New operative technique for ileal conduit: purse-string suture of proximal end of isolated ileal segment.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
S Hara
Publications and source records attributed to S Hara.
The structure of Bowman-Birk type protease inhibitor A-II from peanut (Arachis hypogaea) at 3.3 A resolution.
The structure of Bowman-Birk type protease inhibitor (A-II from peanut) is described at 3.3 A resolution. The molecules form a tetramer with 222 local symmetry in our crystals. Each monomer has an elongated shape with approximate dimensions of 45 X 15 X 15 A and consists of two distinct domains. The three-dimensional structures of the two domains are similar and are related by the intramolecular approximate twofold rotation axis. The two independent protease binding sites protrude from the molecular body on opposite sides. A scheme for the molecular evolution of the double-headed Bowman-Birk type protease inhibitors is proposed, based on the three-dimensional structure.
Arachis↗
[Changes in the cell cycle and RNA content of cultured cancer cells treated with actinomycin D].
For the purpose of reasonable evaluation of the cell kinetics of RNA synthesis inhibitors, the flow cytometric technique using acridine orange staining for simultaneous measurement of cellular DNA and RNA content was applied in order to analyze the effects of actinomycin D (ACT-D) on cultured cancer cells (PC1). ACT-D 0.05 microgram/ml, a dose that produced little inhibitory effect on the growth curve, led to G1 accumulation after the appearance of G2M, and a decrease in RNA content was concomitantly observed at 48-72h, although the RNA level had nearly recovered to normal at 120 h. On the other hand, ACT-D 0.1 microgram/ml, a dose that produced a significant inhibitory effect, resulted in the initiation of G1-phase accumulation, a maximal peak of G2M accumulation and a decrease in RNA content at 48 h, after which there was a tendency toward G1-phase accumulation and a marked decrease in RNA content which continued for 120 h. Such a marked decrease in RNA content coincided with high values of the G1a X G1b ratio in the G1 phase. These results suggest that ACT-D has an inhibitory action on the cell cycle between G1a and G1b, accompanying a marked decrease in RNA content.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
[Oral care of vegetative patients].
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Coma↗
Retinal changes in abnormal amino acid metabolism.
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Adolescent↗
Insulin-stimulating protein from human plasma. Chemical characteristics and biological activity.
A protein that potentiates the action of insulin in vitro was purified from human plasma. When reduced with 2-mercaptoethanol and then carboxymethylated, it yielded a single subunit, indicating that it was composed of two identical subunits connected by a single disulfide bond. This modified subunit tended to inhibit rather than stimulate insulin activity. A distinctive feature of the amino acid composition of this protein (H-ISP) was the absence of histidine, arginine, and tryptophan. The molecular mass, subunit composition, the characteristic amino acid composition and the N-terminal amino acid residue of H-ISP are very similar to those of human plasma apolipoprotein A-II (apo A-II). The isoelectric point of H-ISP was estimated to be 4.91, which is identical with that of the major apo A-II isoform. H-ISP did not itself have insulin-like activity in increasing CO2 liberation from labeled glucose and 2-deoxyglucose uptake by isolated rat adipocytes, but it potentiated the action of insulin in these parameters. It had no appreciable affect on the binding or degradation of 125I-labeled insulin by adipocytes. Like H-ISP, apo A-II isolated from human plasma also had no insulin-like activity by itself, but stimulated the effect of insulin on CO2 production from labeled glucose in isolated rat adipocytes. From these results, it is concluded that H-ISP is identical with the major apo A-II isoform. Incubation of isolated adipocytes with H-ISP resulted in marked increase in the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase in a dose-dependent manner in the absence of added insulin. H-ISP also stimulated pyruvate dehydrogenase activity in a subcellular system consisting of plasma membranes and mitochondria from rat adipocytes. The effect of H-ISP on pyruvate dehydrogenase activity could be produced by treatment of the isolated mitochondrial fraction alone.
Adipose Tissue↗
Synthesis and biological properties of two dimeric forms of human alpha-atrial natriuretic peptide.
Two dimeric forms of human alpha-atrial natriuretic peptide (alpha-ANP) were synthesized by solution methods and compared with monomeric alpha-ANP in terms of some biological and immunochemical properties. The parallel form (beta'-ANP) and the antiparallel form (beta-ANP) were equipotent in smooth muscle relaxant activity in isolated rat aorta and their ED50 values were estimated to be 1.7 X 10(-8) M and 1.6 X 10(-8) M, respectively. Diuretic and natriuretic responses induced by beta-ANP and beta'-ANP anesthetized rats were equally less potent but exhibited a significantly longer duration than those induced by alpha-ANP. beta-ANP and beta'-ANP possessed immunoreactivities of 60-100% and 50-90% (alpha-ANP, 100% on a molar basis), respectively, with three different antisera raised against alpha-ANP-related peptides.
Animals↗
Fluorimetric high-performance liquid chromatography of prostaglandins and its application to their determination in human seminal fluid.
A highly sensitive and simple high-performance liquid chromatographic method with fluorescence detection for the determination of prostaglandins is described. Prostaglandins are converted into the corresponding fluorescent derivatives by reaction with 3-bromomethyl-6,7-dimethoxy-1-methyl-2(1H)-quinoxalinone in the presence of potassium hydrogen carbonate and 18-crown-6 in acetonitrile. The derivatives are separated simultaneously within 34 min (the total run time per injection, 56 min) on a reversed-phase column (YMC Pack C8) by a stepwise elution with mixtures of acetonitrile, methanol and water and detected fluorimetrically. The detection limits are 10-15 fmol at a signal-to-noise ratio of 5 in a 10-microliter injection volume. Prostaglandins E1, E2, F1 alpha and F2 alpha in human seminal fluids are measured by this method.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
Highly sensitive determination of N-acetyl- and N-glycolylneuraminic acids in human serum and urine and rat serum by reversed-phase liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection.
A simple, rapid and highly sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of N-acetyl- and N-glycolylneuraminic acids in serum and urine is described. The neuraminic acids, released by hydrolysis of serum and urine, are converted in dilute sulphuric acid with 1,2-diamino-4,5-dimethoxybenzene, a fluorogenic reagent for alpha-keto acids, to highly fluorescent derivatives. The derivatives are separated isocratically within 8 min by reversed-phase chromatography using a Radial-Pak cartridge C18 column and detected fluorimetrically. The limit of detection is 40 fmol (12 pg) for both neuraminic acids in 10-microliters injection volume [0.3 nmol (90 ng)/ml) of serum or urine]. This sensitivity permits the precise determination of the neuraminic acids in 5 microliters of serum or urine. The method was applied to the determination of the neuraminic acids in sera from normal subjects and cancer patients, normal urine and rat serum.
Animals↗
Leber's congenital amaurosis associated with hyperthreoninemia.
Two siblings had Leber's congenital amaurosis. The girl (Patient 1) showed blindness shortly after birth, absent pupillary light reflex, and multiple round, white spots in both fundi. Her serum threonine level was increased (2.0 to 5.3 mg/dl; normal, 0.78 to 1.82 mg/dl). She died of massive pericardial effusion four months after birth. Her brother (Patient 2) was nearly blind shortly after birth. He had a poor pupillary light reflex and a nearly extinguished electroretinographic response. He also had hyperthreoninemia, hyperthreoninuria, hepatomegaly, and mental and physical retardation. We suspect a close relationship between hyperthreoninemia and Leber's congenital amaurosis in these siblings.
Amino Acids↗
Highly sensitive determination of free fatty acids in human serum by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection.
A highly sensitive and rapid high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of free fatty acids in human serum is described. The fatty acids are converted into the corresponding fluorescent derivatives by the reaction with 3-bromomethyl-6,7-dimethoxy-1-methyl-2(1H)-quinoxalinone in the presence of potassium carbonate and 18-crown-6 in acetonitrile. The derivatives are separated simultaneously within 44 min on a reversed-phase column (YMC-Pack C8) with a gradient elution of aqueous methanol and detected fluorimetrically. The detection limits are 0.5-2 fmol in a 10-microliters injection volume. This sensitivity permits precise determination of free fatty acids including lauric, myristoleic and linolenic acids, which occur in serum at very low concentrations, in 5 microliters of sera from healthy subjects and patients with diabetes.
Adult↗
Seven cases of pelvic exenteration combined with sacral resection for locally recurrent rectal cancer.
Local recurrence of rectal cancer following abdominoperineal resection is rarely amenable to limited resection. Carcinoembryonic antigen assay is valuable for diagnosing most recurrent rectal cancers, but it is inadequate for early detection. Pelvic computed tomography examination is very valuable for the early detection and localization of recurrence in relation to pelvic structures and can also serve as a guide in percutaneous needle biopsy of the tumor. Seven patients with deeply invading recurrent lesions underwent pelvic exenteration combined with sacral resection. The ileal segment conduit was used for ureteral urinary diversion. The mean operation time and blood loss were 8.8 hours and 6,200 ml, respectively. No operative deaths were encountered. One patient is alive 22 months postoperatively with no evidence of disease, and another patient is alive 32 months postoperatively with pelvic wall recurrence. This procedure seems a reasonable treatment for palliation and full recovery in certain patients.
Adult↗
Proliferation of Dunning R-3327 rat prostatic adenocarcinoma and of its sublines (CUA and CUB).
Proliferating cells in tumors of the androgen-dependent R-3327 and its partially dependent and autonomous sublines, CUA and CUB, were examined. Two types of cells, myoepithelial cells and large stromal cells, in the R-3327 have a high proliferating ability, as estimated by thymidine uptake. These cells were also observed in the normal dorsolateral prostate of rats, the lobes from which R-3327 originated. CUA is a squamous carcinoma, which proliferates at the border of the epithelial layer and large stromal cells. The tumor cells of CUB appear as clusters of large stromal cells which have a strong potential for dividing. Therefore, R-3327 contains two types of dividing cells, and their uncoordinated proliferation may be responsible for causing the different features seen in the sublines.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Lysosomal enzyme activities of the bovine corneal endothelium.
A quantitative study was carried out on the lysosomal enzyme activities of the bovine corneal endothelium-Descemet's membrane preparation. The corneal endothelium and Descemet's membrane were peeled off together. Cathepsin D was assayed using hemoglobin as substrate; N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, beta-glucuronidase, acid phosphatase, and alpha-mannosidase were also examined using p-nitrophenyl derivatives as substrate. The proportions of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, cathepsin D, and beta-glucuronidase of the Descemet's membrane-endothelium complex were particularly high: 11.5%, 12.6%, and 12.5% of the whole cornea, respectively. Corneal endothelial cells also showed high activities of acid phosphatase and alpha-mannosidase (3.8%, and 5.0% of the whole cornea, respectively), while the protein and DNA contents were 0.5% and 0.5% in the complex. Lysosomal enzyme activities in the complex were also compared with those in other ocular tissues and were determined by the same methods at the same time.
Animals↗
Computerized prescription checking system.
This is a report on a validation system which was developed by utilizing medication history profiles of drugs prescribed to patients. Upon entering the current prescription data of a patient, the system will automatically retrieve the patient's history of past medication and the previous prescription, and print out the contents of both the current and previous prescriptions in order to validate the treatment. As a result of the Prescription Validation System, the safety of dispensing drugs by the pharmacists has been greatly improved compared to the past by checking on operator's errors of input of data, by identifying transcription error and by matching the spelling in the prescription. Medication instruction to the patients become more accurate since it is easier to monitor any changes on the prescription.
Computer Systems↗
Acidic lens-protein-degrading activity in aqueous humour.
Lens-protein-degrading activity in human aqueous humor was determined biochemically. Proteolytic activity was found in the pellet of aqueous humor from patients with Morgagnian cataract, traumatic cataract, after cataract, traumatic lens luxation, and phacolytic glaucoma. The activity was found at pH 3.8 and it was inhibited partly by pepstatin or leupeptin. Possibly, cathepsin D and lysosomal thiol proteinases in the macrophages play a major role in the degradation of escaping lens protein under pathologic conditions.
Animals↗
Structure of a sugar chain of a protease inhibitor isolated from barbados pride (Caesalpinia pulcherrima Sw.) seeds.
An asparagine-linked sugar chain of a protease inhibitor from barbados pride (Caesalpinia pulcherrima Sw.) was liberated by hydrazinolysis. After N-acetylation, the reducing end residue of this carbohydrate unit was coupled with 2-aminopyridine and the pyridylamino (PA-) derivative was purified by gel-filtration and reversed-phase HPLC. The structure of the resulting PA-sugar chain was determined mainly by stepwise exoglycosidase digestions and 500 MHz 1H-NMR spectroscopy and proved to be as follows: (formula; see text).
Carbohydrate Conformation↗
Crystallization of Bowman-Birk type protease inhibitor (peanut) and its complex with trypsin.
Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic study of Bowman-Birk type protease inhibitors, A-I, A-II, and B-III from peanut seeds (Arachis hypogaea), and of the A-II + trypsin complex were carried out. A-II, with 70 amino acid residues, crystallizes in a trigonal system, P3(1)21 (or P3(2)21), a = 71.8, c = 65.9 A, Z = 12 or 18. The A-I crystal is isomorphous with that of A-II, indicating that the N-terminal residues are in a disordered state in both crystals. The B-III crystal is monoclinic, C2, a = 119.6, b = 69.6, c = 94.2 A, beta = 115.1 degrees, Z is about 40. The A-II + trypsin complex crystallizes in an orthorhombic system, P2(1)2(1)2(1), a = 55.5, b = 56.0, c = 182.1 A, Z = 4.
Arachis↗