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R Urbanek

Publications and source records attributed to R Urbanek.

158 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

[The clinical application of allergen-specific and total IgE determination in pediatric allergology (author's transl)].

Allergen specific IgE determination (Radio-Allergen-Sorbens-Test) were carried out on 150 patients 2 to 14 years old. The agreement with classical skin tests (Prick and intracutaneous tests) was for pollen allergies 87%, for allergies against house-dust and house-dust mites 80% and for allergies against animal denders 69%. There was however no agreement for allergies against molds (only 11%). The total IgE was measured in 51 children by radial immunodiffusion, pathologically high levels were found in 45% of patients. Allergen-specific IgE determinations (RAST) seem to be especially useful for young allergic children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Hypophosphataemia as early sign of septicaemia in childhood (author's transl)].

The early diagnosis of septicaemia in children is difficult because the clinical and laboratory findings can be inconclusive. Results of blood cultures are usually available after two days only. Especially in the neonate, delayed or uncritical use of wide spectrum antibiotics can have negative consequences. We tested whether inorganic serum phosphate determinations could be helpful for diagnosing septicaemia in children. As in adults hypophosphataemia is a frequently occurring symptom in children with septicaemia. Hypophosphataemic values below 4.3 mg/100 ml in the neonate and below 3.2 mg/100 ml in an older child support the diagnosis of septicaemia. The possiblity of quick evaluation has some diagnostic importance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Long term follow up after parenteral specific hyposensitization in children (author's transl)].

The long term follow up of 55 children with allergy treated by specific hyposensitization therapy is reported. Hyposensitization therapy had been terminated from 2--7 years previously. The success of treatment was subjectively judged to be satisfactory of good in 62% of the cases. In the group of asthmatic children, asthma attacks had decreased or ceased in 74% of the cases: in children with hay fever only 24% continued to have as many or more symptoms as before treatment. In children with asthma and pollen allergy, the success rate was slightly higher with aqueous extracts (68%) than with pyridine-extracted and alum-precipitated extract administration (43%). Also in children with hay fever symptoms alone the use of aqueous extracts seemed to bring somewhat better results (57% with good or satisfactory success) in comparison with pyridine-extracted and alum-precipitated extracts (45%). Side effects of hyposensitization therapy occured in 29 children (53%).

Allergens↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Allergen immunotherapy with an immunochemically characterized grass pollen extract: change in follow-up sensitization parameters].

A perennial hyposensitization treatment over 2 years was performed in 18 pollen-allergic patients (14 children, 4 adults) with a standardized and purified graspollen extract. The selection for therapy was provided by allergen titration in skin prick test, conjunctival test and by the estimation of specific IgE to timothy. The reported decrease of seasonal symptoms was accompanied by reduced sensitivity in skin test and conjunctival provocation test (p less than 0.001, p less than 0.05). No consistent change in specific IgE was observed at the end of the study. Specific IgG antibodies significantly rised and persisted (p less than 0.001). A successful hyposensitization treatment with graspollen could be monitored by in-vivo and in-vitro parameters.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Atopy-suggesting symptoms in the first 2 years of life. Effect of gestational age, nutrition and social class].

In a prospective study on 318 non-selected infants signs of atopy as well as interrelations with feeding regimens and family history of atopic disease were investigated at the age of 1 1/2 year. The study population was recruited from preterm and term babies hospitalized 1985 in the University Children's Hospital Freiburg, Germany. The most common symptom was eczema. In addition, clinical symptoms of atopy in first degree relatives were a significant risk factor. Because the highest incidence of atopic symptoms occurred in preterm born children with allergic background in their families, we therefore consider this population at highest risk to develop atopic disease. On the other hand there was no significant influence of breast feeding, cow's milk formula and the time of intake of allergenic food on the clinical manifestation of atopy in any group. Although eczema occurred predominantly in infants with higher social level the respiratory tract symptoms were reported more frequently in children from working class families. We therefore regard the social status as an important confounding variable in the studies of risk factors for the development of allergy.

Eczema↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Lung resection in the principle disease of mucoviscidosis and status following poliomyelitis--2 case reports].

Two cases of destroyed lung after repeated pneumonia are reported; one in a patient suffering from cystic fibrosis in the age of 8 years, the other in a 15 year old girl with a phrenic nerve paralysis. In both children physiotherapy as well as retreatments with appropriate antibiotics did not achieve any long-term curative effect. Therefore a pneumonectomy was indicated. In the patient with cystic fibrosis a small air leak was observed on the first postoperative day at the bronchial suture line, which was treated with an immediate rethoracotomy and correction. In the other child a pericardial effusion 4 weeks after surgery occurred. Regression was seen within two weeks under antibiotic therapy. In diseases such as cystic fibrosis and paralysis of the diaphragm a resection of the lung is justified in cases even if they are complicated by recurrent infections due to atelectasis or bronchiectasia. The preoperative investigation includes the proof of a total lung failure by scintiscan and/or measurement of a mucociliary clearance. A non altered function of the remaining lung is a prerequisite.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Inhalation bronchial provocation tests in children: comparative measurements of oscillation, occlusion pressure and plethysmographic resistance].

Examination of the lung function and bronchial provocation tests are useful for confirmation of an airway obstruction. There is a need for measurements independent of child cooperation. The standard method is body plethysmography. Forced oscillation method and interrupted occlusion method were recently introduced. Measurements of airway resistance by body plethysmography (Raw), by forced oscillation (Ros) and by interrupted occlusion method (Rvd) were compared during 78 inhalative bronchial provocation tests. The correlation index between Raw and Ros total was 0,84 and between Raw and Rvd 0,89. There is a good sensitivity and specifity in allergen bronchial provocation testing in all three methods. A bronchial sensitivity is confirmed in body plethysmography by 100% increase of Raw. In the interrupted method a 50% increase of Rvd in children smaller than 165 cm and in forced oscillation method a relative increase of 25% (0,15 kPa/l/s) is sufficient to assess a bronchial sensitivity to tested allergen.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Advantages of hyposensitization with a high dose of allergoid in pollen allergy].

Grass and rye pollen sensitive children were hyposensitized with glutaraldehyde-modified, tyrosine-adsorbed grass and rye allergoid. We evaluated the clinical efficacy and immunological changes associated with the administration of 3100 NOON-Units (NU) with 3 injections in 15 patients (group A) and 9100 NU with 6 injections in 13 patients (group B) preseasonally. No systemic side effects during therapy were observed. In patient's assessments, a clinical improvement was reported; however, group B achieved better symptom and medication scores. The latter group obtained slightly higher specific IgG levels than group A after two seasons of treatment, whereas the co-seasonal increase of specific IgE was higher in group A. Hyposensitization with grass and rye allergoid is a safe therapy, a better clinical and immunological effect being observed in a high dose regimen.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Food allergies/prevention and diagnosis].

Both immunological (antibody-mediated) and non-immunological mechanisms can trigger allergic reactions and intolerance phenomena to food. A decisive contribution to the genesis of a food allergy is the interaction of "external" factors such as early ingestion of antigens, no breast-feeding, enteritis, and "internal" ones such as genetic influences, a family history of allergies. Correct diagnosis is guided and determined by anamnestic information, identification of characteristic signs and symptoms after ingestion of a particular foodstuff (allergen elimination or provocation), skin test, release of histamine from leucocytes, exclusion or confirmation of other causes and the detection of an immunological equivalent for the patient's disease. The article also includes recommendations on allergen avoidance and for avoiding influences that could provoke a food allergy.

Food Hypersensitivity↗