Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to R S Sharma.
Culex quinquefasciatus have been found to breed in about 29 per cent of the wells in semi-urban area and 14 per cent of the wells in rural areas of Varanasi at one time or other. Majority of such wells are used-ones. Effectiveness of Poecillia reticulata, Esomus danrica and Trichogaster fasciatus in controlling well breeding is evaluated in the present study with successful results.
In 5 caged langurs menstrual cycle length (for 125 cycles) varied from 18 to 45 days with a mean +/- s.d. of 26.3 +/- 3.6 days. Menstruation lasted for 2 days. A distinct cycle of vaginal smear cells was observed with a maximum cornification on Day 10 coinciding with the serum oestradiol peak. A monophasic pattern of vaginal temperature with a significant nadir on Day 11, 1 day after the oestradiol peak, was observed. Serum sialic acid concentrations directly reflected the oestrogenic activity and showed a significant peak on Day 10, coinciding with the oestradiol peak and was followed by a progesterone rise. Langurs menstruated throughout the year without showing any sign of summer amenorrhoea. We suggest that maximum cornification, vaginal temperature nadir and serum sialic acid peak could be used as markers for prediction and detection of the time of ovulation in langur monkeys.
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Cyproterone acetate (1 mg/kg b.w. per day; oral) in combination with testosterone enanthate (2 mg/kg b.w. 15 days; i.m.) was administered for 60 and 90 days into adult male langur monkeys (Presbytis entellus entellus, Dufresne). Testicular weight and volume were reduced significantly. Spermatogenesis was suppressed but the interstitial cells appeared normal. Seminiferous tubules and Sertoli cell nuclear diameters were reduced significantly. The indices of testicular steroidogenesis, i.e. testicular total proteins, sialic acid, RNA and fructose showed a fall. On the contrary, cholesterol, total lipids, glycogen and phosphatases increased after treatment. Libido was not affected. Cessation of treatment resulted in a resumption of all the variables to normal levels within 90 days. The results reveal a reversible inhibition of testicular steroidogenesis which ultimately resulted in the disruption of spermatogenesis, a definite index of sterility. It is further emphasized that simultaneously administered testosterone enanthate maintains androgenicity.
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The results are reported of the intrauterine diagnosis of fetal thalassaemia in 72 pregnant women investigated during the six years from 1977 to 1982. In the majority of cases fetal blood was collected by fetoscopy for globin chain synthesis at 18 to 19 weeks' gestation. Adequate fetal blood samples for the diagnosis of the thalassaemia status of the fetus were obtained in 85% of cases. The technical difficulties associated with fetoscopy and fetal blood collection are discussed, and the maternal and fetal complications of the procedure described.
An epidemiological survey for scabies was conducted in a rural community of 2771 persons among 404 households living in 238 houses. Prevalence rates were 13% by population and 30.9% by household. Each index case was responsible, on average, for the spread of infection to 1.9 persons in affected households. Significantly lower rates of secondary attack and transmissibility were observed among the more prosperous villagers. The proportion of infected households increased linearly with household size. The prevalence was highest in those aged up to 19 years, both sexes being affected equally. An average morbidity duration for scabies was 64.5 days; 16.3% of the patients showed secondary pyogenic infection of the skin.
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