Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to S Fukuda.
A rare case of carcinosarcoma of the ureter is reported. Histologically, this neoplasia was an unusual heterologous carcinosarcoma of the ureter. 2 years after the initial total nephroureterectomy, the patient died from recurrence.
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A quadruple combination chemotherapy with ACNU, adriamycin, methotrexate and prednisolone (AAAP), was performed on 9 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, who had been previously treated with a VEPA (P) regimen. Complete remission rate was 44% (4/9) and, in four other patients, the tumor was decreased in size. Complete remission duration was from 30 days to over 390 days. Median survival time was 105 days. Myelosuppressive toxicity was severe. In eight patients, WBC counts were less than 3,000/mm3. In six patients, platelet counts were less than 100,000/mm3. An AAAP regimen is useful in relapse or for resistant forms of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Male rats were exposed to freshly generated cigarette smoke once daily for 4 to 8 weeks. Inhalation of smoke was verified by elevated level of carboxyhemoglobin. Arachidonate metabolism through lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase pathways in platelets was determined. Cigarette smoking increased 12-lipoxygenase activity significantly without affecting the cyclooxygenase pathway. In view of platelet-leukocyte interactions and potent chemotactic activity of 12-HETE for aortic smooth muscle cell migration, increased 12-lipoxygenase activity may predispose individuals to atherosclerosis, thromboembolism and emphysema commonly found in smokers.
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The fluorescent granular perithelial cells (FGP) in control and experimental specimens of SHR-SP rats were studied with light and electron microscopes. The results obtained are as follows. The FGP in SHR-SP rats are localized along small cerebral vessels and provided with many irregularly shaped inclusion bodies. Their matrices are homogenous and relatively less dense. Sometimes, the FGP fall into degeneration and their cytoplasm shrinks and fills with small dense granules. Concomitantly, collagen fibers appear surrounding them. After feeding rats a fat-rich chow, lipoidal substances appear in intracellular granules of FGP at the light microscopical level. Electron microscopically, the FGP are swollen and their inclusion bodies vary in shape and content. Large inclusion bodies are composed of several middle-sized inclusion bodies with heterogenous matrices. Frequently, pale inclusion bodies are provided with intensely stained limiting membranes. These facts suggest an incorporation of fat into the FGP. With the administration of elastase, intracellular lipid decreases moderately and the FGP scarcely swell. The cytoplasm of FGP and the contents of inclusion bodies become defined and contrasty. From this evidence, elastase seems to facilitate a fat metabolism in FGP. Morphological and functional differences between FGP and other perivascular cells including pericytes, microglia, and mast cells are briefly discussed.
Ten cases of myopathy caused by glycogen storage diseases of type II, III, and V, and phosphorylase b kinase deficiency are reported. So-called "abnormal lysosomes" or glycogenosomes which contain abundant glycogen were found in cases of type II, and in some numbers, in cases of type III, and in one case of phosphorylase b kinase deficiency which revealed a moderate decrease in debranching enzyme (amylo-1,6-glucosidase) activity. In these cases of type III and phosphorylase b kinase deficiency, the glycogenosomes are formed through deposition of abnormal glycogen (limit dextrin structure glycogen).
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Glycogen storage diseases of type I, II, III, IV, V and the other muscle types, were examined electron microscopically, biochemically and physicochemically. Glycogenosomes (glycogen containing vacuoles) were found in the affected tissues of type II, type III variant of muscle glycogen storage disease, type IV and muscle type phosphorylase b kinase deficiency (disorder of the phosphorylase b kinase activation mechanism). The acid alpha-glucosidase activity was decreased only in the case of type II glycogen storage disease (Pompe's disease). The other types of glycogen storage disease showed no decrease in acid alpha-glucosidase activity. Moreover, one patient with type II disease also revealed a decrease in neutral alpha-glucosidase activity. In all cases where glycogenosomes were found, the extracted glycogen macromolecules showed some molecular abnormality or deviation when compared with normal native glycogen macromolecules.
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Through X-ray and endoscopic examination of stomach, a 77 year-old man, who complained of epigastralgia, he was diagnosed to have Borrmann III type gastric carcinoma on the antrum. The gastric biopsy specimen obtained from the tumor revealed to be well differentiated adenocarcinoma. Since the patient refused receiving surgical treatment, a combined administration of futraful and uracil (UFT therapy) was performed. 4 weeks after receiving UFT therapy, the patient became less aware of subjective symptom and the gastrofiberscopic picture showed smaller mass lesion compared to that of prior to the treatment. 8 weeks later, the tumor was remarkable reducing its size. When compared 14 cases of gastric carcinoma receiving UFT therapy with 26 cases receiving Futraful therapy (FT therapy), the UFT group responded more effectively than the FT group. In the UFT therapy, complete (CR) and partial response (PR) were obtained in 4 of 13 cases of gastric carcinoma with an effective rate of 30.8% according to the response criteria proposed by the Koyama-Saitoh group and with a Karnofsky scale of IA or better in 6 (42.8%) of 14 cases. On the other hand, in the FT therapy CR and PR were obtained in 5 of 26 cases with that of 19.2%, while a Karnofsky scale of IA or better was achieved in 6 (23.1%). As for 3 cases of PR in the UFT therapy the microscopic view of the biopsy specimen from gastric carcinoma showed well differentiated adenocarcinoma, which responded to the UFT therapy remarkably 4-5 weeks after receiving UFT therapy.
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