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Biomedical subjects

R Winkler

Publications and source records attributed to R Winkler.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Colorectal carcinoma--surgical intervention].

Surgery of colorectal cancer can rely on well-tried methods and on the fact that a large proportion of operations have been very successful and "curative". The emphasis is on operations that preserve continence, as well as on appropriate measures to prevent locoregional relapse (adjuvant therapy), on surgery of metastases and problems of aftercare aiming at early surgery in case of relapse and at psychosocial rehabilitation with special reference to the stoma problem.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

[Colorectal carcinoma--clinical and radiologic problems of aftercare].

Aftercare following surgery of colorectal tumours aims mainly at early detection of a relapse for the purpose of curative re-intervention. Improvement of diagnostic possibilities, especially by means of tumour markers, flexible endoscopy, computed tomography, magnetic resonance and ultrasound, increased the efficacy of aftercare; however, diagnosis of tumour recurrence has always been too late to perform repeated surgery with the expected measure of success. In relation to all cases of failure of therapy, the proportion of potentially curative re-interventions was about 10%. Whereas operations at the frame of the colon are practically free from a specific therapeutic co-morbidity, problems of continence may be expected in deep rectal surgery; especially after extirpation of the rectum, we can expect stoma problems and urogenital complaints as well as difficulties with the rectal excision wound. In case of adjuvant radiotherapy there may be irradiation sequels such as adhesion difficulties or radiogenic proctitis. The occurrence of metachronous secondary tumours is a special aspect of colorectal carcinomas, so that aftercare always includes prevention as well. Further aftercare measures follow from the context of psychosocial rehabilitation. Principally it is possible to achieve the ideal goal of complete reinstatement in the family, in society and in professional life after colorectal cancer surgery.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1987

The effects of experimental hypo- and hyperthyroidism on blood viscosity and other blood parameters in the rat.

Three groups of male Sprague Dawley rats received methimazole without or with Na-thyroxine in drinking water (3 and 0.33 mg T4/l, respectively) to induce characteristic alterations of their thyroid status (hypothyroid, hyperthyroid, euthyroid). A fourth group served as an untreated control without any additive to the drinking water. With respect to the different thyroid status, the following changes in the blood parameters were found: increasing plasma-T3-levels caused a reduction in plasma viscosity, in total plasma protein and in alpha 1-globulin, but an increase in hematocrit, whole blood viscosity, the number of erythrocytes and leukocytes, alpha 2-globulin and beta-globulin. It was concluded that the increase in the plasma viscosity in the hypothyroid status is mainly due to an alteration of the plasma protein pattern, and that the increase in whole blood viscosity in the hyperthyroid rat is a consequence of increased hematocrit.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Diagnosis and therapy of late intestinal radiation sequelae].

Diagnosis and therapy of the complications of intestinal radiation is characterized by uncertainty due to the lack of data. We report our experience of 285 patients who have been followed through the years 1967-1984 which might serve as a basis for diagnosis and therapy. In emergency situations diagnosis includes ileus, perforation and massive bleeding. Operative therapy should be performed stepwise and with caution. During free intervals complete diagnosis of all possible complications including a restaging of the underlying disease should be performed. Resection of the affected intestine is the surgical method of choice. The rate of severe complications was lowered substantially; mortality was 4% (7/159).

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

[Effect of balneotherapeutic measures on blood rheologic parameters in patients with atherosclerosis].

50 spa patients with established atherosclerosis were divided randomly into 2 therapeutic groups. In addition to the usual balneotherapeutic programme including exercise, one group (J) received a course of "iodine brine concentrate" to drink and the control group (Cl) received a similar course with isotonic NaCl. All patients were submitted to a strictly controlled low cholesterol diet. The following parameters were determined at the beginning and at the end of therapy: total serum cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, fibrinogen, viscosity of whole blood and of plasma, microhaematocrit. Significant improvement was found in total cholesterol and triglycerides (decreases) and in the HDL proportion of total cholesterol (increase) in both groups. Fibrinogen was raised significantly only in the Cl-group and did not alter in the J-group. Plasma viscosity decreased only in the J-group, not in the controls. It is concluded that several haemorheological parameters relevant to atherosclerotic risk are favourably influenced in the direction of haemodilution by the complex balneotherapy used in our spa including diet and exercise. With the exception of additional positive effects on fibrinogen level and on plasma viscosity no other specific effects of the iodine brine were detectable.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed1986

Influence of breast-feeding on the restoration of the low serum concentration of vitamin E and beta-carotene in the newborn infant.

Vitamin E and beta-carotene are two important natural antioxidants. However, the mean (+/- SD) serum concentrations of beta-carotene in the cord blood of term (17.9 +/- 4.4 micrograms/dl) and preterm (14.04 +/- 4.7 micrograms/dl) infants are one eighth the concentration in the maternal serum (131 +/- 43 micrograms/dl). Likewise the serum concentrations of vitamin E in the term (0.31 +/- 0.09 mg/dl) and preterm (0.29 +/- 0.08 mg/dl) infants are one-third the concentration in the maternal serum (0.97 +/- 0.16 mg/dl). Human breast milk, particularly colostrum, contains very high concentrations of both vitamin E (3.28 +/- 2.93 mg/dl) and beta-carotene (213 +/- 166 micrograms/dl). Thus the breast-fed, term infant attains serum levels of both vitamin E and beta-carotene comparable to those in the adult within 4 to 6 days of breast-feeding. This study shows that the seeming barrier in the fetus to access to the antioxidants vitamin E and beta-carotene, in rapidly corrected and the substances are replenished postnatally through breast-feeding. This study therefore alludes to the possible role of breast-feeding in providing for the infant's defense against oxygen toxicity.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed1986

[Stomatherapy].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Colostomy↗
PubMed1986

Epidemiologic characteristics of gastric stump cancer in the GDR 1971-1980.

Epidemiologic features of carcinoma of the gastric remnant are described based on 3024 such cases reported to the National Cancer Registry of the German Democratic Republic from 1971 to 1980. Although the incidence of gastric cancer in general declined during this period this was not the case with gastric stump carcinoma. The sex ratio of gastric stump carcinoma showed a male predominance of 5.9: 1(2,583: 441). The age at diagnosis of gastric remnant cancer was somewhat lower than that of other gastric cancers. Some regional differences were discerned in its frequency which could not readily be explained. Approximately 20% of cases were diagnosed in stages I and II but radical surgery was only possible on 14% of all cases. The crude five year survival rate in 1975 was 2.5% overall and 15% on the radically operated patients. The epidemiologic data concerning gastric stump cancer demonstrate its importance in the context of the entire picture of stomach cancer and make clear the unsatisfactory diagnostic and therapeutic situation with respect to this form of carcinoma.

Adult↗