition of glycogen in heart muscle may have been due to a deficiency of cardiac phosphorylase kinase.

Cardiomyopathies↗
PubMed1985

Solitary neurofibroma of the esophagus.

A rare case of solitary neurofibroma located in the esophagus is reported. A large (4.2 X 4.0 X 3.0 cm) submucosal tumor was surgically removed from the midportion of the esophagus of a 64-year-old woman. Light and electron microscopic examination, and immunohistochemistry of S-100 protein in the tumor tissue confirmed neurofibroma. The patient had no evidence of von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis. A review of literature failed to find other reports of solitary neurofibroma of the esophagus with reliable histological diagnosis.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1984

Vascular changes of methotrexate-related disseminated necrotizing leukoencephalopathy.

We investigated cerebral lesions of methotrexate (MTX)-related disseminated necrotizing leukoencephalopathy (DNL) in two autopsy cases of leukemia by the reconstruction technique of the serial sections and thick sections (700-800 microns) stained with silver impregnation to detect the topographic relation between the vascular changes and parenchymal lesions. We revealed the vascular changes, such as fibrinoid degeneration, hyalinized thickening of the vascular wall, dilatation of lumen and stenosis due to swelling of the endothelial cells and exsudation in the wall, particularly prominent in venules and capillaries of venous side in the territory of the superficial medullary veins. There were no remarkable changes in the arteries, except for the moderate endothelial swelling of arteriolar capillaries. The parenchymal lesions were topographically associated with these vascular changes, and the small necrotic foci confluented each other and formed large irregular necrotic foci. We considered that the DNL may be ascribed to dyshoric damage of the veins and capillaries of the venous side and that the mechanism of vascular injury was probably due to the prolonged direct action of intrathecal MTX on the vessels.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Age-related change of distribution of immunoglobulin containing cells in human bone marrow. Changes in patients with benign monoclonal gammopathy and multiple myeloma.

The number and mode of distribution of immunoglobulin containing cells in human bone marrow were investigated immunohistochemically using paraffin sections of bone marrow aspirates. In individuals without specific diseases, the number of immunoglobulin containing cells per unit field in bone marrow increased with advancing age until the 3rd decade and leveled off thereafter. The magnitude of the increase was great for Ig-G and Ig-A, but very slight for Ig-M. Such age-related change in the number of Ig-G and Ig-M containing cells in bone marrow was almost comparable to the age-related change of serum level of Ig-G and Ig-M. However, the magnitude of age-related increase of Ig-A containing cells in bone marrow was apparently higher than that of the serum level of Ig-A. Cluster formation of immunoglobulin containing cells increased with age in terms of both incidence and size. Three points were suggested for differentiation of benign monoclonal gammopathy (BMG) from multiple myeloma (MM). First, the ratio of serum level of M-component divided by the average number of immunoglobulin containing cells per unit field was higher in BMG than in MM; second, the number of cells per cluster of immunoglobulin containing cells was more than 50 in MM, but that in BMG less than 20; third, the small immunoglobulin containing cells with narrow cytoplasm were more prominent in MM than in BMG.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

An autopsy case of acute porphyria with a decrease of both uroporphyrinogen I synthetase and ferrochelatase activities.

An autopsy case of a 37-year-old woman with acute porphyria is reported. The patient began to complain of severe menstrual pains, and later developed serious peripheral neuropathy and various autonomic nervous symptoms. The autopsy revealed a marked loss and degeneration of axons and myelin sheaths in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), and prominent central chromatolysis of the spinal anterior horn cells. The predominant process of the peripheral neuropathy appeared to be axonal degeneration. Biochemical analysis showed a marked increase of delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), porphobilinogen, uroporphyrin, and coproporphyrin in the urine, and an increase of coproporphyrin and protoporphyrin in the stools and blood. In the analysis of the enzymatic activities of the liver and bone narrow, the activity of ALA synthetase (ALA-S) was markedly increased, and the activities of both uroporphyrinogen I synthetase (URO-S) and ferrochelatase were decreased. It was characteristic in this case that the enzymatic abnormalities found in both acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) and variegate porphyria (VP) coexisted. Biochemical analysis of the sciatic nerve showed an increase of ALA-S activity and a decrease of both URO-S and ALA dehydrase activities. This was the first report that indicated the presence of abnormal activities of the heme biosynthetic enzymes in the peripheral nerves of porphyric patients. The possibility was discussed that these enzymatic abnormalities of the heme biosynthesis in the peripheral nerve itself might be strongly related to the pathogenesis of the porphyric neuropathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

A combination of necrosis of autologous thyroid gland and injection of lipopolysaccharide induces autoimmune thyroiditis.

Autoimmune thyroiditis was induced in CBA/J female mice by a newly developed method consisting of intraperitoneal implantation of one whole syngeneic thyroid gland with subsequent intravenous injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The best timing for intravenous injection of LPS after intraperitoneal implantation of the thyroid tissue was 6 hr. Intraperitoneal injection of serum (but not spleen cells) taken from the mice which received implantation of one whole syngeneic thyroid gland alone, with simultaneous intravenous injection of LPS, induced autoimmune thyroiditis in the normal syngeneic mice. Furthermore, intraperitoneal injection of the medium in which one whole syngeneic thyroid gland was incubated at 37 degrees C for 10 hr, with simultaneous intravenous injection of LPS, also induced autoimmune thyroiditis in the normal syngeneic mice. Instead of intraperitoneal implantation of one whole syngeneic thyroid gland, implantation of either one lobe of autologous thyroid under the capsule of the kidney, with subsequent intravenous injection of LPS induced autoimmune thyroiditis in both intact and implanted thyroids. It is suggested that combined effects of leakage of tissue antigen originating from the necrotized tissue into the circulation and polyclonal activation by subsequent injection of LPS induced an autoimmune response.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Peripheral and autonomic nerve lesions in systemic amyloidosis. Three pathological types of amyloid polyneuropathy.

Twenty autopsy cases of systemic amyloidosis, consisting of 10 cases of primary systemic amyloidosis, 6 cases of myeloma-associated amyloidosis, 2 cases of secondary amyloidosis, and 2 cases of hereditary amyloidosis, were studied clinically and pathologically with special reference to peripheral and autonomic neuropathy. The peripheral nerves of 8 cases with clinical manifestations of polyneuropathy showed deposition of amyloid in the endoneurium, capillaries within the nerve fascicles, perineurium, and epineurium with a loss and degeneration of the nerve fibers. In the peripheral nerve lesions of these cases, there appeared to be three types: I. Endoneurial deposition of amyloid--loss of unmyelinated and small myelinated fibers, II. vessel wall deposition of amyloid in the vasa nervorum--loss of large myelinated fibers; and III. a mixed type of I and II. While the peripheral nerves of 12 cases without neuropathy mainly showed deposition of amyloid in the epineurium and perineurium with well preserved nerve fibers. The possibility was considered that the pathogenesis and variety of peripheral and autonomic nerve lesions might be related to the various molecular features of amyloid proteins or their precursors in systemic amyloidosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Histopathological and morphometrical study of the human epididymis and testis.

Histopathological and morphometrical observations of the epididymis and testis were performed on 159 autopsy cases and 3 surgical materials of orchiectomy. The serum values of testosterone, FSH, LH, and values of intratesticular testosterone were measured in a certain number of the cases. Concerning the epididymis, increasing arteriosclerotic change was observed in the older epididymis. A high incidence of hyalinization of small arteries and arterioles was found in the younger epididymis. Eosinophilic microbodies were seen in the epithelial nuclei of the ductus epididymidis with high incidence in the older age groups. They were thought to be a catabolic compound containing phospholipids and protein resulting from cell degeneration of the mucosal epithelium. The diameter of the ductus epididymidis decreased with age. Inflammatory changes and ensued periductal sclerosis were found in the efferent duct area with an extremely high incidence. Serum values of testosterone correlated with both the age and morphological scoring calculated on the basis of either clusters or individual Leydig cells. Furthermore, testicular volume was inversely correlated with age.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

A radiation detector fabricated from silicon photodiode.

A silicon photodiode is converted to a low energy charged particle radiation detector. The window thickness of the fabricated detector is evaluated to be 50 micrograms/cm2. The area of the depletion region is 13.2 mm2 and the depth of it is estimated to be about 100 microns. The energy resolution (FWHM) is 14.5 ke V for alpha-particles from 241Am and 2.5 ke V for conversion electrons from 109Cd, respectively.

Alpha Particles↗
PubMed1983

[P-type silicon surface barrier detector used for X-ray dosimetry].

Responses to X-rays of a P-type surface barrier detector fabricated in our laboratory were studied, taking into consideration the dependence on the temperature in order to examine its applicability to dosimetry of short-range radiation. The study was also made in the case of N-type surface barrier detector. At room temperature, the short-circuit current increased linearly with exposure dose rate (15-50 R/min) for N- and P-type detectors. The open-circuit voltage showed a nonlinear dependence. With increasing temperature, the short-circuit current for the N-type detector was approximately constant up to 30 degrees C and then decreased, though the open-circuit voltage decreased linearly. For the P-type detector, both open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current decreased almost linearly with increasing temperature. While a P-type detector is still open to some improvements, these results indicate that it can be used as a dosimeter.

Radiometry↗
PubMed1983

The difference of susceptibility of target thyroid gland to autoimmune thyroiditis induced by a combination of implantation of thyroid gland and injection of lipopolysaccharide.

Autoimmune thyroiditis was induced in CBA/J mice by a newly developed method consisting of a combination of implantation of one whole syngeneic thyroid gland under the capsule of the kidney and subsequent injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) intravenously 6 hr after implantation. This procedure was repeated once, a week later. With this method the implanted thyroid gland, after becoming necrotic due to circulatory disturbance and regenerating, also developed definite thyroiditis, quite similar to that of the intact thyroid gland on Day 49. With respect to the H-2 haplotype of the mice, both intact and implanted thyroid glands of CBA/J (H-2k) and C3H/He (H-2k) mice showed severe thyroiditis, whereas those of BALB/c (H-2d) and C57BL/6 (H-2b) mice developed mild inflammation. With a combination of implantation of thyroid glands derived from parental good (CBA/J) or poor responder (BALB/c) mice and subsequent injection of LPS into (good X poor responder) (CBA/J X BALB/c)F1 hybrid mice, it was found that the genetic background of the target thyroid tissue itself has a strong influence on susceptibility.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Long-lasting impairment of immune and endocrine systems of offspring induced by injection of dexamethasone into pregnant mice.

Dexamethasone was injected daily (2.5 and 5 micrograms/day) into pregnant mice from the 8th gestational day until delivery, and their offspring were examined in terms of body weight, organ histopathology, immunological function, and serum hormone level. Two different postnatal patterns were observed among the treated offspring: one pattern showing a wasting appearance and death within 1 week, and the other showing retardation of growth without any wasting appearance. In the latter, the offspring showed an immunologically impaired antibody-forming capacity to T-cell-dependent antigen (SRBC) and cell-mediated cytolytic T-cell activity. Histologically, the lymphoid tissues, thyroid, and adrenals of these offspring are atrophied and their serum thyroxine (T4) levels were significantly reduced. These results suggest that intrauterine exposure of the fetus to dexamethasone can disrupt the normal development and function of endocrine and immune organs which can lead to early death or retardation of growth after birth.

Animals↗