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Biomedical subjects

R Touraine

Publications and source records attributed to R Touraine.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Cellular events leading to blister formation in bullous pemphigoid.

Cellular events occurring in eight patients with bullous pemphigoid were studied by light and electron microscopy. Sections (0.5 micrometer) of large surface area, overlapping blisters and surrounding skin, were examined and correlated ultrastructural studies were performed on selected areas. The peroxidase contained in granules of neutrophils, eosinophils and young macrophages was visualized by incubation with diaminobenzidine and hydrogen peroxide. This cytochemical reaction was used as a marker to study the release of granule enzymes from these inflammatory cells. The release of such enzymes from eosinophils and occasionally from macrophages on the epidermal basement membrane (more precisely in the lamina lucida) was demonstrated in the skin surrounding the blisters in four patients. The release of these enzymes was also observed in the floor of the blisters in all eight patients. It is well known that these granules contain several proteolytic enzymes. These observations are therefore consistent with the proposal that proteolytic enzymes of eosinophils play a pathogenic role during the initial stages of blister formation in bullous pemphigoid.

Blister↗
PubMed1980

A simple method for correlating observations on skin at the light and electron microscopic levels.

A method is described which allows the embedding of 6 mm cutaneous punch biopsies for subsequent light and electron microscopic examination. Sections of 20 mm2 cut at 0.5-I micrometer are stained for light microscopy. The subtle tinctorial affinities, which approach those achieved on haematological smears, and the preservation of cellular detail frequently make subsequent ultrastructural examination unnecessary. However, when required, a special technique for trimming and resectioning the tissue blocks allows a good correlation between light and electron microscopic observations.

Azure Stains↗
PubMed1980

Endogenous peroxidases: a morphological and functional marker to study inflammatory skin diseases.

The visualization of peroxidase positive lysosomes by diaminobenzidine plus H2O2 allowed easy identification of neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes and young tissue macrophages in 0.2 micrometer to 0.5 micrometer skin plastic sections of large surface area. Evaluation of the lysosomal functions of these phagocytic cells was greatly improved by the possibility of correlating observations on the same cell at light and electron microscopic levels.

3,3'-Diaminobenzidine↗
PubMed1980

[Pulmonary amyloidosis. Report of a case with 14 year follow-up (author's transl)].

A patient, 37 years old in 1966, presented hemoptysis and an excavated lesion of left upper lobe; there were no acid-fast bacilli in the sputum, but he was considered as having tuberculosis. After one year of treatment, the lesion had progressed and was removed surgically; pathologic diagnosis was silicosis. During the following years, three excavated lesions developed in the controlateral lung. When seen in 1979, the patient had consolidation of the whole right upper lobe and an excavated mass of right lower lobe. Amyloidosis was suggested; the pathologic sections of 1967 were reviewed and confirmed amyloidosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Eosinophilic fasciitis (Shulman syndrome) associated with insulin-dependent diabete. 1 case (author's transl)].

A patient with eosinophilic fasciitis and insulin-dependent diabete mellitus is recorded. Diabete and blood hypereosinophilia occurred four months before acute onset of severe proximal sclerodermic features. The deep seated level of fibrosis, mainly localized in subcutaneous fat and fascia was documented by histologic examination. Prednisone therapy (0,75 mg/kg/day) resulted in cutaneous improvement and disparition of eosinophilia. Survey of pertinent literature lead us to consider Shulman's syndrome as a distinct entity amid the broad scleroderma spectrum. Features of esosinophilic fasciitis are very close to, and sometimes undistinguable from generalized morphea. Simultaneous occurence of diabete mellitus in this case is not fortuitous. The same association has already been recoreded with various sclerodermic syndromes.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Photochemotherapy (PUVA) of psoriasis using 3-carbethoxypsoralen, a non-carcinogenic compound in mice.

The carcinogenic risk of photochemotherapy (PUVA) with bi-functional furocoumarins such as 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) which form cross-links in cellular DNA has initiated a search for active but less hazardous psoralens. A new compound, 3-carbethoxypsoralen (3-CPs), studied in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (eukaryote), has been shown to be very photoactive on DNA and to form only mono-additions to DNA. These lesions appear to be more easily repaired than the cross-links induced by 8-MOP. 3-CPs produces less nuclear genetic events such as nuclear mutations and mitotic crossovers, but more cytoplasmic 'petite' mutations (damage to mitochondrial DNA) than 8-MOP. In mice it was demonstrated that after local or intra-peritoneal administration, in contrast to 8-MOP, 3-CPs is non-toxic, non-erythematogenic, and non-carcinogenic. A study of ten psoriatic patients had shown that local applications of 3-CPs plus UV-A exhibit about the same therapeutic activity for the clearing of psoriatic lesions as local treatment with 8-MOP plus UV-A, but without any localized hyperpigmentation.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Pathology of the polymorphonuclears in dermatology. Methods of investigation. Clinical pictures (author's transl)].

A remarkable increase in the number of recognized clinical abnormalities of neutrophil function has occurred within the 8 years past. Of major importance in the delineation of these disorders is the establishment of appropriate methodology of their characterization. This review discusses phagocytosis and its disorders by dividing it into stages that encompass the way in which phagocytes ferret out injection, how they recognize pathogens and the intracellular events leading to engulfment and killing of micro-organisms. The pathology of chemotaxis and random mobility is described: the lazy leukocyte syndrome, the Chediak-Higashi syndrome, the familial chemotaxis pecular dermatosis, and a variety of serum abnormalities of the serum complement system associated with deficient generation of chemotactic activity. The second part of these disorders is dailing with the inherited abnormalities of the oxygen dependent killing mechanisms of phagocytes, the chronic granulomatous disease, the glucose-6-phosphate deshydrogenase deficiency, the myeloperoxydase deficiency and the glutathione peroxydase deficiency.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Dermatitis herpetiformis (author's transl)].

Detailed investigations of 9 patients with dermatitis herpetiformis are presented. In all cases cutaneous lesions were controlled by dapsone alone or by dapsone and gluten free diet. Granular IgA deposits were found in 7 patients, linear IgA deposits in one, and C3 component of complement in one. 3 patients out of 8 tested, carried the specific HLA-B8 antigen. Despite an extensive investigation, no malabsorption was detected. Jejunal biopsies were performed in 8 cases. Jejunal villous flattening was observed in one patient. It improved after a 2 months gluten free diet on subsequent jejunal biopsies. D. H. seems peculiar in France as compared with case reports from other countries: low prevalence of gluten sensitive enteropathy; rare occurrence of the specific HLA-B8 antigen; incidence of D. H. seems to be low in France. It is noticeable that french incidence of coeliac disease is low as well. This suggests a genetic difference in the investigated population (low prevalence of HLA-B8 antigen) and/or different alimentary habits, particularly a low dietary gluten amount.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis (Ofuji) (author's transl)].

A case, the first French observation of eosinophilic pustular folliculitis (Ofuji) is reported. The long lasting condition of unknown etiology is characterized by slightly indurated erythematous plaques and formation of follicular small papules and pustules. The lesions have a tendency to central healing and peripheral extension and proceed with remissions and exacerbations. Histological features are pustular folliculitis composed chiefly of eosinophiles. Blood eosinophila is often founded. Local corticotherapy and dapsone are sometimes a effective treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Treatment of alopecia areata with D.N.C.B. (author's transl)].

The results of treatment of 16 cases of alopecia areata with dinitrochlorobenzene (D.N.C.B.) are reported. The chemical is applied to the scalp once a week, beginning three weeks after sensitivation (patch-test 1/50). We have available to us a battery of D.N.C.B. solutions of various concentrations (11 solutions ranging from 1/20,000 to 1/25). The concentration used varies at each application with the desired result being a contact dermatitis. In the 16 cases studied, 4 were classified as good results, 8 as poor and 4 as failures. Hairgrowth begins with three weeks following the first D.N.C.B. application to the scalp. Good prognostic signs include the facility in sensitizing the patient as well as the intensity of this reaction. The reasons for this treatment's efficacy being as yet unknown, the standardization, as well as the actual technique are, at the present time difficult and hazardous.

Administration, Topical↗