Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Adachi

Publications and source records attributed to S Adachi.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Antitumor effect of UFT on human ovarian cancer grafted to nude mice and 5-FU concentration in tumor and normal tissues].

Antitumor effects of UFT, tegafur (FT-207), cisplatin (CDDP) and the combination of UFT with CDDP on a human ovarian cancer xenograft in nude mice and the concentration of 5-FU in the tumor tissue and major organs were studied. UFT (48.6mg/kg/day X 20) or tegafur (15.0mg/kg/day X 20) was daily administrated orally, and CDDP (5mg/kg/day X 3) was administrated intraperitoneally at an 7-day interval. The inhibition rates of the tumor growths were 49.6% with UFT, -2.3% with tegafur and 17.7% with CDDP, respectively. In the combination of UFT with CDDP, severe side effect were observed. The concentration of 5-FU in UFT-treated group was higher than tegafur group: about 2 times in the tumor, 5 times in the liver, 9 times in the kidney and 4 times in the spleen, respectively. In the combination of UFT with CDDP, the concentration of 5-FU in major organs, especially in the kidney, in nude mice that died at 10 day after drug administration were higher than in those of UFT. These findings indicate that UFT increases the intratumoral concentration of 5-FU to elicit better antitumor effect and also the concentration of 5-FU in various normal organs after long time administration.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Conventional X-ray and CT diagnosis of lung cancer].

The recent improvement in techniques such as thin slice CT and Lung Nodule Simulator has increased the possibility to diagnose early lung cancer. However, it might be most important to observe subtle shadow on the conventional X-ray carefully for early detection of lung cancer.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1988

[Pharmacokinetics of N4-behenoyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine after intraperitoneal administration].

The patients with cartinomatous peritonitis were treated with the intraperitoneal administration (ip) of N4-behenoyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosineine (BH-AC: analogue of Ara-C), and the pharmacokinetics of BH-AC ip was studied. The following results were obtained (1) Immediately after ip administration, the concentration of BH-AC in ascites became as high as 10(6) ng/ml. At 24 hours following BH-AC ip, 10(4) ng/ml of BH-AC was detected in ascites. (2) Immediately after ip administration the concentration of Ara-C derived from BH-AC in ascites became as high as 10(3) ng/ml. At 24 hours, more than 10 ng/ml of Ara-C was detected in the ascites. (3) Ara-U in ascites was detected also soon after BH-AC ip was performed. Accordingly, it is expected that deaminase may be present in ascites. (4) As compared with in ascites, Ara-C in plasma showed very low level (less than 1 ng/ml). These findings indicate that BH-AC is suitable drug for intraperitoneal administration, because BH-AC revealed low peritoneal and high plasma clearances.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Chemical structure of three neutral trisaccharides isolated in free form from bovine colostrum.

Three neutral trisaccharides, which comprise 25.1% of the neutral oligosaccharide other than lactose, were isolated from bovine colostrum, obtained 6 h after parturition, by l.c. on amino silica gel. The chemical structures were identified, by methylation analysis with direct m.s. and g.l.c.-m.s., and by structural analysis with 13C-n.m.r., as beta-D-Galp-(1----4)-[alpha-L-Fucp-(1----3)-]-D-GlcNAc (3-fucosyl-N-acetyllactosamine), beta-D-Galp-(1----3)-beta-D-Galp-(1----4)-D-Glc (3'-galactosyllactose), and beta-D-Galp-(1----6)-beta-D-Galp-(1----4)-D-Glc (6'-galactosyllactose). The The first-named compound was a novel oligosaccharide from mammalian milk.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Isolation of ketoses or nonreducing sugars from a sugar mixture containing aldoses by aniline treatment.

A method for the isolation of ketoses and nonreducing sugars from sugar mixtures by the addition of aniline, in the presence of acetic acid as a catalyst, is described. The aldoses react readily to form aniline derivatives, which are then removed using standard procedures: extraction with organic solvents, and treatment with activated charcoal and with a cation-exchange resin. The ketoses and nonreducing sugars are retained in aqueous solution.

Acetates↗
PubMed1987

[Effects of chromium compounds on the respiratory system. 5. Long term inhalation of chromic acid mist in electroplating by C57BL female mice and recapitulation of our experimental studies].

Long term inhalation of CrO3 mist by C57BL mice The effects of the chromic acid mist used in electroplating on the respiratory system of C57BL mice (female; n = 43) were examined histopathologically after exposure for 12 months to the mist (1.81 mgCr/m3-120 min, twice a week). Among the 23 mice sacrificed at 12 months after the first exposure, three cases of perforation in the nasal septs, a case of proliferative change of the tracheal epithelium, nine cases of emphysema and four of adenomatous metaplasia of the lungs were observed on antopsy. Among the 20 mice which were sacrificed six months after the last exposure, the same changes as the 12-month exposure group were also observed in the nasal septum, trachea and lungs, but papillomas observed in the nasal epithelia of six mice and adenoma in the lung of a mouse were new findings not seen in the 12-month exposure group. These results suggest that, in view of the low incidence of spontaneous lung tumor in C57BL mice, inhalation of chromic acid mist in electroplating might be a risk factor of lung cancer. Additionally, the occurrence of papillomas in the nasal epithelium demonstrates the need of directing attention to the possible development of cancer of the upper respiratory tract in chromium electroplating workers. Recapitulation on our experimental studies Upon completion of our five reports on the effects of chromium compounds on the respiratory system, a recapitulation of our experimental studies was made and compared with the findings of a number of reports on chromium. It was experimentally and epidemiologically confirmed that hexavalent chromium compounds act as carcinogens and cause specific biological effects on the respiratory system. These characteristics of hexavalent compounds might be attributable to the strong oxidizing potency and/or high permeability through the cell membrane. Furthermore, hexavalent compounds might be entirely different in biological action from trivalent compounds which are chemically most stable.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1987

[Occupational lung cancer. A comparison between humans and experimental animals].

Many epidemiological and experimental studies have suggested that the respiratory tract is one of the most sensitive organs to environmental carcinogens. Nevertheless there is little evidence to determine the relationship between a specific environmental carcinogen and a cell type of lung cancer, because the cell types of lung cancer and their relative frequencies are highly complex compared with those of other organs and tissues. In the present paper, occupational lung-cancer characteristics, which are the clearest in the relation between cause and effect in human lung cancers, were reviewed in comparison with the results of animal experiments concerned with occupational lung carcinogens. Through accumulation of histopathological examinations of the lung cancer cases, the following relationships between cause and cell type were conjectured: chromium and squamous cell carcinoma; asbestos and adenocarcinoma; nickel and squamous cell carcinoma; beryllium and small cell carcinoma; bis (chloromethyl) ether and small cell carcinoma; mustard gas and squamous cell or small cell carcinoma; vinyl chloride and large cell or adenocarcinoma; radionuclides and small cell carcinoma. The relation pertaining to arsenic, benzotrichloride and tar could not be conjectured because of insufficient cases and information in the histological diagnosis. On the other hand, the carcinogenicity of these substances in occupational exposure has been confirmed by animal experiments administered intratracheally or by inhalation studies under relatively higher concentration. As a result of recent refinements of inhalation study, all-day and life-span exposure to extremely low concentrations, such as microgram/m3 orders, of certain substances has been possible. The characteristics of lung tumors occurring in these animals are rather different from those of human. For example, in mouse, almost all of the malignant lung tumors developed by carcinogens are adenocarcinomas and it is rare to find the squamous cell carcinoma. Moreover, small cell carcinoma and large cell carcinoma have not known to occur in the lungs of rats and mice. Therefore, future research should focus elucidating the specific relationship between cause and cell type of human lung cancer by means of animal experiments on lung cancer that give attention to the specificities of each experimental animal and the origin of the resultant lung tumor.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Influence of modes of ACNU administration on tissue and blood drug concentration in malignant brain tumors.

The water-soluble nitrosourea compound ACNU is also lipid-soluble at normal physiological pH levels. It lacks toxic effects on vision that nitrosoureas occasionally produce following intra-arterial administration. In 28 cases of both primary and secondary malignant brain tumors, ACNU was administered at surgery or angiography by three different modes: intravenous injection in Group I (10 cases), intra-arterial injection via the carotid artery in Group II (11 cases), and intra-arterial injection via the carotid artery after opening the blood-brain barrier (BBB) by means of mannitol in Group III (seven cases). Tumor tissue and blood samples were taken serially at various time intervals after ACNU injection, and ACNU was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. The time-concentration curve for ACNU was calculated in each case by the two- and one-compartment open models for determination of ACNU levels in blood and tissue, respectively. Pharmacokinetic parameters including biological half-life, blood and tissue levels (0-t minutes and 0-infinity minutes), total plasma clearance, and distribution volume of the beta phase were compared. Statistical analysis of tissue ACNU levels at 0-t minutes revealed higher concentrations in Group III patients than in Groups II and I: levels in Group II were significantly higher than in Group I. Mean biological half-life was 30.3, 23.0, and 38.5 minutes in Groups I, II, and III, respectively. Levels of ACNU were significantly increased in tumor tissue as well as in peritumoral tissue in one Group III patient with multiple metastatic anaplastic adenocarcinoma. In this series, treatment of malignant brain tumor by intra-arterial administration of ACNU produced significantly higher tissue levels of ACNU than did the systemic intravenous route.

Adenocarcinoma↗