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Biomedical subjects

R Pauwels

Publications and source records attributed to R Pauwels.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

IgE antibodies to bacteria in patients with bronchial asthma.

Bacterial respiratory infections, especially with Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae, are frequently associated with an increase of airways obstruction in patients with bronchial asthma. The possible involvement of immediate hypersensitivity in this phenomenon was studied. IgE antibodies to Haemophilus influenzae (HI) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (SPn) were investigated in the serum of 190 adult patients with bronchial asthma. The IgE antibodies were measured using a solid phase radioimmunoassay method. Living bacteria were used as solid phase. A correction of the non-specific binding of IgE was necessary. IgE antibodies to one or both bacteria were present in 55 of the 190 patients (29%). Eighteen patients were sensitive to HI, 33 to SPn and four to both bacteria. Significantly more IgE antibodies to bacteria were found in patients with demonstrable IgE antibodies to various inhalant allergens. However, the IgE antibodies to one or both bacteria were also present in 22% of patients with no other demonstrable IgE mediated hypersensitivity. The total serum IgE level in patients with IgE antibodies to bacteria was not significantly higher than in patients without hypersensitivity to these bacteria. From these data we concluded that immediate hypersensitivity to bacteria may play a role in the infectious exacerbations of bronchial asthma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Influence of adrenergic drugs on IgE production.

The influence of some adrenergic drugs (fenoterol, salbutamol, terbutaline as stimulant; propranolol as blocker) on IgE production in the rat was investigated. The drugs were administered orally, mixed in the food. The stimulant drugs caused a significant decrease of total serum IgE but had no influence on the specific IgE antibody response. The beta adrenergic blocker caused a significant increase of total serum IgE but also had no influence on specific IgE. The effect of terbutaline was blocked by propranolol. No influence of these adrenergic drugs on IgA and IgM levels was observed.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed1980

Effect of neonatal injection of anti-mu antibodies on immunity to schistosomes (S. mansoni) in the rat.

The effect of neonatally initiated injections of anti-mu serum on immunity to reinfection with Schistosoma mansoni in the rat was investigated in vitro and in vivo. Anti-mu treatment resulting in a profound depression of immunoglobulin synthesis dramatically decreased immunity to reinfection assessed by worm recovery technique. Complement-dependent antibody, IgG2a antibody-eosinophil-mediated and IgE-macrophage cytotoxicity reactions were in parallel markedly reduced. These results show the prominent role played by antibody-dependent mechanisms in immunity to schistosomes in the rat.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Plasma theophylline level and effect on lung function after oral and rectal administration of aminophylline.

Twelve patients with partly reversible, chronic airway obstruction, according to a double blind randomized cross-over design, received on three consecutive days oral aminophylline 500 mg, a 500 mg aminophylline suppository and a placebo. The effects on ventilatory function were studied and the plasma concentration of theophylline was measured. After rectal administration, the plasma concentration of theophylline rose to 5 to 10 microgram/ml, and after oral ingestion the plasma level in most patients exceeded 10 microgram/ml. Administration of the aminophylline suppository resulted in moderate improvement in ventilatory function, and although the improvement was less pronounced than after oral administration, the use of a suppository in the treatment of patients with chronic obstructive lung disease should not be rejected.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1979

Relation between total serum IgE levels and IgE antibody production in rats.

Five different rat strains were immunized with 100 microgram ovalbumin and 1 mg Al (OH)3. A good correlation was found between the total serum IgE level of a rat strain before immunization and the IgE antibody production. Good IgE antibody-producing strains had high total serum IgE levels and vice versa. A discordance between the evolution of the total serum IgE level after immunization and the changes in IgE antibody level was found in all strains.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The influence of antigen dose on IgE production in different rat strains.

Strain differences in total serum IgE levels and IgE antibody responses to various amounts of antigen were studied in rats. Five inbred strains (BN, Wistar R/A, DA, LEW, PVG), (Wistar R/A x BN)F1 and (LEW x BN) F1 hybrids were immunized twice at an interval of 28 days by intraperitoneal injection of 10 ng, 100 ng, 1 microgram, 10 microgram, 100 microgram or 1 mg ovalbumin and 1 mg A1(OH)3 in a volume of 0.5 ml. Total serum IgE and IgE antibody levels were followed. Both parameters were measured with a solid phase radioimmunoassay. A significant difference was observed in total IgE levels between the different strains. The IgE antibody response depended both on the strain and on the amount of antigen used for immunization. There was an optimal antigen dose for IgE antibody formation, differing from strain to strain. F1 hybrids had total IgE levels and IgE responses intermediary between those of the two parent strains. A good correlation existed between the total serum IgE level before immunization and the magnitude of the optimum IgE antibody responses in the different strains. These results suggest that there may be a genetic influence on both parameters, the total IgE level and the specific IgE antibody response. The IgE antibody response is also dependent on the dose of antigen.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Ontogeny of the cells synthesizing IgE reaginic antibodies.

IgE and IgD antibodies to ovalbumin were analyzed in animals immunized by three different techniques. The results showed that IgE and IgD immune responses could be induced more or less independently by different immunization schedules. Moreover, the triggering of the IgD membrane receptors of the IgE-B lymphoid cells which seems necessary to obtain a primary reaginic immune response, does not necessarily seem to induce an IgD immune response at the same time. We conclude IgE and IgD circulating antibodies are synthesized by two different B lymphoid cell lines.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The effect of age on IgE production in rats.

Inbred BN-rats were immunized at different ages with a standardized amount of ovalbumin and a1(OH)3. The specific IgE antibody response and total serum IgE levels were significantly influenced by age. The IgE antibody response increased to a maximum in 2-month-old rats and decreased progressively at a more advanced age. Total serum IgE levels increased progressively from the age of 1 month to the age of 5 months and decreased again at the age of one year.

Aging↗
PubMed1978

Effect on rat IgA synthesis by isotypic suppression with an anti-rat delta heavy chain serum.

It is highly probable that IgA precursor cells have IgD receptors during their ontogeny, however isotypic suppression with anti-delta serum did not demonstrate this possibility at least in our experimental conditions. Moreover, isotypic suppression with anti-delta serum seems ineffective in diminishing the serum levels of Ig classes other than IgD under these conditions, as IgM, IgE and IgG serum levels were relatively unaffected, at least during the first month of the rat life.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Comparison between ketotifen and DSCG in bronchial challenge.

A double-blind cross-over study showed that orally taken ketotifen and inhaled DSCG have a comparable protective effect on allergen-induced bronchoconstriction. Both drugs significantly inhibit the immediate bronchial reaction after a 3 day treatment with either 1 mg ketotifen or 20 mg DSCG four times daily. Late reactions, which occurred in three out of the ten patients, were inhibited in two of the three patients by ketotifen as by DSCG.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Total serum IgE levels in normals and patients with chronic non-specific lung diseases.

Total serum IgE was measured, using a sensitive sandwich method, in a healthy control population, in healthy persons with a familial history of chronic non-specific lung disease and in patients with chronic non-specific lung disease (CNSLD). In the control population a median total serum IgE of 39 I.U./ml was found. Total serum IgE levels were significantly lower in women that in men. Healthy persons with a familial history of CNSLD had significantly increased total IgE levels compared with the control population. The IgE level was even higher in the group of patients with CNSLD. The presence of specific IgE antibodies and/or an early onset of the symptoms of CNSLD was accompanied by higher total serum IgE levels compared with the IgE values in the other CNSLD patients. But the total IgE levels were increased in all subgroups of CNSLD patients. A significant decrease of the IgE level with age was observed in CNSLD patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Effect of antigen dose on the secondary IgE response in BN rats.

Inbred Brown Norway rats were immunized at day 0 with a single dose of ovalbumin and 1 mg A1(OH)3. Various doses of ovalbumin without adjuvant were given at day 28. The secondary IgE antibody was antigen dose-dependent. Total serum IgE levels decreased after immunization and during the IgE antibody response.

Aluminum Hydroxide↗
PubMed1978

Studies on the effects of MJ-9184-1 in man.

A new beta 2-adrenergic receptor stimulating drug, 2-hydroxy-5-[1-hydroxy-2-(2-methyl-1-phenyl-2-propyl-amino)-ethyl]-methanesulfonanilide hydrochloride (MJ-9184-1), was found to be a potent bronchodilator in man. In double-blind cross-over study including placebo, 0.25 mg and 0.50 mg MJ-9184-1 and involving ten patients with stable chronic obstructive lung disease with reversible airways obstruction, MJ-9184-1 caused a fast-appearing and long-lasting bronchodilator effect. The oral intake of 0.50 mg MJ-9184-1, compared to 0.25 mg, caused a more rapid effect and a more pronounced bronchodilation; 0.50 mg MJ-9184-1 also caused some elevation of the pulse rate. The effect was not seen after 0.25 mg MJ-9184-1.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed1978

[Contribution to the study of ontogeny of the cells synthetizing IgE class immunoglobulins (author's transl)].

It is known that a treatment, initiated with birth, of repeated injections of anti-mu heavy chain sera leads in mice to considerable decrease of the serum level of the various classes of immunoglobulins : IgM, IgA, IgG1, IgG2. A similar treatment led to similar results in rats but, in addition, made it clear that the IgE serum level was also decreased by the treatment. Moreover, a series of injections of an anti-rat IgD serum also produced a significative decrease of the IgE serum level. The results suggest that the precursor cells of the IgE plasma cells are bearing molecules of IgM and IgD classes on their membrane.

Animals↗