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Biomedical subjects

R Winkler

Publications and source records attributed to R Winkler.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Comparative study on the effect of diet, exercise and iodine balneotherapy on blood rheologic parameters in diabetics within the scope of a 4 week health resort stay in Bad Hall].

A total of 123 spa patients with inadequately controlled diabetes mellitus was divided into the following 3 therapeutic groups: 1. therapeutic exercise alone, 2. iodine therapy with iodine brine (including drinking cure with "iodine-brine concentrate"), 3. remedial exercise plus iodine brine therapy. All patients received a rigidly controlled diabetic diet. The following parameters were determined at the beginning and at the end of the cure: whole blood and plasma viscosity, fibrinogen, blood glucose, total and HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, HbA1c, alpha 2-macroglobulin, total protein, microhaematocrit. A significant improvement was found in the values of whole blood viscosity, cholesterol, triglycerides and blood glucose, indicative of a beneficial effect on metabolism, primarily due to the administered diet. The largest decreases were shown by blood viscosity, relative viscosity, triglycerides, cholesterol and HbA1c in group III, and by plasma viscosity in group II. alpha 2-Macroglobulins did not change. Fibrinogen was raised in groups I and III. The importance of the improved blood rheological properties is discussed, particularly with respect to reduced erythrocyte flexibility in diabetics.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed1985

Collagen metabolism during the healing process of the cauterized rat cornea. An experimental study.

Attempts were made (1) to develop an appropriate method for producing standardizable and reproducible experimental opacities of the cornea of rats and (2) to study quantitatively the course and intensity of the healing process of these corneal wounds. The right cornea of rats was cauterized by drops of 1.5 N HC1 over 30 s; the left one served as a control. The spontaneous course of wound healing, as well as the possible effect on this process of spray treatment with iodine brine or, for comparative purposes, with isotonic NaCl, was studied for 10 consecutive days by measuring the 24-h incorporation of 14C-labelled proline as a measure of de novo collagen synthesis. Spray treatment (1) abolishes the transient inhibition of proline incorporation observed in the unsprayed cornea on the first day after injury and (2) significantly advances the maximum collagen synthesis rate from day 3-4 to day 2 after the wound occurred. The position and magnitude of the 14C-proline incorporation peak are considered to be useful parameters for estimating corneal wound healing activity and its alteration by various agents. However, in this experimental design, it could not be proved that iodine has a specific effect.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1985

Local recurrence after sphincter-saving resection for rectal and rectosigmoid carcinoma. Value of various diagnostic methods.

The authors reviewed 51 cases of local recurrence after sphincter-saving resection for rectal and rectosigmoid carcinoma to assess the sensitivity of current diagnostic procedures. A combination of follow-up serum CEA levels and rectoscopy was found to be most efficient during the first two years after surgery in terms of the time, frequency, and location of the recurrence as well as the cost-benefit ratio. On the other hand, almost all recurrent lesions developed extraluminally, infiltrating the suture line secondarily; moreover, one fourth extended outside the bowel wall. Thus in addition to endoscopy, CT is useful as a means of defining the entire mass at the anastomosis as well as detecting pericolic recurrence and is essential if repeat resection is contemplated.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Adjuvant radiotherapy in rectosigmoid cancers].

Radiotherapy in rectosigmoidal cancer is studied in a randomized phase-III clinical multicenter trial comparing (A) postoperative irradiation (50 Gy) to (B) preoperative irradiation + postoperative saturation (25 Gy) to (C) preoperative irradiation alone (25 Gy). Postoperative irradiation is carried out, if the patient exhibits a high risk (Dukes B, C). In preoperatively irradiated patients operation takes place immediately after the last course, at least within 24 h. Fractioning is 2,5 Gy per session. Preoperative irradiation is tolerated well. It does not compromise surgery or increase the number of complications. In rectal resections a protective colostomy is not necessary. Radical postoperative irradiation (A) is burdened by 3 serious complications and a considerably higher amount of complaints. Whereas radical radiation procedures (A and B) lead to a drastical reduction of the local recurrence rate (A 5 of 86, B 4 of 97 patients, that means about 1/7th of what could be expected), preoperative irradiation alone (C) has a lesser effect (10 of 96). Distant metastases rate remains uninfluenced by each of these procedures. Assuming that preoperative irradiation is able to inhibit intraoperative metastasing these data suggest that this form of metastases has no practical importance. Although the study is not closed there is a convincing improvement by the combined radical approach. As regards tolerability and practicability it should be done in the sandwich-technique by pre-and postoperative irradiation (B).

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1985

[Value of computer tomography in the diagnosis and development of rectal cancer].

The accuracy of CT in staging rectal carcinoma was examined on the basis of 172 preoperative CT-examinations of the pelvis. Especially in cases of advanced tumours CT was found to be superior to clinical staging as defined by Mason, except for low ventral tumour localisation. On the other hand, routine staging by CT is not justified because mesenteric lymph node metastases cannot sufficiently be predicted. The value of various diagnostic methods in detecting local recurrences was determined in 295 other patients after radical resection of the rectosigmoid due to carcinoma. Recommendations for effective follow-up studies of those patients are based on these results.

Female↗
PubMed1983

[Effect of hexobendine and pentoxifylline on the viscosity of erythrocyte suspension].

The effect of hexobendine, pentoxifylline and of the combination Instenon, containing hexobendine, on the dynamic viscosity of blood-isotonic and hyperosmolal suspensions of human and rat erythrocytes was studied. Hexobendine caused a statistically significant reduction of viscosity beginning at 10(-4) M, under hyperosmolal conditions even at 10(-5) M. Instenon was somewhat less active than hexobendine alone at a concentration equivalent to its presence in Instenon. Pentoxifylline did not decrease the viscosity under the selected conditions. The effect of hexobendine is considered due to an increase of red cell flexibility, probably caused by an elevation of the ATP content or by an alteration of the membrane structure of the erythrocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

The Turcot syndrome. Report of an additional case and review of the literature.

Another unusual autopsy case of the Turcot syndrome is reported in a 23-year-old woman with polyposis coli, who developed primary carcinoma of the jejunum and glioblastoma multiforme of the left frontal lobe. Previously documented cases are reviewed. Discussion focuses on the occurrence of other extracolonic abnormalities observed with the Turcot syndrome.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

The perirectal fascia: morphology and use in staging of rectal carcinoma.

A revised anatomy of the perirectal fascia is proposed based on more than 2,000 CT examinations of the lower pelvis. CT examination showed that the perirectal fascia completely encloses the "capsula adipose rectalis" within the subperitoneal space and separates the perirectal compartment from the "pararectal connective tissue." The accuracy of CT in preoperative staging of rectal carcinoma was also demonstrated. It is concluded on the basis of 155 preoperative CT examinations of rectal carcinoma that CT staging is superior to Mason's clinical staging scheme, although routine staging by CT is not justified because slight perirectal tumor spread and lymph node metastasis cannot be predicted accurately.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1983

[Spatial orientation capability in the elderly].

A labyrinth-learning experiment was conducted with 83 elderly subjects (median 53 years), which was validated against the architectural "reality" of the clinic in which the test was conducted. The orientation capability of psychologically normal subjects was compared with the performance of patients with a depressive syndrome and/or with an organic mental syndrome. Factor Analysis revealed the independent influence of component functions, the most important being spatial imaging, memory, goal-seeking orientation, labyrinth learning and right-left coordination. Orientation in reality is not accurately predicted by performance on the labyrinth test model. Contrary to our expectation, the presence of OMS alone did not decrease performance; however the presence of a depressive syndrome, both alone as well as in conjunction with OMS did. Diagnostic and therapeutic implications are discussed.

Aged↗