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Biomedical subjects

R Urbanek

Publications and source records attributed to R Urbanek.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Immunotherapy (hypo-/desensitization) in allergic diseases (author's transl)].

The aim of hyposensitization therapy is to achieve an allergen tolerance. The solutions for hyposensitization are available as water soluble, semi-depot or depot allergen extracts. The strengths of the solutions are given in the following units: PNU (protein nitrogen units), w/v (weight/volume) and HEP (histamine equivalent in pricktesting). A comparison between the units is of limited value, as no information about the immunological potency is possible. Most experience centres on the parenteral allergen application, but recently oral hyposensitization has gained ground. The hyposensitization treatment can be performed in the conventional manner or in the form of a rapid hyposensitization. The length of treatment is at least 2 years. The assessment of the therapeutic efficacy of the treatment can be achieved by the history of natural allergen exposition, provocation tests on the target organs, the course of the allergen specific IgG and IgE antibodies as well as testing the histamine release from leukocytes. Further improved efficacy, shortening of the course of immunisation and the elimination of side effects should be developed.

Child↗
PubMed1980

Immunological studies on bee-keepers: specific IgG and subclass typing IgG against bee venom and bee venom components.

Specific IgE antibodies against bee venom and its components were studied in 23 bee-keepers. The highest IgG serum levels were observed for whole bee venom followed by phospholipase A. The serum levels of specific IgG antibodies against melittin and MCD-peptide were lower, the lowest serum levels being observed for apamin. After a 5 month absence from bee-keeping a fall in the serum levels of IgG antibodies was observed in all the bee-keepers studied. The investigation of the IgG subclass antibodies 1-4 against bee venom and phospholipase A demonstrated the highest serum levels for IgG 4 and IgG 2, the lowest levels were observed for IgG 1. The lowest IgG serum levels were associated with the least effective protection to bee stings. These findings support the concept that specific IgG antibodies prevent the development of allergic symptoms after bee sting.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Protective effect of ketotifen and disodium cromoglycate in bronchial challenge tests with allergens (author's transl)].

The protective effect of ketotifen and disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) was evaluated by a randomised double blind cross-over study in 15 children with allergic bronchial asthma. 13 children were allergic to house dust mite (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus), two to grass pollen. After a positive bronchial challenge test ketotifen or DSCG was given for 4 days followed by bronchial challenge with increasing allergen concentrations. Seven patients showed better allergen tolerance after ketotifen, 5 after DSCG. Protective action against late reactions was found only in 2 children after ketotifen and one child after DSCG.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Protective effect of ketotifen, investigations in allergic children with bronchial asthma (author's transl)].

23 children with perennial allergic bronchial asthma were treated with ketotifen syrup/capsules. The required therapeutic dose was 0,03 mg/kg body weight twice daily. Improvement was observed in 16 of the 23 patients in part associated with decreased allergic manifestations in the eyes, nose and skin. Steroids could be discontinued in 3 of 7 patients. In 6 children transient tiredness resulted however only in one was a dose reduction necessary.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1980

[Allergy to insect stings. diagnosis and therapy (author's transl)].

An allergic reaction to stings by insects can occur within minutes and may be fatal. The history serves to assess the severity of the reaction and may aid in the identification of the insect involved. The diagnosis is established by a skin test and the hyposensitization tested by determining the levels of insect venom specific IgE. Minor allergic reactions can be treated with drugs, the more severe forms require hyposensitization therapy with pure insect venom, especially when the risk of re-exposure to insect sting is high. By means of the rush-hyposensitization, a protection against insect stings can be achieved within 1 week. With increasing dosage, patients who have previously had severe reactions to insect stings, develop allergic side-effects. During the course of the treatment with insect venom, the levels of allergic IgE- and the levels of the protective IgG-antibiodies rise. After 6 months, the allergic antibody levels fall, the protective IgG-antibodies, however, remain above their pretreatment level.

Antivenins↗
PubMed1979

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of allergen-specific IgG antibodies in bee sting allergic patients hyposensitized with pure bee venom.

An ELISA is presented for detection of IgG antibodies to bee venom. By this method, sera of 11 bee sting allergic patients, who were treated with rapid hyposensitization with pure bee venom, were tested. The highest antibody titers were observed after 30 days of treatment, a maximum rise of 7.4 +/- 1.5 log 2-titer steps. Pure bee venom is shown to be more potent immunologically than whole body bee extract. Prediction of the clinical success, measured by tolerance to a bee sting challenge, is not yet possible using venom specific IgG determinations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Current concepts in the treatment of insect venom allergies].

Since standardised insect venom extracts have become available, the value of whole body extract hyposensitization has been questioned. Measurement of specific IgG antibodies serve as evidence of the immunological potency of the applied hyposensitization solution. The clinical success can be tested by exposition to insect sting.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1979

[Newborn cardiotoxicity after tocolysis with fenoterolhydrobromide].

In the clinical treatment of imminent premature birth, sympathomimetic amines have greatly increased in importance as an interruptor of labor pains. The purpose of this report is to discuss the clinical findings on the basis of 30 newborns admitted to our hospital (between April 1977 and June 1978) after long-term treatment of the mother and Fenoterol (Partusisten). The predominant clinical findings were: tachycardia, paroxysmal dyspnea, cyanosis, metabolic acidosis, congestive heart failure and, in the ECG, cardiac arrhythmias and T-wave inversions in the left precordial chest leads. A high correlation was found between the clinical degree of alteration and changes in both the ECG and the VCG. In all patients these changes have normalized within 8 weeks. The histological findings of 3 deceased newborns revealed typical although not specific features such as: polyploid cells especially in the subendocardial region and a streamlined fatty degeneration of the myocardium. These findings, however, cannot prove with certainty the cardiotoxic effect of Fenoterol on the myocardium, but it appears possible that an especially high dosage of Fenoterol given i. v. can cause myocardial complications. Our findings suggest that catecholamin derivates should be applicated only with extreme caution.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1978

[Hyposensitisation treatment with pure bee venom (author's transl)].

Hyposensitisation with pure bee venom was undertaken in eleven persons with proven allergy to bee stings. Rapid hyposensitisation led to side effects in seven of them during dosage increase. Serial determination of total IgA, IgG, IgM and alpha1-antitrypsin revealed no changes, while allergen-specific IgG and IgE and total IgE increased maximally after 30 days. All persons were exposed to one bee sting during the treatment: all tolerated it well without the allergic reactions which had previously been noted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Reduced capillary resistance in allergic patients.

Fifty four of 67 allergic children (81%) had a pathologically reduced capillary resistance (CR) of less than 16 cm Hg. Five of the 13 allergic children with normal CR were treated with corticosteroids. Prednisone improved CR in on patient for at least 24 h, and this was reflected by improvement of hemorrhagic parameters such as bleeding intensity, bleeding pattern and blood loss. There was no correlation between CR and IgE levels. 90% of the symptomatic relatives of allergic children had a reduced CR, but only 44% of asymptomatic relatives. CR presents a simple additional tool for diagnosing allergy and might give hints to the carrier state of allergy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Insect bite allergy. Acute therapy and hyposensitization by means of insect venom].

Systemic reactions after an insect bite necessitate an allergologic investigation. In addition to taking the patient's history a skin test and an estimation of allergenspecific IgE should be performed. If insect bite allergy is confirmed immediate pharmacological treatment is necessary and hyposensitization therapy is recommended. Purified venom extracts are available.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1978

[Serum IgE in skin diseases of children (author's transl)].

Using the paper-radioimmunosorbens test (PRIST) normal values were obtained from 200 non-allergic children. The IgE level was aged-dependent, in part with significant differences between various age groups. These normal values were compared with those in children with seborrhoeic dermitis, constitutional neurodermatitis, parasitoses, urticaria, Quincke oedema, Schönlein-Henoch purpura, pityriasis rosea, multiform exudative erythema, erythema nodosum and infantile papular acrodermatitis. Half-life of IgE in neonates was 16.2 hours.

Acrodermatitis↗
PubMed1977

[Allergy to insect stings (author's transl)].

Generalised reactions after an insect bite call for an exact diagnosis: nonspecific general reactions must be distinguished from true allergic reactions. 12 children with allergic reactions to bee and/or wasp stings were investigated. The results of the skin tests and the allergen-specific IgE determinations were compared and found to vary distinctly in some cases. In addition to immediate therapy (emergency pharmacy), specific hyposensitization over several years is indicated. Observation of the course of IgE antibodies is presented.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗