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Biomedical subjects

R Winkler

Publications and source records attributed to R Winkler.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Binding of nickel (II) to 5'-nucleoside monophosphates and related compounds.

The interactions of Ni(II) cation with a representative suite of purine bases and the respective nucleosides and nucleotides have been studied by ultraviolet difference spectroscopy. Apparent association constants, Kapp, were determined for each system at pH 7.0, using computer linear regression coupled with an iteration technique. The specificity of binding of Ni2+ for the purine nucleotides studied at pH 7.0 was 5'-GMP greater than 5'-IMP greater than 5'-AMP; a similar ordering was also found for the respective nucleosides and bases. In this study binding was not observed for the suite of pyramidines used, although a Ni2+ - cytidine complex has been observed (Fiskin and Beer, 1965). It was also found that Ni2+ bound more strongly to the purine 5'-nucleotides than to the respective nucleosides and bases. These trends are explained in terms of metal-ligand bonds and available bonding positions on the ligands. A role for metal-ion-nucleotide types of complexes is suggested in the processes that might have given rise to the origin of life.

Adenine↗
PubMed1982

[The fascial planes round the rectum. Anatomic and computer tomographic correlations (author's transl)].

About 1000 patients mostly with rectal carcinomas but also with hematomas, abscesses and soft tissue tumors received CT-examinations of the posterior compartment of the pelvis before and after surgical treatment and radiation therapy. The morphology of the perirectal space is demonstrated under normal and pathologic conditions and can be compared with the current anatomical knowledge. Special attention has been focussed on the site of the so called "Hüllfaszien" or "Grenzlamellen" of the rectum and the division of the perirectal space. Nomenclature and description of the perirectal fasciae and spaces are somewhat controversial. Therefore misinterpretations of pathologic CT-findings are not uncommon.

Abscess↗
PubMed1982

[Parenteral nutrition in surgery preparation in large intestinal diseases. Indication, procedure and results].

The basic problem of colonic surgery is the high septic risk. Especially chronic inflammatory diseases are marked by a high periintestinal infection rate. In addition, there are catabolisms with negative protein balance and immunologic deficiency. In order to avoid there factors the principle of withdrawal of the intestinal function has been applied. Patients are put on a balanced high-caloric and completely absorable diet (2,400-3,600 cal) using a thin duodenal tube for several weeks. Depending on the initial condition the alimentation is carried out in some patients parenterally or as a supplement. From 1966 to 1981 240 patients with ulcerative and granulomatous inflammatory diseases of the colon were operated on at the Surgical Department of the University Hospital Hamburg. Using this preparation the rate of infection decreased from 54 to 14%, and the mortality resulting from septic complications from 13 to 0.8%. The main achievement of withdrawal of the intestinal function is the reduction of extraintestinal secondary infection which is responsible for the septic complications.

Colitis, Ulcerative↗
PubMed1982

[Clinical aspects of cancer of the resected stomach].

From 1962 to 1980 54 patients suffering from gastric carcinoma following partial gastrectomy were admitted to the Central Institute for Cancer Research of the Academy of Sciences of the GDR. No surgical therapy was possible in 13 additional cases due to distant metastases. In all patients operated upon a considerable expansion of the tumour could be observed. For an early detection of the carcinoma in the resected stomach a regular prophylactic examination by endoscopy should be practiced.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

[New possibilities to improve ileostomy-function by extremely high water-binding substances (author's transl)].

When an ileostoma is performed on rats, they usually die as a result of cachexia, which is caused by poor utilization of ingesta on account of rapid intestinal transit times. Assuming that oral administration of hydrophilic substances would prolong this transit and thereby the time of survival, rats with an ileostoma were fed a newly developed organic monomer. Its capacity to bind water is about 100 times its own weight. This substance was supplemented with standard diet of different concentrations. A much firmer fecal consistency resulted when 33% monomer was added to the diet. Animals fed a diet containing 50% monomer produced well-formed feces. There was no difference in survival time of the animals on a normal diet. furthermore, administration of a special hypercaloric diet did not cause a prolonged survival time. The reasons and possible therapeutic implications for patients with an ileostoma are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Colorectal cancer].

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Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1981

[Local recurrence of rectal carcinoma after abdomino-perineal resection (author's translation)].

From 1970 to 1974 165 patients suffering from rectal cancer underwent surgery at the Central Institute for Cancer Research of the Academy of Sciences of the GDR. In 112 patients abdomino-perineal excision of the rectum and rectosigmoid was performed for curative purposes. Subsequently local recurrences developed in 28 patients (25%). At the end of the 2nd postoperative year 82% of all patients had recurrences. In most cases only a palliative treatment of the recurrence could be established. From 9 patients with recurrences curatively treated only 3 survived for 5 years.--In a small subgroup of patients with postoperative irradiation a pelvic recurrence could be proved only once, whereas chemotherapy (mostly intraluminal) did not influence the rate of recurrences.--Obviously, early treatment of the primary tumour and local recurrence can be regarded as the only measure for improving the survival rate. It is too early for the evaluation of adjuvant therapy to be determined exactly.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

[Colitis cystica profunda].

The rare disease of colitis cystica profunda is characterized histopathologically by epithelial coated cysts with mucous content within the submucosa of the large intestine or rectum. The clinical picture, showing loss of blood and mucus as well as the macroscopic appearance can lead to confusion with rectal cancer. This misinterpretation can be supported by the histologic picture of small biopsies and frozen sections. Transanal disc excision as definite therapy will allow extensive histologic examination and will prevent false treatment, for example proctectomy, in case of localization close to anal orifice.

Colitis↗
PubMed1981

[Early judgement on the results in radiation therapy of colorectal cancer: determination of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in blood serum at daily intervals from the beginning of irradiation (author's transl)].

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and lactatedehydrogenase (LDH) as tumor cell markers have been determined in the blood serum of 10 patients with colorectal cancer, who underwent preoperative irradiation with 200 to 250 rad daily (total focal dose 2000 to 2500 rad). Daily analysis was made during the irradiation, and, moreover, a determination 2 weeks after the resection of the tumor. Simultaneously CEA and LDH were determined in 10 controls. Serum CEA and LDH levels were found significantly increased in tumor patients as compared to controls. The course was characterized by a peak of LDH on days 4 and 7 from the onset of radiation treatment, while serum CEA did not show a peak in the total of the tumor patients; but in 3 individual patients a peak was detected. In 5 patients, with low CEA values from the beginning, no significant modifications of CEA did appear. Thus, some of the patients undergoing irradiation revealed CEA kinetics conform to theoretical considerations, suggesting a response to irradiation of the colorectal carcinoma. The prognostic value of the early CEA kinetics during radiation treatment should be examined in patients being irradiated for inoperable local recurrence.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

High risk breast cancer: long-term surgical adjuvant therapy based on predictive tests - preliminary report.

A surgical adjuvant therapy trial was started in 1974, in locoregionally advanced breast cancer. The adjuvant hormonal and cytostatic therapeutic regimen was administered according to the results of predictive tests: estrogen receptor (ER) assay and oncobiogram (group I); in the control group (0) no adjuvant therapy was given until relapse, but tests were performed like in group I. Preliminary results. In a subgroup with adjuvant chemotherapy, using one or more substances according to oncobiogram, with or without hormonal treatment, the treated women did highly-significantly better, compared with the untreated group. No advantage was seen from ovariectomy and/or anabolic steroids, either with or without Cytoxan (Test results: ER +, in vitro not growing tumours). Some doubt exists about the results: resistant, especially in testing cytostatics. This doubt and the rate of tumours, not growing in vitro, limit the use of predictive tests, concerning cytostatics. Further, one has to be cautious in the use of additive hormonal treatment in surgical adjuvant therapy: in some cases stimulation can not be excluded.

Adult↗