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Biomedical subjects

R Schulze

Publications and source records attributed to R Schulze.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Cytomegalovirus infections following kidney transplantation - clinical and serological studies of the early and late phases].

In 71 patients after kidney transplantation the cytomegalovirus-antibody state was recognized with the help of the indirect fluorescence antibody test in a period of 24 months. The first estimations were performed in 33 patients in the early phase up to the 3rd month and in 38 patients in the late phase up to the 100th months after transplantation. Of 13 patients who had been controlled already before operation only 3 patients were seronegative. After this twice a seroconversion with clinically manifest cytomegalovirus infection appeared, in one case an irreversible failure of the graft developed. In the late phase 4 patients remained seronegative. Of these patients also in one case the chronic rejection caused the entering into the dialysis programme. -- A positive cytomegalovirus-antibody state was found in the early phase in 30 of 33 patients and in the late phase in 34 of 38 patients. An active cytomegalovirus infection was present in the early phase in 11 of 30 and in the late phase in 11 of 34 patients. In the early phase the clinical symptoms fever, leukopenia and hepatitis were more frequent and more expressed than in the late phase. In 7 of the 11 patients in the early phase and in 8 of 11 patients with active cytomegalovirus infection in the late phase rejections occurred which in 2 of the 7 patients in the early phase and in 5 of the 8 patients in the late phase led to the loss of the graft. In inactive cytomegalovirus infection an irreversible course thrice appeared in 11 patients with rejections. Three typical instances are demonstrated: 1. The course of an active cytomegalovirus infection in the early phase with rejection and irreversible failure of the graft. 2. The reactivation of a latent cytomegalovirus infection by uncontrollable rejection processes. 3. The course of an active cytomegalovirus infection without clinical complications and with transition into an inactive stage in minimal immunosuppression. The treatment is performed with immunosuppression of a possibly low dosage, the avoidance of increases of prednisolone in cytomegalovirus-associated rejections, the intravenous application of human-gamma-globulin as well as the prevention or intensive treatment of superinfections. In these cases the close relations between rejection processes, immunosuppressive therapy, superinfections and cytomegalovirus infections should find the necessary consideration.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The membrane potential of lymphocytes changes only in response to specific stimulation.

We have recently shown [Kiefer H, Blume AJ & Kaback HR (1980) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 77, 2200-2204] that depolarization of the lymphocyte membrane constitutes an early event in mitogenic stimulation. We now present evidence that these early changes in membrane potential occur only as a consequence of specific binding of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or concanavalin A (Con A) to cells displaying the correct functional receptors. Spleen cells from LPS low-responder mice (C3H/HeJ) show no depolarization with LPS but only with Con A, while those of the LPS high-responder (C3H/Tif Bom) depolarize upon addition of LPS and Con A. Moreover, in T cells, depleted of I-A-bearing cells, the depolarization produced by a specific stimulus is only reversed by the addition of growth factors, thus indicating that mitogenic activation of lymphocytes is at least a two-signal mechanism. These early events could more recently be correlated with changes in intracellular pH [Gerson DF, Kiefer H & Eufe W (1982) Science 216, 1009-1010; Gerson DF & Kiefer H (1982) J. Cell. Physiol., in press].

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Bradykinin analogues containing N alpha-methyl amino acids.

Analogues of bradykinin were synthesized containing single substitutions by N alpha-methyl amino acids in the 1, 4, 5, 5, and 9 positions. [MeArg]Bradykinin possessed 60% of the muscle-contracting activity of the parent compound in a guinea pig ileum assay. The other analogues were very weak agonists (less than 2%) and, disappointingly, failed to show blocking activity except at very high doses.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Urinary enzymes in monitoring kidney transplant patients].

The alanine aminopeptidase as membrane enzyme, lysozyme as microprotein and beta-glucuronidase as lysosomal enzyme proved as a favourable enzyme combination. Analogically to internal renal diseases typical constellations and courses, respectively, may be differed in a transplant healing without complication, in reversible and irreversible rejection. In a transplant not functioning an enzyme pattern is to be expected as in tubular atrophy (Fanconi's syndrome and so on).

Aminopeptidases↗
PubMed1979

[Computerized tomography in the evaluation (author's transl)].

CT can clearly demonstrate dilation of intra- and extra-hepatic bile ducts due to mechanical obstruction. Note is made that the intrahepatic bile must not necessarily participate in dilation in obstructive jaundice. The cause in 27 cases observed in our institutions was as follows: 16 pancreatic tumors; 1 stone; 2 extrahepatic bile duct obstructions; 4 liver lesions (tumor and cirrhosis) and 4 with cause unknown. Furthermore, CT is helpful in the evaluation of hepatogenic non-obstructive jaundice such as due to primary liver cell carcinoma (hepatoma), metastases to the liver and advanced cirrhosis of the liver. The value of CT in the evaluation of different types of cholestasis is demonstrated by several exemplary cases; and the problems of differential diagnosis are pointed out.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

[Pregnancy and delivery after renal transplantation (author's transl)].

A case report is given on a 21-years-old woman who became pregnant 18 months after renal transplantation. In spite of relatively unfavourable conditions (match 0,25; hypertension) renal function showed a good adaptation throughout the gestation. In the 38. week of pregnancy the woman was successfully delivered of a 2440 g healthy female child by vacuum extraction. There were no effects of the immunsuppressive drugs on the newborn. It is the third case of a successful delivery after renal transplantation in the GDR.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Clinical aspects and treatment of acute kidney failure].

It is reported on haemodialyses which were carried out in the period from 1959--1978 in 157 patients with acute renal failure. Here in 25 cases developed exogenic intoxications. The surgically conditioned cases of acute renal failure were subdivided into 7 groups according to the basic diseases. The lethality of about 47% significantly differs in the individual surgical noxes from the data of literature. It is dealth with the general principles of treatment in these acute pictures of disease, which 1. consist in a basic treatment--maintenance of vital functions--and 2. in an elimination of the damaging noxe--elimination of the exogenic poison and removal of the surgical basic diseases and tiding over of the temporary deficiency of the renal function. Of the deceased patients about 16% came ad exitum in uraemia. The others died of the basic disease which could not be controlled. Thus the prognosis depends on the prognosis of the basic disease. In the intoxications the prognosis mainly depends on the dialysability and the quantity of the poison as well as on the time interval between intake of poison and beginning of the treatment.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1979

[Vascular connections for hemodialysis with reference to thromboses and infections].

A survey of the at present possible vascular accesses and their valency for acute and chronic haemodialyses depending on age and body weight is followed by a comparison of the two most essential possibilities of access Scribner-shunt and fistula Brescia-Cimino. Thei main complications thombosis and infection are discussed and therapeutic directives are shown.

Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical↗
PubMed1977

[Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy as a complication of immunosuppression in kidney transplantation].

The progressive multifocal leukencephalopathy is mostly observed as paraneoplastic complication of malignant lymphoproliferative systemic diseases. It may develop also under the influence of a long-term immunosuppressive therapy, as it is necessary in the rejection treatment of recipients or organ transplantations. It is reported on a 44-year-old man in whom a progressive multifocal leukencephalopathy with exitus letalis developed 6 months after a kidney transplantation and following immunosuppressive therapy. In the oligodendroglia of the marginal region of leukodystrophic foci in the centrum semiovale of the right cerebral hemisphere by means of electron microscopy paracrystalline situated virions of the type Papova were proved in most cases.

Azathioprine↗
PubMed1975

[Effect of the atmospheric ozone layer on the biologically active ultraviolet radiation on the earth's surface].

Based on measurements of the spectral irradiation intensity of UV-B global radiation by Bener (1960) and on the curve of spectral skin erythema effects newly measured by Urbach and Berger (1972), the biologically active UV-radiation at earth's surface has been calculated as a function of sun's altitude and atmospheric ozone content in so-called "Biological Units": BE = mWh cm-2 times erythema efficacy. On the basis of these data, the total daily, monthly, and yearly amounts of biologically active UV-radiation have been determined for the different geographical latitudes and various ozone contents. Approximately two thirds of BU hit the equatorial zone from 35 degrees south to 35 degrees north. Provided that the stratospheric ozone layer would be reduced by ten per cent from the exhaust gases of supersonic planes flying at high-altitude, an increase of BU would result amounting to 18% at the equator, to 19% in middle latitudes, and to 22% at the poles.

Air Pollutants↗