Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Pauwels

Publications and source records attributed to R Pauwels.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Transplantable IgD immunoglobulin-secreting tumors in rat.

The LOU/C/Wsl rat inbred strain presents a high incidence of spontaneous malignant ileocecal immunocytomas or monoclonal immunoglobulin-secreting tumors. Some tumors have been transplanted in histocompatible animals over years without any change in their secretion products. Among approximately 600 different monoclonal proteins we have studied so far, we recognized six showing properties different from those of rat IgM, IgA, IgE, or IgG classes, and characteristic of the IgD class.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

The measurement of total serum IgE levels in rats.

A direct solid phase radioimmunoassay for the measurement of total serum IgE in the rat has been developed. The assay is very sensitive with a lower limit of detection of 5 ng/ml. The intra and interassay reproducibility proves to be very acceptable and the specificity is demonstrated by looking at the interferen-e by other immunoglobulins. Preliminary results on total serum IgE levels are given.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Amikacin in the treatment of gram-negative bronchopulmonary infections.

Six patients with acute gram-negative bronchopulmonary infection were treated with amikacin (15 mg/kg per day) administered intramuscularly in two equal doses at 12-hr intervals for 10-13 days. Two patients had underlying nonspecific pulmonary disease, two had advanced bronchocarcinoma, and two had extensive bronchiectasis (due to chronic aspergillosis in one patient). The pathogens were Pseudomonas aeruginosa in three patients, and Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella ozaenae, and Enterobacter cloacae each in one patient. Five patients recovered completely, with resolution of fever and other acute symptoms and elimination of the causative organism from sputum cultures. A moribund patient with advanced metastatic bronchocarcinoma died two days after the treatment with amikacin had been completed; the last specimen of sputum was still positive for P. aeruginosa. Tests of liver and renal function and blood counts revealed no abnormaltities. Complete audiometric survey showed no hearing loss. Nystagmography revealed reversible, lessened caloric response in some patients. Amikacin was well absorbed from the site of intramuscular injection. Levels of amikacin in serum varied among the subjects and, in some cases, for individual patients on different days.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

The protective effect of inhaled BRL 10833 on allergen induced bronchospasm.

BRL 10833, a nitroindanedione, with similar inhibitory activities to DSCG on the immediate type IgE mediated hypersensitivity in the rat, has been shown, when inhaled in a dose of 40 mg, to protect against allergen induced bronchospasm. A significant protective effect of BRL 10833 on the immediate bronchial reaction was seen in five out of ten patients. A single inhalation of 40 mg BRL 10833 seems also to have some protective effect on the late bronchial reaction, following an immediate reaction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

The inhibition of allergen induced bronchospasm in man by oral BRL 10833.

BRL 10833, a nitroindanedione, with DSCG like activity in rat immediate type hypersensitivity, shows good absorption after oral intake in man. The ingestion of 2 and 10 mg BRL 10833/kg body weight provides protection against the immediate type allergen induced bronchoconstriction in patients with bronchial asthma. These results confirm the activity of the drug shown by inhalation.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1976

Further studies on the effect of oral doxantrazole on allergen-induced bronchospasm.

The protective effect of oral doxantrazole on allergen-induced bronchoconstriction in man has been tested in two different treatment schedules. A single administration of 200 mg or 400 mg doxantrazole did not result in significant protection for a group of 10 patients. Only two patients after 200 mg, and three patients after 400 mg received meaningful protection. A 14-day period of treatment with three times 400 mg doxantrazole per day had no significant different effect compared with placebo treatment on allergen-induced broncho-constriction.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1976

The effect of oral doxantrazole on allergen-induced bronchospasm.

The protective effect of 200 mg doxantrazole given orally on allergen-induced bronchoconstriction has been compared with 20 mg inhaled disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) in 15 patients with bronchial asthma and immediate-type hypersensitivity. Only four out of the 15 patients showed a significant inhibition of their bronchoconstriction after the oral intake of doxantrazole. Nine patients were significantly protected by 20 mg DSCG. All patients responding to doxantrazole also responded well to DSCG.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1976

IgE antibodies in bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.

Total serum IgE and serum IgE antibodies to A. fumigatus were quantitated in 143 patients with different forms of bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Total serum IgE levels were elevated in all patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis but also in some other forms of bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, thus limiting the diagnostic value of total serum IgE determination in this type of pulmonary mycotic infection. Specific IgE antibodies to A. fumigatus could be demonstrated in all patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, at least during an acute episode of their disease. Only two patients with a different form of bronchopulmonary aspergillos had slightly elevated levels of specific antibodies. Measurement of IgE antibodies specific to A. fumigatus by means of the RAST method, using high quantities of antigen coupled to cellulose discs so that inhibitory factors may not interfere, is a useful aid in the diagnosis of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.

Aspergillosis↗
PubMed1975

Plasma levels of carcinoembryonic antigen in bronchial carcinoma and chronic bronchitis.

The plasma levels of carcinoembryonic antigen were increased in 80% of 49 patients with bronchial carcinoma and in 68% of 25 patients with an acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. A single determination of the plasma carcinoembryonic antigen level has no prognostic value in patients with bronchial carcinoma.

Bronchial Neoplasms↗
PubMed1975

Delayed hypersensitivity in patients with bronchial carcinoma.

Delayed hypersensitivity skin test reactions have been carried out in patients with bronchial carcinoma. Dinitrochlorobenzene, used as a parameter of newly induced cell-mediated immunity, was clearly suppressed, and this suppression was associated with a poor prognosis. Tuberculin reactivity, used as a parameter of the memory function of the cell-mediated immune system, was not altered, and bears no relation to prognosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Discovery, development and characterization of agents active against the AIDS virus.

Despite major efforts by academic and pharmaceutical research teams, no definitive prevention or cure of AIDS has been achieved. Nevertheless, this research has yielded important information on how HIV replicates and causes disease. Moreover, several inhibitors, targeted at different steps in the life cycle of HIV, have been discovered, some of which have been licensed or are being studied in the clinic. One of the major obstacles towards more effective drugs or a vaccine, is the extraordinary variability in HIV strains which occur in different parts of the world over time, and in patients. The driving force behind these numerous variants is the combination of an error-prone reverse transcriptase, a viral enzyme transcribing the viral RNA genome into DNA on the one hand and the human immune system on the other hand. This puts a constant selection pressure on the HIV population leading to the emergence of escape mutants. It therefore poses an additional challenge on the discovery and development of HIV inhibitors. A research strategy should therefore encompass the following steps: (i) the identification of new lead compounds targeted at known or unknown steps in the HIV replicative cycle, (ii) the characterization and validation of their molecular targets with emphasis on the potential for lead optimization and the likelihood of resistance development, (iii) the study of combination strategies, and (iv) clinical evaluation and validation of the aforementioned concepts.

Antiviral Agents↗