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Biomedical subjects

R W Lewis

Publications and source records attributed to R W Lewis.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Culture of seminal fluid in a fertility clinic.

To determine whether the culture of seminal fluid in a fertility clinic is of importance, bacterial cultures were obtained in a consecutive series of 96 patients. Routine bacteriologic cultures were performed within 1 hour of collection. Ureaplasma urealyticum (T-mycoplasma) cultures were also obtained in the last 31 of the patients in this series. Of these 96 patients, 11% showed significant bacterial growth (greater than 10(4) colonies/ml) in the semen specimens, 8% in those patients with normal semen analyses and 14% in those with abnormal analyses. Fifty-eight per cent of semen specimens were positive for U. urealyticum. In reference to normal and abnormal semen analyses the distribution was the same regardless of the presence or absence of U. urealyticum. Antibiotic treatment resulted in minor changes in motility and morphology in a few patients despite conversion to a negative culture. Cultures were also coordinated with microscopic urinalysis and the presence of white blood cells or bacteria in stained smears of semen. There were no significant differences between groups with positive or negative cultures. Trichomonas vaginalis was not seen.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1980

Efficacy of immunoserodiagnostic procedures in the recognition of canine immunologic diseases.

Six immunologic tests were conducted on a large population of dogs with a variety of diseases. The test results were analyzed retrospectively and correlated to the clinical and final pathologic diagnoses. The results indicated that rheumatoid factor and the direct antiglobulin (Coombs) test were both sensitive and specific for the diagnoses of canine rheumatoid arthritis and autoimmune hemolytic anemia. The antinuclear antibody test was useful in supporting the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) only when both antibody titer and the staining pattern were taken into consideration. The lupus erythematosus cell test was specific but not sensitive when used to confirm a diagnosis of canine SLE. Cellulose acetate serum electrophoresis and immunoelectrophoretic techniques were each useful in supporting the diagnosis of multiple myeloma. Epizootiologic data collected in this study indicated that dogs with primary immunologic disease had a poor prognosis. A female predisposition was observed in cases of canine autoimmune hemolytic anemia and SLE. Ovariectomy seemed to prevent the development of canine SLE.

Agammaglobulinemia↗
PubMed1980

Contact scrotal thermography. II. Use in the infertile male.

The results of the use of a new contact scrotal thermographic instrument in 112 patients in a fertility clinic are presented. Animal studies comparing accuracy to Thermistor probe measurements show strong positive correlation. This modality is useful for evaluation of patients with persistently abnormal semen analyses after a varicocele ligation to determine which patients might benefit from invasive retrograde venography to detect persistent venous trunks. Patients with a questionable varicocele or "subclinical" varicocele comprise the group that benefits most from this diagnostic instrument. There were 24 patients in this category, and the results of contact scrotal thermography are discussed. Three of these patients have had high ligation of the spermatic vein on the basis of these studies and the results have been good.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Contact scrotal thermography: application to problems of infertility.

Traditionally, studies on the relationship between scrotal or testicular temperature and infertility have concerned patients with varicoceles. However, some varicoceles are difficult to palpate and, in fact, there now appears to be an entity called subclinical varicocele. These data have led to the development of a new diagnostic tool, a contact thermography camera, which is inexpensive in comparison to infrared thermography units, is portable and provides consistent permanent recordings of scrotal temperature. The initial use of this camera in 30 patients seen in an infertility clinic is reported.

Body Temperature↗
PubMed1979

Leukopenia-induction capacity of 6-MP metallo-purine complexes in the rat.

Six-MP and its palladium and platinum complexes of this compound were administered intraperitoneally to 28 day old Sprague-Dawley rats in dosages of 15 mg/kg, 26.85 mg/kg, respectively for 21 days. The leukopenia induction capacity of 6-MP was greater at the end of day 7 while the 6-MP-Pd complex evidenced a more drastic leukocyte reduction at the end of day 21. The platinum complex was less toxic, as demonstrated by greater weight gain, while treatment with the palladium complex resulted in approximately the same weight gain as that observed in rats treated with pure 6-MP.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Intravesical thio-tepa in the immediate postoperative period in patients with recurrent transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.

Recurrent transitional cell carcinoma was treated with prophylactic intravesical thio-tepa in 22 cases. Group 1 patients were treated with 30 mg. twice daily for the first 3 days postoperatively. Group 2 patients were given additional treatment at increasing intervals indefinitely. Before therapy control patients averaged 1 recurrence every 9.5 months. Group 1 patients averaged 1 recurrence per 33 mpnths. Group 2 patients averaged 1 recurrence per 41 months. Leukopenia occurred in only 2 patients. Thio-tepa can be given safely in the immediate postoperative period and is effective in decreasing the recurrence rate of superficial bladder tumors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Persistent cloaca in a cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis).

A persistent cloaca was found to occur in a 15-year-old female cynomolgus monkey. This is the first case reported in a nonhuman primate. The embryological basis of this anomaly is discussed, and pertinent anatomical findings in this animal are reported which demonstrate the embryologic defect.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Effect of 6-mercaptopurine on response to major and minor histocompatibility antigens.

Pregraft treatment of chicks with 6 mercaptopurine-palladium complex (6-MP-Pd) resulted in a 16% survival of skin allografts incompatible at the major histocompatibility locus B. These incompatible grafts survived beyond 16 weeks postgrafting and showed profuse feather growth. No form of postgraft treatment was necessary. All nontreated incompatible grafts were rejected prior to 4 weeks postgrafting with no evidence of feather development. The same treatment, however, did not significantly suppress rejection of B-system compatible grafts which differed at minor histocompatibility loci. The rate of feather growth in successful B-system compatible grafts was significantly enhanced by the 6-MP-Pd treatment through 2 weeks postgrafting. Though the drug appears to affect the cellular immune system, the humoral immune response was unaffected as evidenced by a high antibody titer following turkey erythrocyte challenge.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Precisely controlled temperature variations: effect on hematocrit values of broiler and laying stock.

An investigation was carried out to study the effect of several controlled environmental temperatures (4.4, 12.7, 23.9, and 32.2 C) on hematocrit values of broiler and laying stock reared from 10 to 20 weeks of age. There were no significant differences between the hematocrit values of broiler stock reared under the various temperature variations. Values for laying stock reared at 12.7 and 23.9 C were significantly lower than values observed for birds reared at control (ambient), 4.4, or 32.2 C temperatures.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

The biochemical basis of cystic fibrosis: an hypothesis based upon the polyelectrolytes of mucus.

The evidence shows that the pathology of cystic fibrosis (CF) is related to mucoid secretions. Consequently, the question of what governs the viscosity of mucus is examined in detail. It is generally agreed that the mucin gel consists of polyanionic glycoproteins and a hitherto unidentified poly cationic cross-linking protein. It is proposed that larger amounts of polycations increase viscosity and, in excess, cause mucus to become a polycation. As these compounds are known to inhibit the ductal reabsorption of sodium, the two principal aspects of the pathology of CF can be related to the same mechanism. The mucus globule membrane (MGM) has been proposed as the cross-linking protein.

Cystic Fibrosis↗